1、 The following commercial specification is an original Parachute Industry Association specification. BROAD FABRICS VISUAL DEFECTS DICTIONARY (GUIDE) FOR PIA-C-44378 FABRIC The Parachute Industry Association makes this document available for use by the Industry and Government organizations that wish
2、to apply this specification to their products. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Purpose. This commercial specification references defects, descriptions and numbering sequences as identified in PIA-C-44378 and are only for use as a reference in conjunction with PIA-C-44378. 1.2 Scale. Picture scale shown on each of the
3、following illustrated pictures which is 1 square is approximately equal to 1/8 inch. The pictures of the fabric defects have been enlarged so that the defect can be seen clearer. 1.3 Visual defects dictionary. This visual defects dictionary is not intended to serve as a replacement or supersession t
4、o the PIA-C-44378 specification for rejection purposes. (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENIONALLY BLANK) PIA-STD-501 25 November 2013 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT: All Rights Reserved. No Part of this publication may be reproduced without prior written permission from Parachute Industry Association. Additional copies
5、 may be purchased on-line from the PIA Specifications and Products at: . Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Abrasion DESCRIPTION: Any abrasion mark or streak showing fuzziness CLASSIFICATION: Major - 101 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 2 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not
6、 Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Biased/skewed filling DESCRIPTION: More than 1 inch from horizontal at greatest point of bias (this is prorated on 36 inches, to a maximum width of 72 inches, for fabric used in parachutes) CLASSIFICATION: Major - 102 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 3 of 43 Copyr
7、ight Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Bowed filling DESCRIPTION: More than 1 inch in height as measured from a straight line chord to highest point of arc (this is prorated based on 36 inches, to a maximum width of 72 inches, for fabric used in parachutes) CLASSIFICATION: Major - 103 (THIS
8、 SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 4 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Break, cut, hole or tear (other than pinhole, etc.) DESCRIPTION: Three or more warp or filling yarns ruptured at adjoining points CLASSIFICATION: Major - 104 Note: While three holes are depicted in the
9、 above photo, only one hole of this magnitude would qualify as a major defect. (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLAN K) Page 5 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Filling bar variations - Light mark DESCRIPTION: Over 1/8 inch in height with more than 10 percent variation below n
10、ormal pick count CLASSIFICATION: Major - 105 Note: In order to comply with the definition “over 1/8 inch in height with more than 10 percent variation below normal pick count” this picture best depicts this condition. Technically, there may be other Lighter Marks that may depict this condition; howe
11、ver they would not be severe enough to qualify. (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 6 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Filling bar variations - Heavy mark DESCRIPTION: Over 1/8 inch in width with more than 10 percent variation above normal pick count CLASSIFICATION:
12、Major - 106 Note: The dark area is a classic “heavy mark” and the arrow above shows where it starts. (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 7 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Floats or skips DESCRIPTION: Any multiple float 3/16 inch square or more CLASSIFICATION: Major
13、- 107 Note: The definition for a float states: Any multiple float 3 /16 inch square or more; the above floats depict a run for 1/2 inch. (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 8 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Floats or skips DESCRIPTION: Single floats 1/4 inch or more
14、 in length CLASSIFICATION: Major - 108 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 9 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Floats or skips DESCRIPTION: Repeating floats or pin floats that measure less than 1 inch apart CLASSIFICATION: Major - 109 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BL
15、ANK) No picture currently available Page 10 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Loops, kinks or snarls (except selvage) DESCRIPTION: All over 1/8 inch in length CLASSIFICATION: Major - 110 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 11 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA
16、-STD-501 DEFECT: Loops, kinks or snarls (except selvage) DESCRIPTION: Three or more in any linear yard up to 1/8 inch in length CLASSIFICATION: Major - 111 Note: The above illustration has the best picture obtainable for this defect condition. (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 12 of 43 Copy
17、right Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Manufacturers missing identification yarn DESCRIPTION: As shown by arrow, there are no I.D. Yarns on fabric edge. CLASSIFICATION: Major - 112 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 13 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Misp
18、ick DESCRIPTION: Three or more picks in a shed CLASSIFICATION: Major - 113 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 14 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Missing end DESCRIPTION: Two or more contiguous, regardless of length CLASSIFICATION: Major - 114 Note: The definition o
19、f contiguous is “side by side”. (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 15 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Missing end DESCRIPTION: Single: 36 inches or more in length CLASSIFICATION: Major - 115 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 16 of 43 Copyright Protected: D
20、o Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Missing pick DESCRIPTION: Two or more contiguous, regardless of length CLASSIFICATION: Major - 116 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 17 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Selvage defects DESCRIPTION: Any cut, broken, torn, scalloped or
21、clearly noted waviness along selvage edge (check for waviness under no tension) CLASSIFICATION: Major - 117 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 18 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Selvage defects DESCRIPTION: More than 3 inches of continuous stringy or loopy selvage
22、projecting 1/8 inch or more CLASSIFICATION: Major - 118 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 19 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Selvage defects DESCRIPTION: Any clearly noticeable roll of edge or edges when tension is released (tight selvages) CLASSIFICATION: Major -
23、 119 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 20 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Thick places/stripback DESCRIPTION: Any abruptly thickened place in the fabric caused by extraneous material woven in the fabric or a stripback continuing for more than 1 1/2 inches and bein
24、g more than 1/16 inch wide for that length CLASSIFICATION: Major - 120 Note: The above picture is exactly what the definition in the spec describes. (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 21 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Smash DESCRIPTION: Any smash CLASSIFICATION: M
25、ajor - 121 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 22 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Weave DESCRIPTION: Pattern other than specified CLASSIFICATION: Major - 122 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 23 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Sta
26、ins DESCRIPTION: Single ends or picks 15 inches or more in length CLASSIFICATION: Major - 123 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 24 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Stains DESCRIPTION: Double ends or picks 8 inches or more in length CLASSIFICATION: Major - 124 Note:
27、 The above photo depicts 3 ends while the spec stated “double ends” (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 25 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Stains DESCRIPTION: More than two ends or picks 5 inches or more in length or a clearly noticeable area more than 1/4 square in
28、ch in area, whichever is greater CLASSIFICATION: Major - 125 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 26 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 A Width B DEFECT: Width DESCRIPTION: Not as specified CLASSIFICATION: Major - 126 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) No picture required Pa
29、ge 27 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Wrong draw DESCRIPTION: Clearly noticeable warp streak more than 18 inches in length CLASSIFICATION: Major - 127 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 28 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Yarn deformations
30、 DESCRIPTION: Over six yarn deformations or shifts of 1/32 inch or more over 5 inches in length occurring within an area equal to a 6 inch diameter circle CLASSIFICATION: Major - 128 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 29 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-STD-501 DEFECT: Filling bar variations - Light mark DESCRIPTION: Over 1/8 inch in width with 10 percent or less variation below normal pick count CLASSIFICATION: Minor - 201 (THIS SPACE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK) Page 30 of 43 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!
