1、 SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2007 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication ma
3、y be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
4、Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org AMS 2431/6C AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION Issued APR 1988 Revised AUG 2007 Superseding AMS 2431/6B Peening Media Glass Shot RATIONALE AMS 2431/6C adds limits on heavy metal contamination. 1. SCOPE This specificatio
5、n, in conjunction with the general requirements covered in AMS 2431 establishes the requirements for glass shot to be used for peening of metal parts. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the ex
6、tent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. Also, see AMS 2431
7、. 2.1 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM D 1214 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Glass Spheres 2.2 U.S. Government Publications Available from the Document Automation and
8、Production Service (DAPS), Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Tel: 215-697-6257, http:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/. MIL-D-3464 Desiccants, Activated, Bagged, Packaging Use and Static Dehumidification MIL-PRF-9954 Glass Beads, for Cleaning and Peening 3. TECHNICAL REQ
9、UIREMENTS 3.1 Glass shot shall conform to AMS 2431 and the requirements specified herein. 3.2 Composition 3.2.1 The beads shall be high quality glass of the soda-lime type. Silica content shall not be less than 67% by weight. SAE AMS 2431/6C - 2 - 3.2.2 Glass shot shall not contain more than 75 ppm
10、arsenic and 100 ppm lead by weight. See 8.2. 3.3 Hardness Not less than 90% of the readings shall be 500 to 550 HV or 515 to 575 HK. These values are equivalent to 48 to 52 HRC which is provided for reference only. 3.4 Density shall not be less than 2.3 g/cc. 3.5 Magnetic particles shall not exceed
11、0.1% by weight of the original sample. 3.6 Inclusions Not more than 10% of the glass shot shall contain inclusions (including air bubbles) covering more than 20% of their projected area. 3.7 Coatings Silicone or any other coating material are not permitted. 3.8 Workmanship 3.8.1 Shape Glass shot sha
12、ll be spherical to ellipsoid in shape. Minimum percentage of true spheres shall confirm to Table 1. 3.9 Size shall conform to the requirements of Table 1. 3.10 Test Methods and Procedures 3.10.1 Size Classification The sieve analysis shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D 1214. The screens sh
13、all be in accordance with U.S. Standard Series described in ASTM E 11. 3.10.2 Silica content shall be determined in accordance with ASTM C 169 or a method acceptable to the purchaser. 3.10.3 Hardness shall be determined by a Knoop penetrator using 100 gram load, or Vickers Diamond Pyramid penetrator
14、 using 50 gram load, or a method acceptable to the purchaser. 3.10.4 Contamination 3.10.4.1 Magnetic particle content shall be determined by slowly sprinkling approximately 1500 grams of the sample glass shot on an inclined aluminum tray, 0.062 inch (1.6 mm) deep by 6 inches (152 mm) wide by 12 inch
15、es (305 mm) long. The tray shall be supported by a nonmagnetic frame so that it is inclined with a 6 inch (152 mm) rise from end to end, (30 degrees from horizontal). Four 1 x 1 x 6 inches (25 x 25 x 152 mm) bar magnets shall be positioned against the under surface and crosswise of the inclined tray
16、 about the middle of its length. Thickness of tray at the magnet locations shall not exceed 0.062 inch (1.6 mm). Magnets shall be not less than 10,000 Gauss each and arranged so that the magnetic north and south poles alternate. The magnetic particles (iron) that accumulate on the tray as the beads
17、roll down shall be brushed into a preweighed dish. The procedure shall be repeated with the same 1500 gram sample until all visible magnetic particles are collected. The dish shall be reweighed and the magnetic particle content calculated as a percentage of the total original sample. 3.10.5 Inclusio
18、ns shall be determined microscopically, using substage lighting, while glass shot is immersed in a fluid having a refractive index of 1.5. SAE AMS 2431/6C - 3 - 3.10.6 Silicone Coating The following test shall be performed to determine the presence of silicone. Slowly pour approximately 50 grams of
19、the sample glass shot into a 250 mL beaker containing approximately 200 mL of reagent water. A small amount of shot floating separately on the water is permissible but a agglomeration indicates presence of silicone. 3.10.7 Shape A visual count shall be made of three fields of approximately 100 beads
20、 each, on the sample prepared as in 4.1.6, using a microscope with 20X magnification and substage lighting, or an optical projector. The three results shall be averaged and compared to Table 1. 3.10.8 Density Approximately 60 grams of dried shot shall be placed in a 100 mL graduated cylinder contain
21、ing approximately 50 mL of reagent water. The final volume minus the original volume is the volume of the shot. Calculate density using equation 1. mL Volume,Shotgrams Weight,ShotDensity = (Eq. 1) 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS The provisions of AMS 2431 shall apply except the following modificatio
22、ns and additions take precedence: 4.1 Classification of Tests 4.1.1 Acceptance Tests Density (3.10.8), magnetic particles (3.5), inclusions (3.10.5), size (3.10.1), and shape (3.10.7) are acceptance tests and shall be performed on samples representing each lot. 4.1.2 Periodic Tests Composition (3.2)
23、 and hardness (3.3) are periodic tests and shall be performed at a frequency acceptable to the purchaser. 4.2 Sampling Sampling for testing shall be not less than the following. 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests Two samples of approximately 200 grams each shall be selected from separate containers chosen at ra
24、ndom from each lot except samples for magnetic particle content shall be as in 3.5.4.1. 4.2.1.1 Inclusions The samples used in 4.2.1.3 may be used to determine inclusions. 4.2.1.2 Density Two samples of approximately 60 grams each shall be used for density determination. 4.2.1.3 Size Two samples of
25、approximately 60 grams each shall be used for size determination. SAE AMS 2431/6C - 4 - 4.2.1.4 Shape Shot shall be poured into a piece of transparent adhesive tape so that beads adhere to the tape. 4.2.1.4.1 A mechanical method of inspection for shape is permitted provided that it can be correlated
26、 to the optical method and is acceptable to purchaser. 4.2.2 Periodic Tests Sample quantities shall be not be less than the following. 4.2.2.1 Composition Not less than two samples. 4.2.2.2 Hardness Twenty microhardness readings shall be made from each sample with no more than 1 impression from any
27、single shot. 5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY See AMS 2431 and the following: 5.1 Packaging and Identification Shot shall be packaged in 50 pound (23 kg) units in multi-wall bags, with a reinforced scrim conforming to MIL-PRF-9954 “Level A.” An inner plastic bag shall be used having a vapor transmission
28、rate of less than 0.5 grams of water per 100 square inches (645 cm2) per 24 hours. 5.1.1 Desiccants All glass shot passing U.S. Screen #100 shall have eight units of MIL-D-3464 desiccant included in each bag. 6. ACKNOWLEDGMENT See AMS 2431. 7. REJECTIONS See AMS 2431. 8. NOTES See AMS 2431 and the f
29、ollowing: 8.1 Intended Use Glass shot conforming to this specification is intended for use in peening of metal surfaces to impart compressive stresses, thereby increasing resistance to fatigue and stress-corrosion cracking. Generally, glass shot may be used where: 8.1.1 Very low intensities are requ
30、ired because glass shot is available in smaller sizes than other media. 8.1.2 Very small, under 0.015 inch (0.38 mm) radii or narrow slots are intended to be peened. 8.1.3 Ferrous contamination of peening media is undesirable. SAE AMS 2431/6C - 5 - 8.2 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency test metho
31、ds 3052 and 6010 have been used to determine arsenic and lead concentrations of glass shot. 8.3 Terms used in AMS are clarified in ARP1917. 8.4 Dimensions and properties in inch/pound units and the Fahrenheit temperatures are primary; dimensions and properties in SI units and the Celsius temperature
32、s are shown as the approximate equivalents of the primary units and are presented only for information. PREPARED BY AMS COMMITTEE “B” SAE AMS 2431/6C-6 -TABLE 1 -GLASS SHOTFOR PEENINGDesignation Number U.S. Sieve DiameterInch Max Diameter Inch MinMax Trace RetainU.S. Sieve SizeMin 95% Pass U.S. Siev
33、e SizeMax15% Pass Max5%PassMin% True Spheres Max % SharpParticleMillimetersMax MillimetersMinAGB-200 -8+ 12 0.094 0.066 7 8 12 14 80 0.5 2.39 1.68 AGB-170 -10+ 14 0.079 0.056 8 10 14 16 80 0.5 2.01 1.42 AGB-150 9954A -1 -12+ -14 0.066 0.047 10 12 14 20 80 0.5 1.68 1.41 AGB-100 9954A -2 -14+ 20 0.055
34、5 0.0331 12 14 20 30 65 3.0 1.41 0.841 AGB-70 9954A -3 -20+ 30 0.0331 0.0234 18 20 30 40 65 3.0 0.841 0.594 AGB-50 9954A -4 - 30+ 40 0.0234 0.0165 25 30 40 45 70 3.0 0.594 0.419 AGB-35 9954A -5 -40+ 50 0.0165 0.0117 35 40 50 60 70 3.0 0.419 0.297 AGB-30 -45+ 60 0.0139 0.0098 40 45 60 70 70 3.0 0.358
35、 0.249 AGB-25 9954A -6 -50+ 70 0.0117 0.0083 45 50 70 80 80 3.0 0.297 0.211 AGB-20 9954A -7 -60+ 80 0.0098 0.0070 50 60 80 100 80 3.0 0.249 0.179 AGB-18 9954A -8 -70+100 0.0083 0.0059 60 70 100 120 80 3.0 0.211 0.150 AGB-15 9954A -9 -80+120 0.0070 0.0049 70 80 120 140 80 3.0 01.78 0.124 AGB-12 9954A
36、 -10 -100+170 0.0059 0.0035 80 100 170 200 85 3.0 0.150 0.089 AGB-10 9954A -11 -120+200 0.0049 0.0029 100 120 200 230 90 3.0 0.125 0.074 AGB-9 9954A -12 -140+230 0.0041 0.0025 120 140 230 325 90 3.0 0.104 0.064 AGB-6 9954A -13 -170+325 0.0035 0.0017 140 170 325 400 90 3.0 0.089 0.043 NOTE: 1. Design
37、ation number is mean shot diameter in microns divided by10. 2. A “true sphere” is defined as a spheroid with an aspect ratio (ratio of maximum to minimum diameter) of 1.2:1 or less. 3. “Sharp particles” are broken shot or angular glass particles with unfired edges. 4. Prefix“AGB” denotes glass peening shot to AMS 2431/6.
