1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2013 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publi
3、cation may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (out
4、side USA)Fax: 724-776-0790Email: CustomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visithttp:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS2413FAEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONAMS2413 REV. FIssued 1961-01Reaffirmed 2007-04Revised
5、 2013-08Superseding AMS2413EPlating, Silver-RhodiumRATIONALEAMS2413F results from a Five Year Review and update of this specification.NOTICEORDERING INFORMATION: The following information shall be provided to the plating processor by the purchaser.1) Purchase order shall specify not less than the fo
6、llowing:x AMS2413Fx Plating thickness desired. See 3.4.1.x Basis metal to be platedx Tensile strength or hardness of the basis metalx Pre-plate stress relief to be performed by plating processor (time and temperature) if different from 3.1.2x Special features, geometry or processing present on parts
7、 that requires special attention by the plating processorx Hydrogen embrittlement relief to be performed by plating processor (parameters or reference document) if different from 3.3x Minimum thickness on internal surfaces, if required. See 3.4.1.1.x Optional: Periodic testing frequency (4.2.2) and
8、sample quantity (4.3.2) x Quantity of pieces to be platedx If internal surfaces as defined in 3.4.1.4 are required to be plated to a specified thickness, notes on the drawing shall so specify2) Parts manufacturing operations such as heat treating, forming, joining and media finishing can affect the
9、condition of the substrate for plating, or if performed after plating, could adversely affect the plated part. The sequencing of these types of operations should be specified by the cognizant engineering organization or purchaser and is not controlled by this specification.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2413F
10、 Page 2 of 81. SCOPE1.1 PurposeThis specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited silver and rhodium deposits.1.2 ApplicationThis electrodeposit has been used typically to provide a conductive surface for electrical contacts or a reflective coating for waveguide surfaces for parts opera
11、ting up to 300 F (149 C), but usage is not limited to such applications.1.3 Safety - Hazardous MaterialsWhile the materials, methods, applications, and processes described or referenced in this specification may involve the use of hazardous materials, this specification does not address the hazards
12、that may be involved in such use. It is the sole responsibility of the user to ensure familiarity with the safe and proper use of any hazardous materials and to take necessary precautionary measures to ensure the health and safety of all personnel involved.2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTSThe issue of the fol
13、lowing documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no supersedi
14、ng document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply.2.1 SAE PublicationsAvailable from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS2750 PyrometryAMS275
15、9/9 Hydrogen Embrittlement Relief (Baking) of Steel PartsAS2390 Chemical Process Test Specimen Material2.2 ASTM PublicationsAvailable from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM B117 Operating Salt Spray (Fog)
16、 Testing ApparatusASTM B487 Measurement of Metal and Oxide Coating Thicknesses by Microscopical Examination of a Cross SectionASTM B568 Measurement of Coating Thickness by X-Ray SpectrometryASTM B571 Adhesion of Metallic CoatingsASTM F519 Qualitative Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of P
17、lating Processes and Service Environments3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS3.1 Preparation3.1.1 Parts shall be within drawing dimension limits before plating. The cleaning procedure shall not produce pitting or intergranular attack of the basis metal and shall preserve dimensional requirements.SAE INTERNATIO
18、NAL AMS2413F Page 3 of 83.1.2 Stress Relief TreatmentAll steel parts having a hardness of 40 HRC and above and that are machined, ground, cold formed or cold straightened after heat treatment shall be cleaned to remove surface contamination and thermally stress relieved before plating. (Residual ten
19、sile stresses have been found to be damaging during electrofinishing.) Furnaces used for Stress Relief shall be controlled per AMS2750. The minimum requirements shall be Class 5, with Type D Instrumentation. Temperatures to which parts are heated shall be such that stress relief is obtained while st
20、ill maintaining hardness of parts within drawing limits. Unless otherwise specified, the following treatment temperatures and times shall be used:3.1.2.1.1 For parts, excluding nitrided parts, having a hardness of 55 HRC and above, including carburized and induction hardened parts, stress relieve at
21、 275 F r 25 (135 C r 14) for 5 to 10 hours.3.1.2.1.2 For parts having a hardness less than 55 HRC, stress relieve at 375 F r 25 (191 C r 14) for a minimum of 4 hours. Nitrided parts fall into this category. Higher temperatures shall be used only when specified or approved by the cognizant engineerin
22、g organization.3.1.2.1.3 For peened parts: If stress relief temperatures above 375 F (191 C) are elected, the stress relieve shall be performed prior to peening, or the cognizant engineering organization shall be consulted and shall approve the stress relief temperature.3.1.3 The plating shall be ap
23、plied over a surface free from water breaks. The cleaning procedure shall not produce pitting or intergranular attack of the basis metal and shall preserve dimensional requirements.3.2 ProcedureParts shall be plated in the following sequence, using the solution specified; parts shall be immersed in
24、each plating solution with the current on:3.2.1 Except for barrel plating, electrical contact points shall be as follows. For parts that are to be plated all over, locations shall be acceptable to the cognizant engineering organization. For parts which are not to be plated all over, locations shall
25、be in areas on which plating is not required, or locations shall be acceptable to the cognizant engineering organization.3.2.2 Copper Flash or Copper StrikeExcept as specified in 3.2.2.1, a copper flash or copper strike shall be electrodeposited from a suitable copper plating solution.3.2.2.1.1 When
26、 parts to be plated are made of a corrosion-resistant alloy, a nickel flash or nickel strike shall be electrodeposited instead of the copper flash or copper strike.3.2.3 Silver PlatingParts shall be plated by electrodeposition of silver from a suitable silver plating solution directly onto the flash
27、 or strikesurfaces of 3.2.2 or 3.2.2.1.3.2.4 Rhodium PlatingParts shall be plated by electrodeposition of rhodium from a rhodium sulfate, rhodium phosphate, or other suitable rhodium plating solution onto the silver plating surfaces.3.2.5 Spotting in is not permitted.3.3 Hydrogen Embrittlement Relie
28、fAfter plating, rinsing and drying, ferrous parts shall be treated in accordance with AMS2759/9 using the parameters specified for silver.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2413F Page 4 of 83.4 PropertiesThe silver-rhodium plating shall conform to the following requirements:3.4.1 ThicknessThickness of plating sha
29、ll be as specified on the drawing, determined in accordance with any of the following methods as applicable: ASTM B487, ASTM B568, or other method permitted by the cognizant engineering organization.3.4.1.1 Minimum plating thickness shall be as follows:3.4.1.1.1 Copper or Nickel Flash or StrikeNot l
30、ess than 0.0001 inch (2.5 m).3.4.1.1.2 Silver PlateNot less than 0.0005 inch (12.7 m).3.4.1.1.3 Rhodium FlashNot less than 0.00002 inch (0.5 m).3.4.1.2 Thickness requirements apply to surfaces that can be touched by a sphere 0.75 inch (19 mm) in diameter. Plating thickness in such areas shall be sub
31、stantially uniform, except that that slight build-up on exterior corners or edges is permitted if within drawing dimensional requirements.3.4.1.3 Unless otherwise specified, surfaces such as holes, recesses, threads and other areas where a controlled deposit cannot be obtained under normal plating c
32、onditions, may be under the specified limit provided they show visual plating coverage.3.4.1.4 If internal surfaces as defined in 3.4.1.3 are required to be plated to a specified thickness, notes on the drawing shall specify thickness.3.4.2 AdhesionPlating shall be firmly and continuously bonded to
33、the underlying metal, determined on representative parts or test panels in accordance with a method described in ASTM B571. A test shall be selected from ASTM B571 from those specified for silver electrodeposits.3.4.3 Corrosion ResistanceFerrous metal parts or representative test panels as in 4.3.3
34、shall show no evidence of corrosion of the basis metal, determined by exposure for 100 hours to salt spray corrosion test conducted in accordance with ASTM B117.3.4.4 Hydrogen EmbrittlementThe plating process after baking shall not cause hydrogen embrittlement in steel parts determined in accordance
35、 with 4.3.3.3.3.5 QualityPlating, as received by purchaser, shall be sound, smooth, continuous, adherent to the basis metal, uniform in color, and free from blisters and other imperfections detrimental to usage of the plating. There shall be no evidence of double plating and spotting-in.SAE INTERNAT
36、IONAL AMS2413F Page 5 of 84. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS4.1 Responsibility for InspectionThe processor shall supply all samples for processors tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. When actual parts are required for tests, such parts shall be supplied by purchase
37、r. The cognizant engineering organization reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that processing conforms to the requirements of this specification.4.2 Classification of Tests4.2.1 Acceptance TestsThickness (3.4.1), adhesion (3.4.2), and quali
38、ty (3.5) are acceptance tests and shall be performed on parts, or specimens representing parts when permitted herein from each lot. See 4.3.3.4.2.2 Periodic TestsCorrosion resistance (3.4.3) is a periodic test and shall be performed at least monthly unless frequency of testing is specified by the co
39、gnizant engineering organization. Hydrogen embrittlement when required (3.4.4) is a periodic test and shall be performed in accordance with 4.3.3.3 at least once in each month that steel parts 36 HRC and over are plated unless frequency of testing is specified by the cognizant engineering organizati
40、on. Tests of cleaning and processing solutions are periodic tests and shall be performed at a frequency established by the processor unless frequency of testing is specified by the cognizant engineering organization. See 8.5.4.2.2.1 Periodic testing may be suspended in any test period (e.g., month o
41、r quarter) when parts are not processed. 4.2.3 Preproduction TestsAll property verification tests (section 3.4) are preproduction tests and shall be performed prior to production and when the cognizant engineering organization requires confirmatory testing. 4.3 Sampling for Testing4.3.1 Acceptance T
42、estsTest samples shall be randomly selected from all parts in the lot. A lot shall be all parts of the same part number, processed in a continuous series of operations, in not longer than 24 consecutive hours, and presented for processors inspection at one time. Unless the cognizant engineering orga
43、nization provides a sampling plan, the minimum number ofsamples shall be as shown in Table 1.TABLE 1 - SAMPLING FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTNumber of Partsin Lot QualityThickness andAdhesion1 to 67 to 1516 to 4041 to 110111 to 300301 to 500501 to 700701 to 1200Over 1200all71015253550751253 or all*4456781015*
44、 Whichever is less4.3.2 Periodic TestsSample quantity shall be four for corrosion resistance. For hydrogen embrittlement, sample quantity shall be as specified in ASTM F 519 unless otherwise specified by the cognizant engineering organization.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2413F Page 6 of 84.3.3 Sample Config
45、urationNondestructive testing shall be performed wherever practical. Except as noted, actual parts shall be selected as samples for tests. When representative specimens are used for acceptance testing, values so obtained shall be correlated with those of parts since properties, such as thickness, ma
46、y differ between parts and representative test specimens.4.3.3.1 Representative test specimens may be used in lieu of parts under any one of the following circumstances: The plated parts are of such configuration or size as to be not readily adaptable to specified tests, nondestructive testing is no
47、t practical on actual parts, or it is not economically acceptable to perform destructive tests on actual parts. Except as specified below, representative test specimens shall be made of the same generic class of alloy as the parts, established in accordance with AS2390, distributed within the lot, c
48、leaned, plated, and post treated with the parts represented.4.3.3.2 Corrosion TestingWhen ferrous alloy parts are processed within the test period (quarter), representative test specimens shall be low carbon or low alloy steel 0.025 inch (0.6 mm) minimum thickness and not less than 4 x 6 inches (102
49、 x 152 mm) or bars approximately 0.5 inch (13 mm) in diameter and four inches (102 mm) long having a surface roughness not to exceed 40 microinches (1 m) AA. Representative test specimens for aluminum alloy parts (same specimen size as for steel) shall be made of either 2024-T3 or the same generic class of alloy as the parts processed within the test period when aluminum alloy parts are plated. Representa
