1、AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS4987 REV. E Issued 1995-12 Revised 2015-01 Superseding AMS4987D Titanium Alloy, Forgings 10V - 2Fe - 3AI Consumable Electrode Melted, Single-Step Solution Heat Treated and Overaged 140 ksi (965 MPa) Tensile Strength (Composition similar to UNS R56410) RATIONALE AM
2、S4987E results from a Five Year Review and update of this specification that includes the removal of sample size allowance for hydrogen of Table 1 (covered by ASTM E1447), requires agreement on mechanical property values for material outside specification ranges (3.5.1.1.2 and 8.5), the addition of
3、AS6279 (3.7) and revises the report paragraphs (4.4). 1. SCOPE 1.1 Form This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of forgings 4.00 inches (101.6 mm) and under in nominal cross-sectional thickness and of forging stock of any size. 1.2 Application These forgings have been used typically f
4、or parts in high stress and stress-corrosion-resistant applications requiring higher fracture toughness and allowing lower tensile properties than AMS4984 and AMS4986, but usage is not limited to such applications. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of
5、 the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last
6、published issue of that document shall apply. _ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, i
7、ncluding any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2015 SAE Intern
8、ational All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-73
9、23 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS4987E SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4987E
10、 Page 2 of 8 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA, www.sae.org. AMS2249 Chemical Check Analysis Limits, Titanium and Titanium Alloys AMS2750 Pyrometry AMS2808 I
11、dentification, Forgings AS6279 Industry Standard Practices for Production, Distribution, and Procurement of Metal Stock 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM E8 / E8M Tens
12、ion Testing of Metallic Materials ASTM E384 Knoop and Vickers Hardness of Materials ASTM E399 Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials ASTM E1409 Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Technique ASTM E1447 Determination of Hydrogen i
13、n Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Thermal Conductivity/Infrared Detection Method ASTM E1941 Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion Analysis ASTM E2371 Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Direct Current Plasma and Inductively Coupled P
14、lasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Composition Shall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1; carbon shall be determined in accordance with ASTM E1941, hydrogen in accordance with ASTM E1447, oxygen and nitrogen in accordance with ASTM E1409, and other ele
15、ments in accordance with ASTM E2371. Other analytical methods may be used if acceptable to the purchaser. Table 1 - Composition Element min max Vanadium 9.0 11.0 Aluminum 2.6 3.4 Iron 1.6 2.2 Oxygen - 0.13 Carbon - 0.05 Nitrogen - 0.05 (500 ppm) Hydrogen - 0.015 (150 ppm) Yttrium (3.1.1) (3.1.2) - 0
16、.005 ( 50 ppm) Other Elements, each (3.1 .1) - 0.10 Other Elements, total (3.1 .1) - 0.30 Titanium remainder SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4987E Page 3 of 8 3.1.1 Determination not required for routine acceptance. 3.1.2 Check Analysis Composition variations shall meet the applicable requirements of AMS2249.
17、If yttrium content is determined, no variation over maximum will be permitted for yttrium. 3.2 Melting Practice Alloy shall be multiple melted. The first melt shall be made by vacuum consumable electrode, nonconsumable electrode, electron beam cold hearth, or plasma arc cold hearth melting practice.
18、 The subsequent melt or melts shall be made under vacuum using vacuum arc remelting (VAR) practice. Alloy additions are not permitted in the final melt cycle. 3.2.1 The atmosphere for nonconsumable electrode melting shall be vacuum or shall be argon and/or helium at an absolute pressure not higher t
19、han 1000 mm of mercury. 3.2.2 The electrode tip for nonconsumable electrode melting shall be water-cooled copper. 3.3 Condition The product shall be supplied in the following condition: 3.3.1 Forgings Solution heat treated, overaged, descaled, and pickled. 3.3.2 Forging Stock As ordered by the forgi
20、ng manufacturer. 3.4 Heat Treatment Forgings shall be solution heat treated and aged as follows: Pyrometry shall be in accordance with AMS2750. 3.4.1 Forgings shall be single solution heat treated by heating to a temperature 60 to 100 F (16 to 38 C) below the beta transus (See 8.2), holding at heat
21、for not less than 30 minutes, and quenching in water. 3.4.1.1 Other solution heat treatments may be employed when agreed upon by purchaser and producer. 3.4.1.2 Beta Transus Determination The beta transus temperature shall be determined by any method acceptable to purchaser. Thermal controls and rea
22、douts shall be calibrated to an accuracy of 5 F (3 C). Beta transus accuracy shall be 15 F (8 C). 3.4.2 Aging Heat Treatment Heat to a temperature within the range 1050 to 1150 F (566 to 621 C), hold at the selected temperature within 15 F (8 C) for not less than 8 hours, and cool to room temperatur
23、e. 3.5 Properties The aged product shall conform to the following requirements: SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4987E Page 4 of 8 3.5.1 Forgings 3.5.1.1 Tensile Properties Shall be as specified in Table 2 for forgings 4.00 inches and under (101.6 mm) in nominal cross-sectional thickness, determined in accordan
24、ce with ASTM E8 / E8M with the rate of strain set at 0.005 inch/inch/minute (0.005 mm/mm/minute) and maintained within a tolerance of 0.002 inch/inch/minute (0.002 mm/mm/minute) through the 0.2% offset yield strain. Table 2 - Minimum tensile properties Property Value Tensile Strength 140 ksi (965 MP
25、a) Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset 130 ksi (896 MPa) Elongation in 4D 8% Reduction of Area 20% 3.5.1.1.1 Tensile requirements apply in both the longitudinal and transverse directions but tests in the transverse direction need be made only on forgings from which a specimen not less than 2.50 inches (62
26、.5 mm) in length can be obtained. 3.5.1.1.2 Mechanical property requirements for product outside the range covered by 3.5.1.1 shall be agreed upon between purchaser and producer. 3.5.1.2 Fracture Toughness KICshall be not lower than 80 ksi inch (88 MPa m), determined in accordance with ASTM E399 for
27、 all specimen orientations. To facilitate determination of fracture toughness a tensile specimens taken immediately adjacent to the location of the fracture toughness specimen is required. Fracture planes of tensile and KICspecimen shall be in the same direction. If a tensile specimen cannot be exci
28、sed from the forging with the fracture plane in the same direction as that of the fracture toughness specimen, the orientation of the tensile specimen shall be as approved by purchaser. 3.5.1.2.1 Forgings not meeting the minimum fracture toughness requirements may be re-aged in accordance with 3.4.2
29、 and retested for fracture toughness and tensile properties. 3.5.1.3 Microstructure Microstructural examination shall be conducted using a magnification of not less than 200X on a suitably etched metallographic specimen. 3.5.1.3.1 The microstructure shall consist of primary alpha phase in a matrix o
30、f aged beta. An unbroken, continuous alpha phase network along prior beta phase grain boundaries is not acceptable unless purchaser and producer have agreed that such phase is acceptable and tensile and fracture toughness properties are met. 3.5.1.3.2 There shall be no evidence of rejectable beta fl
31、ecks (See 8.2.2). A rejectable beta fleck exhibits no primary alpha in a 0.030 inch by 0.030 inch or equivalent area. 3.5.1.4 Surface Contamination Except as specified in 3.5.1.4.2, forgings shall be free of any oxygen-rich layer (See 8.3), such as alpha case, or other surface contamination, determi
32、ned by microscopic examination at not lower than 400X magnification or other method acceptable to purchaser. 3.5.1.4.1 A surface hardness more than 40 points higher than the subsurface hardness, determined in accordance with ASTM E384 on the Knoop scale using a 200 gram load, shall be evidence of un
33、acceptable surface contamination. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4987E Page 5 of 8 3.5.1.4.2 When permitted by purchaser, forgings to be machined all over may have an oxygen-rich layer provided such layer is removable within the machining allowance on the forging. 3.5.2 Forging Stock When a sample of stock is
34、 forged to a test coupon having a degree of mechanical working not greater than the forging and heat treated as in 3.4, specimens taken from the heat treated coupon shall conform to the requirements of 3.5.1.1. If specimens taken from the stock after heat treatment as in 3.4 conform to the requireme
35、nts of 3.5.1.1, the tests shall be accepted as equivalent to tests of a forged coupon. 3.6 Quality The product, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign material and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the product. 3.6.1 Grain flow of d
36、ie forgings, except in areas that contain flash line end grain, shall follow the general contour of the forgings showing no evidence of reentrant grain flow. 3.7 Production, distribution, and procurement of metal stock shall comply with AS6279. This requirement becomes effective June 01, 2016. 4. QU
37、ALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The producer of the product shall supply all samples for producers tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to
38、 ensure that the product conforms to specified requirements. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests Composition (3.1), tensile properties (3.5.1.1), fracture toughness (3.5.1.2), microstructure (3.5.1.3), surface contamination (3.5.1.5), and beta-transus temperature (3.4.1.2) are accepta
39、nce tests and shall be performed on each heat or lot as applicable. 4.2.2 Periodic Tests Grain flow of die forgings (3.6.1) and tests of forging stock to meet required properties (3.5.2) are periodic tests and shall be performed at a frequency selected by the producer unless frequency of testing is
40、specified by purchaser. 4.3 Sampling and Testing Shall be not less than the following; a lot shall be all forgings of the same nominal size and configuration, from the same heat, processed at the same time under the same fixed conditions, and presented for producers inspection at one time. 4.3.1 For
41、 Acceptance Tests 4.3.1.1 Composition One sample from each ingot except that for hydrogen determinations one sample from each lot, obtained after thermal and chemical processing is completed. 4.3.1.2 Tensile and Fracture Toughness Properties 4.3.1.2.1 Two samples from a forging or forging prolongati
42、ons from each lot, sufficient to provide two test specimens for each property to be measured. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4987E Page 6 of 8 4.3.1.2.2 Location and orientation of tensile and fracture toughness specimens shall be as agreed upon by purchaser and producer. If not defined by purchaser, producer
43、 shall select test specimens from the heaviest section and shall select orientation in the following order of preference: transverse or longitudinal for tensile specimens and S-T, T-L, or L-T in accordance with ASTM E399 for fracture toughness specimens. 4.3.1.2.3 If a KQ value is invalid solely on
44、the basis of either W-a is less than 2.5 (KQ/TYS)2or Pmax/PQ is greater than 1.10 and the thickest possible specimen has been used, the KQ value may be used as KICto satisfy the requirements of 3.5.1.2. KQ values invalid on the basis of criteria other than listed above (e.g., crack front curvature,
45、etc.) shall not be used, but an additional specimen shall be tested for each of these invalid specimens. 4.3.1.2.4 Where sufficient material does not exist for retest of the forging having invalid results, the retest may be performed from another forging from the same lot. 4.3.1.3 Microstructure and
46、 Surface Contamination One or more samples from each lot. Microstructural evaluations may be taken from any convenient location outside the machined part envelope for surface examination and from broken test specimens for general microstructure. 4.3.1.4 Beta Transus Determination One sample each fro
47、m the top and bottom of an ingot produced from a heat or one sample from each lot except that any lot comprising a full ingot shall be sampled on the top and bottom of the ingot. 4.3.1.5 Photographs of the macrostructure and grain flow pattern shall be provided to purchaser. 4.4 Reports 4.4.1 The pr
48、oducer shall furnish with each shipment a report showing producer identity, country where the metal was melted (e.g., final melt in the case of metal processed by multiple melting operations, the results of tests for composition and beta transus temperature of each heat and for hydrogen content, ten
49、sile and fracture toughness properties, micrographs of microstructure, and results of surface contamination examination, as applicable, of each lot and state that the product conforms to the other technical requirements. This report shall include the purchase order number, heat and lot numbers, AMS4987E, mill produced size or part number (if applicable), quantity, heat-treat cycle, and the size and melt source of
