1、Lessons Learned Entry: 1502Lesson Info:a71 Lesson Number: 1502a71 Lesson Date: 2003-07-01a71 Submitting Organization: MSFCa71 Submitted by: Lisa CarrSubject: Orbital Space Plane Crew Survival and Human Rating Abstract: The Orbital Space Plane (OSP) concluded that human ratings requirements required
2、further investigation for implementation. DO NOT under estimate the impact of human rating and crew survival requirements on ALL aspects of a human spaceflight program. Description of Driving Event: Recognize that as a combined set, human rating requirements present program risk, because they have n
3、ever been fielded into a System design.Lesson(s) Learned: The current NASA human ratings requirements (NPR 9705.2, Human Rating Requirements and Guidelines for Space Flight Systems) are not yet “field tested“ by application to development through design or flight certification. OSP learned enough ju
4、st incorporating them into its requirement baseline to warrant an update to the NASA requirement documents. Recognize that as a combined set, these requirements present program risk, because they have never been fielded into a System design.Additionally: a. Launch Vehicle Explosion and Water Surviva
5、l Failure to incorporate a complete and validated set of crew survival requirements at the beginning of the program led to uncertainty and substantial architectural redesign. Accurate explosion models of the Atlas and Delta launch vehicles do not exist.b. Human Rating of Expendable Launch Vehicles (
6、ELV) The ELVs that were to launch the OSP Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-spacecraft were defined to be within the OSP system boundary. For human-rating purposes, the OSP/ELV combinations were to be treated as a single entity with the
7、 OSP system and the ELVs were not going to be separately human rated. However, the human rating adequacy of the ELVs was not fully assessed, and it is doubtful that they would have met acceptable human rating requirements.c. Human Rating Plan the plan was available to support the Systems Requirement
8、s Review and Systems Design Review and the implications of complying with the Plan could be understood upfront and analysis performed to address competing requirements.d. Lessons from Columbia The OSP SEB proactively used these results of both inputs plus their own independent assessment to assure t
9、hat the RFP planned for the OSP adequately addressed safety. NASA headquarters Code Q reviewed and concurred in the SEB actions.e. Immature Human Rating Requirements The Human Rating Requirements and Guidelines did not clearly identify the phase of the Program where they were to apply nor was it cle
10、ar how the requirements could be tailored that did not impart subjectivity in how they were approved. Recommendation(s): DO NOT under estimate the impact of human rating and crew survival requirements on ALL aspects of a human spaceflight program. If ELVs are planned to be used to launch crewed spac
11、ecrafts, the human rating adequacy of the ELVs should be assessed and documented prior to committing the program to their use. Evidence of Recurrence Control Effectiveness: N/ADocuments Related to Lesson: N/AMission Directorate(s): a71 Exploration Systemsa71 Space Operationsa71 Aeronautics ResearchA
12、dditional Key Phrase(s): a71 Human FactorsProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-a71 Safety & Mission AssuranceAdditional Info: Approval Info: a71 Approval Date: 2005-04-01a71 Approval Name: Lisa Carra71 Approval Organization: MSFCa71 Approval Phone Number: 256-544-2544Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-
