1、 The following commercial specification is originally adopted from the military document. Revision A includes all known accepted revisions, amendments, notices, and Department of Defense (DoD) engineering changes previously developed for this item. Revisions B and forward include changes adopted to
2、reflect technology and design evolution. _ CLOTH, PARACHUTE, NYLON The Parachute Industry Association makes this document available for use by Industry and Government organizations that wish to apply this specification to their products. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Scope. This specification covers nylon cloth for
3、fabrication of parachutes. 1.2 Type designation. The cloth shall be of the following types as specified (see 6.2): Type I - 2.25 ounces Type II - 3.50 ounces. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in Sections 3 and 4 of this specification. This secti
4、on does not include documents cited in other sections of this specification nor is it recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements of the do
5、cuments cited in Sections 3 and 4 of this specification, whether or not they are listed. 2.2 Government publications. 2.2.1 Government publications. The following Government publications form a part of this document. STANDARDS FEDERAL FED-STD- 595 - Colors Used in Government Procurements A-A-59826 -
6、 Thread, Nylon (Unless otherwise indicated, copies of the above specifications and standards are available from the Standardization Documents Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PIA-C-7350D 09 April 2013 Superseding PIA-C-7350C 03 May 2007 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT: All Rights Re
7、served. No Part of this publication may be reproduced without prior written permission from Parachute Industry Association. Additional copies may be purchased on-line from PIA Specifications and Standards at: . Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-C-7350D PA 19111-5094. Electronic copies of military
8、 and federal standards and specifications may be obtained from https:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/.) FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION (FTC) 16 CFR 303 - Rules and Regulations Under the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act (Copies are available online at: www.ftc.gov or from the Federal Trade Commis
9、sion, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20580-0001. Electronic copies may also be obtained from http:/www.access.gpo.gov/.) 2.3 Non-government publications. The following documents form a part of this document. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF TEXTILE CHEMISTS AND COLORISTS (AATCC) AATCC 8 - Colo
10、rfastness to Crocking: Crockmeter Method AATCC 16 - Colorfastness to Light AATCC 61 - Colorfastness to Laundering: Accelerated AATCC 81 - pH of the Water-Extract from Wet Processed Textiles AATCC 192 - Weather Resistance of Textiles: Sunshine-Arc Lamp Exposure with and without Wetting AATCC Evaluati
11、on Procedures: - 1 Gray Scale for Color Change - 2 Gray Scale for Staining - 8 AATCC 9 - Step Chromatic Transference Scale - 9 Visual Assessment of Color Difference Textiles. (Applications for copies should be addressed to the AATCC National Headquarters, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 2
12、7709-2215. Electronic copies may be obtained from www.aatcc.org .) AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR QUALITY (ASQ) ANSI/ASQ Z1.4 - Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes (Copies are available online at: www.asq.org or American Society For Quality, 600 North Plankinton Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 5
13、3203.) ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM) ASTM D 276 - Standard Test Methods for Identification of Fibers in Textiles ASTM D 434 - Standard Test Method for Resistance to Slippage of Yarns in Woven Fabrics Using a Standard Seam ASTM D 629 - Standard Test Method for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles ASTM D 737
14、 - Standard Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics ASTM D 1776 - Standard Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles Page 2 of 21 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-C-7350D ASTM D 1777 - Standard Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials ASTM D 2261 - Standard Test Method for
15、 Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile Testing Machine) ASTM D 3774 - Standard Test Method for Width of Textile Fabric ASTM D 3775 - Standard Test Method for Warp (End) and Filling (Pick) Count of Woven Fabrics ASTM D 3776 - Standard Tes
16、t Method for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric ASTM D 3882 - Standard Test Method for Bow and Skew in Woven and Knitted Fabrics ASTM D 5035 - Standard Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Strip Method) ASTM D 6193 - Standard Practice for Stitches and Seams ASTM G 151
17、 - Standard Practice for Exposing NonMetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices That Use Laboratory Light Sources ASTM G 155 - Standard Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials (Application for copies should be addressed to the ASTM International, 1
18、00 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Electronic copies may be obtained from www.astm.org/.) PARACHUTE INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION (PIA) PIA- STD- 851 - CODING, MANUFACTURERS IDENTIFICATION, NYLON PARACHUTE CLOTH PIA-STD-503 - PERMANENCE OF SET AND SHRINKAGE IN PARACHUTE FABRICS (BOILED W
19、ATER TEST METHOD) (Electronic copies may be obtained from .) 2.4 Order of precedence. Unless otherwise noted herein or in the contract, in the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document,
20、 however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 3. REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Yarn. The nylon yarn used in the manufacture of all parachute fabric shall be continuous multifilament, bright, high tenacity, heat and light resistant polyamide made from hexameth
21、ylene diamine and adipic acid, or its derivatives. The yarn shall have a melting point of 244C (471F) minimum when tested in accordance with TABLE II. The yarn shall not be bleached in any manner or process. 3.1.1 Recycled, recovered, or environmentally preferable materials. Recycled, recovered, and
22、 environmentally preferable material should be used to the maximum extent possible, provided that the material meets or exceeds the operational and maintenance requirements, and promotes economically advantageous life cycle costs. Page 3 of 21 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-C-7350D 3.2 Yarn tw
23、ist. Any yarn twist (warp and filling) is acceptable, provided all requirements for this specification are met. 3.3 Weave. The weave patterns for Type I and Type II cloth shall be in accordance with FIGURES 1 and 2, respectively. 3.4 Standard. The finished cloth shall match the standard for shade an
24、d appearance and shall be equal to or better than the standard with respect to all characteristics for which the standard is referenced (see 6.3). 3.5 Physical and chemical properties. The physical and chemical properties of the finished cloth shall conform to TABLE I and the following subparagraphs
25、 thereto. The frequency of testing shall be 5 tests across the width of the delivered fabric. The test methods in TABLE IV shall be followed. TABLE I Physical requirements. Characteristics Type I Type II Weight, ounces / sq. yard (maximum) 2.25 3.50 Yarns per inch, (warp and filling), (minimum) 68 5
26、2 Breaking strength 1/, pounds/inch (minimum): Warp 85 135 Filling 85 135 Elongation, percent (warp and filling) (minimum) 25 25 Tear strength, pounds 1/, (warp and filling) (minimum) 10 30 Thickness, inches, (maximum) 0.007 0.014 Air permeability, cubic feet/minute/sq. foot 90-140 150-200 Note: 1/A
27、ll individual values shall meet the specified minimum requirements. 3.6 Finish. The cloth shall be scoured to remove sizing and other contaminants at a temperature which will not cause fixation of same into cloth or result in permanent setting of the cloth. The cloth shall be heat-set and may be cal
28、endered at such temperature and pressure as required to control the air permeability to the level required by this specification. Where calendering is required, the fabric shall be turned over with each calender run. The cloth covered by this specification shall not be bleached, resinated or treated
29、 with oxalic or phosphoric acid in any manner or process (see 6.4). 3.6.1. Permanence of set. When the cloth is subjected to the test specified in 4.9.1, the permanence of the cloth set shall be as follows: 3.6.1.1 Air permeability. The average of the air permeability readings taken after testing sh
30、all be within 15 percent of the average of the readings taken before testing. 3.6.1.2 Shrinkage. The cloth shrinkage measured after testing shall not exceed 3 percent in the warp and 2 percent in the filling direction. Page 4 of 21 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-C-7350D 3.6.2 Water-soluble mat
31、erial. The water-soluble material of the finished cloth shall not exceed 2 percent, when tested as specified in TABLE IV. 3.6.3 pH. The pH value of the finished cloth shall not be less than 5.5 or more than 9.0 when tested as specified in TABLE IV. 3.6.4 Light and heat resistance. The cloth shall no
32、t lose more than 25 percent of its original strength, when tested in accordance with 4.9.2. 3.6.5 Seam slippage. The load required to separate the seam shall be not less than 10 pounds in either the warp or filling directions, when tested in accordance with 4.9.4. 3.7 Color. The color of the finishe
33、d cloth and its referenced standard shall be as specified by the procuring activity (see 6.2). 3.7.1 Dyeing. When dyed fabric is required, the fabric shall be yarn or piece dyed. 3.7.2 Visual shade matching. When evaluated in accordance with 4.9.5, the color of the dyed fabric shall match the standa
34、rd when viewed with sources simulating artificial daylight, and shall be a good match to the standard under incandescent lamplight. 3.7.3 Colorfastness. When tested as specified in 4.5, the finished fabric shall show fastness to light and crocking as follows: Notes: 1/Rating using the AATCC Evaluati
35、on Procedure 1, Gray Scale for Color Change. 2/Rating using the AATCC Evaluation Procedure 8 and AATCC 9 Step Chromatic Transference Scale. 3.8 Dimension. 3.8.1 Width. Unless otherwise specified, the tolerance shall be inch. The acceptable width shall be inclusive of the selvages but exclusive of fr
36、inged ends produced on shuttleless looms (see 6.2). The selvage shall be hot slit and sealed against raveling if woven on shuttleless looms, unless otherwise specified. 3.8.2 Length and put up. Unless otherwise specified a shippers roll shall be a minimum of 100 yards with a minimum piece size of 50
37、 yards. A shippers roll shall have a maximum of two splices with no more than 10 percent of the yards ordered containing splices. 3.8.3 Bias (skew) and bow in fabric. Bias (skew) and bow shall be measured according to ASTM D 3882. Requirements shall be as listed in TABLE V Classification of Defects.
38、 Characteristic Rating, minimum Light (Fade) 1/3-4 Crocking: 2/ Dry Wet 3.5 3.5 Page 5 of 21 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-C-7350D 3.9 Date of manufacture. The date of manufacture is defined as the date (month and year) of the last manufacturing processing that affects the physical characteri
39、stics of the cloth. This would not include slitting, inspection or rewinding. 3.10 Identification. 3.10.1 Identification of fiber. Each roll of the finished fabric shall be labeled or ticketed and invoiced for fiber content in accordance with the Rules and Regulations Under the Textile Fiber Product
40、s Identification Act. 3.10.2 Identification yarns. Unless otherwise specified, each roll of cloth shall have identification warp yarns as assigned per PIA-STD-851 a maximum of 2 inches from at least one selvedge edge of the finished cloth. The dye used in the identification yarns shall have no adver
41、se effect on the physical properties of the fabric, as specified in TABLE II. The identification yarns in the finished cloth shall show fastness to light, laundering, and bleeding in damp air equal to or better than a rating of 3.5 on the AATCC Gray Scale for staining, when tested as specified in TA
42、BLE II. 3.10.3 Identification of product. Each roll of finished cloth shall be marked for identification in accordance with good commercial practice. In addition, each piece of cloth in each roll shall be clearly and legibly marked with the finishers roll number, or code, and each roll shall have at
43、tached a durable tag on which the finishers roll number, or code, is listed. The date of manufacture (see 3.9) of the cloth shall be included on the tag attached to each roll. 3.11 Workmanship. The finished cloth shall be clean and evenly woven and shall conform to the quality and grade of product e
44、stablished by this specification, and the occurrence of defects shall not exceed the applicable Acceptance Quality Limit. The finished cloth shall not show spottiness or be off shade of the standard range. The finished cloth shall not have an objectionable odor (Normal residual odor of chemicals com
45、monly used shall not be regarded as objectionable.). 3.12 First article. When specified (see 6.2), a sample representative of the production quality shall be subjected to the first article inspection in accordance with 4.3. 4. VERIFICATION 4.1 Classification for inspection. Unless otherwise specifie
46、d in the contract or purchase order, the contractor is responsible for the performance of all inspection requirements (examinations and tests) as specified herein. Except as otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, the contractor may use his own or any other facilities suitable for the
47、 performance of the inspection requirements specified herein, unless disapproved by the procuring activity. The procuring activity reserves the right to perform any of the inspections set forth in the specification where such inspections are deemed necessary to assure supplies and services conform t
48、o prescribed requirements. 4.1.1 Responsibility for compliance. All items shall meet all requirements of Sections 3, 4 and 5. The inspections set forth in this specification shall become a part of the contractors overall inspection system or quality program. The absence of any inspection requirement
49、s in the specification shall not relieve the contractor of the responsibility of ensuring that all products or supplies submitted to the procuring activity for acceptance comply with all requirements of the Page 6 of 21 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-C-7350D contract. Sampling inspection, as part of manufacturing operations, is an acceptable practice to ascertain conformance to the requirements, however, this does not authorize submission of known d
