1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2014 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publi
3、cation may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (out
4、side USA)Fax: 724-776-0790Email: CustomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visithttp:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS4985EAEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONAMS4985 REV. EIssued 1983-07Revised 2014-04Supersedin
5、g AMS4985DTitanium Alloy, Investment Castings6Al - 4V130 UTS, 120 YS, 6% ELHot Isostatically PressedAnneal Optional or When Specified(Composition similar to UNS R56401)RATIONALEAMS4985E results from a Five Year Review and update of this specification that aligns hydrogen sample mass with ASTM E 1447
6、 and standardizes reporting requirements.1. SCOPE1.1 FormThis specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of investment castings.1.2 ApplicationThese castings have been used typically for parts of intricate design requiring a combination of good strength-to-weight rate and corrosion resistance
7、, but usage is not limited to such applications.2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTSThe issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific do
8、cument issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply.2.1 SAE PublicationsAvailable from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323
9、(inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.AMS2175 Castings, Classification and Inspection ofAMS2249 Chemical Check Analysis Limits, Titanium and Titanium AlloysAMS2694 Repair Welding of Aerospace CastingsSAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4985E Page 2 of 11AMS2750 PyrometryAMS2804 Identif
10、ication, Castings2.2 ASTM PublicationsAvailable from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org.ASTM B 600 Descaling and Cleaning Titanium and Titanium Alloy SurfacesASTM E 8 / E 8M Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
11、ASTM E 539 Analysis of Titanium Alloys by X-Ray Fluorescence SpectrometryASTM E 1320 Standard Reference Radiographs for Titanium CastingsASTM E 1409 Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion TechniqueASTM E 1417 Liquid Penetrant TestingASTM E 1447 D
12、etermination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Thermal Conductivity/Infrared Detection MethodASTM E 1742 Radiographic ExaminationASTM E 1941 Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion AnalysisASTM E 2371 Analysis of Tita
13、nium and Titanium Alloys by Direct Current Plasma and Inductively Coupled Atomic Emission Spectrometry3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS3.1 CompositionShall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1; carbon shall be determined in accordance with ASTM E 1941, hydrogen in accordance with ASTM E 144
14、7, oxygen and nitrogen in accordance with ASTM E 1409, and other elements in accordance with ASTM E 539 and ASTM E 2371. Other analytical methods may be used if acceptable to the purchaser (See 8.2.1 and 8.2.2).TABLE 1 - COMPOSITIONElement min maxAluminum 5.50 6.75Vanadium 3.50 4.50Iron - 0.30Oxygen
15、 - 0.20Carbon - 0.10Nitrogen - 0.05 (500 ppm)Hydrogen - 0.015 (150 ppm)Yttrium (3.1.1) - 0.005 ( 50 ppm)Other Elements, each (3.1.1) - 0.10Other Elements, total (3.1.1) - 0.40Titanium remainderSAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4985E Page 3 of 113.1.1 Determination not required for routine acceptance.3.1.2 Check
16、AnalysisComposition variations shall meet the applicable requirements of AMS2249.3.2 Melting Practice3.2.1 Castings and specimens shall be poured at casting vendors facility either from a melt (See 8.2.3) of a master heat, or directly from a master heat (See 3.2.3).3.2.1.1 Remelt for CastingCastings
17、 and specimens shall be remelted and poured under inert gas pressure in accordance with 3.2.2.1, or under vacuum without loss of vacuum between melting and pouring.3.2.1.2 If authorized by purchaser (See 8.2.4), portions of two or more qualified master heats of 3.2.3 may be remelted together and pou
18、red into castings using a procedure acceptable to purchaser.3.2.1.3 Remelt for casting shall be performed using consumable electrode-practice or other method authorized by purchaser.3.2.2 Master Heat PreparationA master heat shall be prepared from any combination of elemental and revert materials th
19、at are melted and refined as necessary in a single furnace charge. Single or multiple melting shall be accomplished using consumable electrode, nonconsumable electrode, electron beam cold hearth, or plasma cold hearth practice(s).3.2.2.1 The atmosphere for melting shall be vacuum or shall be argon a
20、nd/or helium at an absolute pressure not higher than 1000 millimeters of mercury.3.2.2.2 Revert (gates, sprues, risers, and rejected castings) may be used in the preparation of master heats.3.2.2.3 Solidification of the master heat into pigs or ingots before remelting and pouring of castings is perm
21、itted.3.2.2.4 The master heat source shall establish effective control procedures, including parameters for the critical variables that will consistently produce material suitable for remelting of castings meeting the requirements of this specification. Control procedures shall be acceptable to purc
22、haser and casting vendor.3.2.3 Master Heat QualificationEach master heat shall be qualified by evaluation of chemical and tensile specimens.3.2.3.1 Specimens shall be either separately-cast, integrally-cast (See 8.2.5), or machined-from-casting, and shall conform to 3.2.1.3.2.3.2 If specimens are se
23、parately-cast, vendor shall have a written procedure acceptable to purchaser. Control factors of 4.4.2.2 shall apply.3.2.3.3 Specimens used for master heat tensile qualification tests shall be hot isostatically pressed, and annealed (See 3.3.2), as specified in the written procedure of 3.2.3.2.3.2.3
24、.4 Specimens used for master heat tensile qualification test may be hot isostatically pressed and annealed separately from castings.3.2.3.5 The acceptance tests of 4.2.1 may be used to satisfy the qualification requirements of 3.2.3.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4985E Page 4 of 113.3 Condition3.3.1 Castings
25、shall be hot isostatically pressed.3.3.2 A separate annealing operation may be performed, but it is not required.3.3.3 The vendor shall record the type of thermal processing performed as a control factor of 4.4.2.2.3.4 Test Specimens3.4.1 Chemical Analysis SpecimensShall be of any convenient size an
26、d shape.3.4.2 Tensile SpecimensShall be of standard proportions in accordance with ASTM E 8 / E 8M with 0.250-inch (6.35-mm) diameter at the reduced parallel gage section.3.4.2.1 Separately-cast and integrally-cast specimens may be either cast to size and/or cast oversize and subsequently machined t
27、o 0.250-inch (6.35-mm) diameter.3.4.2.1.1 After machining or chemical cleaning, tensile specimens shall be free of oxygen-rich layer, such as alpha case, or other surface contamination.3.4.2.2 When integrally-cast specimens and specimens machined-from-castings are specified (See 8.2.6), specimen siz
28、e and location shall be agreed upon by purchaser and vendor (See 8.2.7 and 8.4).3.5 Thermal ProcessingCastings and representative tensile specimens shall be hot isostatically pressed in accordance with 3.5.1. When performed, annealing shall be in accordance with 3.5.2.3.5.1 Hot Isostatic PressProces
29、s in inert atmosphere at not less than 14.5 ksi (100 MPa) within the range 1650 to 1750 F (899 to 954 C), hold at the selected temperature within 25 F (14 C) degrees for 2 to 4 hours, and cool under inert atmosphere in the autoclave to below 800 F (427 C).3.5.2 AnnealProcess in vacuum or inert atmos
30、phere (See 4.3.1.1) at a temperature within the range 1300 to 1550 F (704 to 843 C) hold at the selected temperature within 25 F (14 C) for 2 to 4 hours, and cool in the furnace to below 1000 F (538 C).Pyrometry shall be in accordance with AMS2750.3.6 PropertiesCastings and separately-cast tensile s
31、pecimens shall conform to the following requirements; conformance to the requirements of 3.6.1.1 shall be used for acceptance of castings unless purchaser specifies that requirements of 3.6.1.2 apply.3.6.1 Room Temperature Tensile PropertiesShall be as specified in 3.6.1.1 or 3.6.1.2 determined in a
32、ccordance with ASTM E 8 / E 8M with the rate of strain set at 0.005 inch/inch/minute (0.005 mm/mm/minute) and maintained within a tolerance of 0.002 inch/inch/minute (0.002 mm/mm/minute) through the 0.2% offset yield strain.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4985E Page 5 of 113.6.1.1 Separately-Cast SpecimensShal
33、l be as shown in Table 2.TABLE 2 - MINIMUM ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SEPARATELY-CAST SPECIMENSProperty ValueTensile Strength 130 ksi (896 MPa)Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset 120 ksi (827 MPa)Elongation in 4D 6%3.6.1.2 Integrally-Cast Specimens and Specimens Machined-From-CastingShall be a
34、s shown in Table 3 for designated areas and Table 4 for nondesignated areas.3.6.1.2.1 Designated AreasShall be as shown in Table 3.TABLE 3 - MINIMUM ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIESINTEGRALLY-CAST SPECIMENS AND SPECIMENS MACHINED-FROM-CASTINGDESIGNATED AREASProperty ValueTensile Strength 130 ksi
35、(896 MPa)Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset 120 ksi (827 MPa)Elongation in 4D 6%3.6.1.2.2 Non-designated AreasShall be as shown in Table 4.TABLE 4 - MINIMUM ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE PROPERTIESINTEGRALLY-CAST SPECIMENS AND SPECIMENS MACHINED-FROM-CASTINGNONDESIGNATED AREASProperty ValueTensile Strength 12
36、5 ksi (862 MPa)Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset 108 ksi (745 MPa)Elongation in 4D 4.5%3.6.2 Surface ContaminationCastings shall be free of any oxygen-rich layer such as alpha case, compounds such as residue from halogenated solvents and quenchants, or other surface contamination.3.6.2.1 Cleaning shall
37、be performed in accordance with ASTM B 600 or other method(s) acceptable to purchaser.3.6.2.2 After cleaning and prior to any subsequent processing involving temperature over 500 F (260 C), castings shall be handled in a manner to preclude surface contamination. Handling with clean, dry, white cotto
38、n gloves is recommended.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4985E Page 6 of 113.7 Quality3.7.1 Castings, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the castings. Castings shall be free of cracks, laps, h
39、ot tears, and cold shuts.3.7.2 Castings shall be produced under radiographic control. This control shall consist of radiographic examination of each casting part number until foundry manufacturing controls in accordance with 4.4.2 have been established. Additional radiography shall be conducted in a
40、ccordance with the frequency of inspection specified by purchaser, or as necessary to ensure continued maintenance of internal quality.3.7.2.1 Radiographic inspection shall be conducted in accordance with ASTM E 1742 or other method specified by purchaser.3.7.3 When specified, castings shall be subj
41、ected to fluorescent penetrant testing in accordance with ASTM E 1417 or other method specified by purchaser.3.7.4 Acceptance standards for radiographic, fluorescent penetrant, visual, surface contamination and other inspections shall be as agreed upon by purchaser and vendor.3.7.4.1 AMS2175 may be
42、used to specify frequency of inspection (casting class).3.7.4.2 ASTM E 1320 may be used to specify radiographic standards (casting grade).3.7.5 Castings shall not be peened, plugged, impregnated, or welded unless authorized by purchaser.3.7.5.1 When authorized by purchaser, welding in accordance wit
43、h AMS2694 or other welding program acceptable to purchaser may be used.3.7.5.2 Unless otherwise specified by purchaser, castings shall be hot isostatically pressed, or annealed, and/or hot isostatically pressed and annealed after welding.3.7.5.2.1 Castings which are hot isostatically pressed before
44、welding need not be hot isostatically pressed after welding.4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS4.1 Responsibility for inspectionThe vendor of castings shall supply all samples for vendors tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and
45、 to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the castings conform to specified requirements.4.2 Classification of Tests4.2.1 Acceptance TestsComposition (3.1), tensile properties (3.6.1), surface contamination (3.6.2), and the applicable requirements of quality (3.7)are accep
46、tance tests and shall be performed as specified in 4.3.4.2.2 Periodic TestsRadiographic soundness (3.7.2) is a periodic test and shall be performed at a frequency selected by the vendor unless a frequency of testing is specified by purchaser.4.2.3 Preproduction TestsAll technical requirements are pr
47、eproduction tests and shall be performed on sample castings (4.3.2), when a change in control factors occurs (4.4.2.2), and when purchaser deems confirmatory testing to be required.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4985E Page 7 of 114.3 Sampling and TestingThe minimum testing performed by vendor shall be in acco
48、rdance with the following:4.3.1 One chemical analysis specimen in accordance with 3.4.1 from each master heat or a casting from each master heat shall be tested for conformance with Table 1.4.3.1.1 Except as specified in 4.3.1.2, hydrogen determination shall be on each lot (See 8.2.8) if chemical cl
49、eaning (See 8.2.9) is performed after thermal processing, if final anneal heat treatment is performed under inert atmosphere, or if castings are delivered in the hot isostatically pressed condition without subsequent vacuum anneal heat treatment.4.3.1.2 Hydrogen determination is permitted on each master heat if final anneal heat treatment is performed in vacuum, and if no further chemical cleaning is performed after
