1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules providHWKDW7KLVUHSRUWLVSXEOLVKHGE6$(WRDGYDQFHWKHVWDWHRIWHFKQ LFDODQGHQJLQHHULQJVFLHQFHV7KHXVHRIWKLVUHSRUWL sentirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising thereIURPLVWKHVROHUHVSRQVLELOLW
2、RIWKHXVHUSAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2016 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
3、a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA)Fax: 724-776-0790Email: Cus
4、tomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visithttp:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS4999AAEROSPACEMATERIAL SPECIFICATIONAMS4999REV. AIssued 2002-02Revised 2011-09Reaffirmed 2016-09Superseding AMS4999Titanium Al
5、loy Direct Deposited Products6Al - 4VAnnealedRATIONALEAMS4999A has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE five-year review policy.1. SCOPE 1.1 Form This specification covers metal products fabricated by direct metal deposition. 1.2 Application This product has been used typically for machining and f
6、orging preforms in applications that require static mechanical properties similar to wrought mill and recrystallized annealed products, but usage is not limited to such applications. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part
7、 of this specification to the extent specified herein. The vendor may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document s
8、hall apply. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.AMS2249 Chemical Check Analysis Limits, Titanium and Titanium Alloys AMS2631 Titanium and Titaniu
9、m Alloy Bar and Billet, Ultrasonic Inspection AMS2750 Pyrometry AMS4911 Titanium Alloy, Sheet, Strip, and Plate, 6Al 4V, Annealed AMS4928 Titanium Alloy Bars, Wire, Forgings, Rings, and Drawn Shapes, 6Al - 4V, Annealed AMS4992 Castings, Structural Investment, Titanium Alloy 6Al 4V Hot Isostatically
10、Pressed AMS4998 Titanium Alloy Powder, 6Al 4V AMS6945 Titanium Alloy, Single Melt, Sheet, Strip, and Plate, 6Al - 4V, Annealed 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org.ASTM E 8 / E
11、8M Tension Testing of Metallic Materials ASTM E 399 Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials ASTM E 539 Linear-Elastic X-Ray Emission Spectrometric Analysis of 6AI-4V Titanium Alloy ASTM E 606 Strain-Controlled Fatigue Testing ASTM E 1304 Plane-Strain (Chevron-Notch) Fracture Toughness
12、of Metallic Materials ASTM E 1409 Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion TechniqueASTM E 1447 Determination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Thermal Conductivity/Infrared Detection Method ASTM E 1742 Radiographi
13、c Examination ASTM E 1941 Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion Analysis ASTM E 2371 Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Atomic Emission Plasma Spectrometry 2.3 AWS Publications Available from American Welding Society, 550 N. W. LeJune Road,
14、 Miami, FL 33126, www.aws.org.AWS A5.16 Titanium and Titanium-Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Composition Shall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1; carbon shall be determined in accordance with ASTM E 1941, hydrogen in accordance with ASTM E 1447, o
15、xygen and nitrogen in accordance with ASTM E 1409, and other elements in accordance with ASTM E 539 or ASTM E 2371. Other analytical methods may be used if acceptable to the purchaser. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4999A Page 2 of 12_TABLE 1 - COMPOSITION Element min maxAluminum 5.50 6.75Vanadium 3.50 4.50Ir
16、on - 0.30Oxygen - 0.20Carbon - 0.10Nitrogen - 0.05 (500 ppm) Hydrogen - 0.015 (150 ppm) Yttrium (3.1.1) - 0.005 ( 50 ppm) Other Elements, each (3.1.1) - 0.10 Other Elements, total (3.1.1) - 0.40 Titanium remainder 3.1.1 Determination not required for routine acceptance. 3.1.2 Check Analysis Composit
17、ion variations shall meet the applicable requirements of AMS2249. 3.2 Processing 3.2.1 Feedstock The feedstock for the direct metal deposition process shall be either wire conforming to AWS A5.16 ERTi-5 (Al content up to 7.5% is allowed, and a minimum of 1400 ppm oxygen), or powder conforming to AMS
18、4998 except that powder compaction and evaluation provisions do not apply, and the minimum oxygen content shall be 1400 ppm. 3.2.1.1 The feedstock shall be free from inclusions, impurities, and the chemistry of the feedstock shall be adequate to yield, after processing, the final material chemistry
19、outlined in Table 1. 3.3 Deposition Practice 3.3.1 Deposition shall be conducted in an atmosphere of vacuum or in argon and/or helium. The oxygen content shall not exceed 1200 ppm (equivalent) at any time during the deposition operation. The oxygen content shall be dynamically monitored throughout t
20、he deposition operation. Sufficient energy shall be present to completely fuse the deposit with the substrate and/or previous and adjacent passes. 3.3.2 Feedstock shall be deposited on a target plate conforming to AMS4911, AMS4928, AMS4992, or AMS6945. 3.4 Condition Annealed.3.5 Thermal Processing D
21、irect metal deposited products shall be annealed using one or a combination of the following thermal cycles. Intermediate stress relief treatments shall be performed at temperatures below 1025 F (550 C) if further deposition is to be performed. Intermediate stress relief treatments shall be performe
22、d at temperatures below 1225 F (663 C) if no further deposition is to be performed. Pyrometry shall be in accordance with AMS2750. 3.5.1 Hot Isostatic Pressing Process at not less than 14.5 ksi (100 MPa) within the range 1650 to 1750 F (899 to 954 C), hold at the selected temperature within 25 F (14
23、 C) for 2 to 4 hours, and cool under inert atmosphere in the autoclave to below 800 F (427 C). SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4999A Page 3 of 12_3.5.2 Furnace Anneal Process direct metal deposited products by heating under vacuum or in argon and/or helium to a temperature within the range of 1650 to 1700 F (8
24、99 to 927 C), holding at the selected temperature within 25 F (14 C) for 2 to 4 hours and gas cool to below 800 F (427 C) using argon and/or helium. 3.5.2.1 Heat treatment may be performed in air provided the oxygen and nitrogen contaminated region is fully removed chemically or by machining. 3.5.3
25、Following processing to 3.5.1 and/or 3.5.2, parts shall be aged by heating the product to 1000 F 25 (538 C 14) for 4 hours 0.25 in an inert, vacuum or air atmosphere followed by an air or furnace cool. 3.6 Properties The product shall conform to the following requirements: 3.6.1 Tensile Properties S
26、hall be as specified in Table 2, determined in accordance with ASTM E 8 / E 8M on specimens as in 4.3.1.2 with the rate of strain set at 0.005 inch/inch/minute (0.005 mm/mm/minute) and maintained within a tolerance of 0.002 inch/inch/minute (0.002 mm/mm/minute) through the 0.2% offset yield strain.
27、Tensile property requirements must be met within the direct metal deposit and across the direct metal deposit/substrate interface. TABLE 2A - MINIMUM TENSILE PROPERTIES, INCH/POUND UNITS Nominal Diameteror Least Distance Between Parallel SidesInchesTensileStrengthksiX and Y DirectionsTensileStrength
28、ksiZDirectionYield Strength At 0.2% OffsetksiX and Y DirectionsYield Strength At 0.2% Offset ksiZDirectionElongation in2 Inches or 4D%X and Y DirectionsElongation in 2 Inches or 4D%ZDirectionUp to 6.000, incl 129 124 116 111 6 5TABLE 2B - MINIMUM TENSILE PROPERTIES, SI UNITS Nominal Diameteror Least
29、 Distance Between Parallel SidesMillimetersTensileStrengthMPaX and Y DirectionsTensileStrengthMPaZDirectionYield Strength At 0.2% Offset MPaX and Y DirectionsYield Strength At 0.2% Offset MPaZDirectionElongation in2 Inches or 4D%X and Y DirectionsElongation in 2 Inches or 4D%ZDirectionUp to152.4, in
30、cl 889 855 799 765 6 53.6.1.1 Specimen orientation is defined in Figure 1. When specified by purchaser, the tensile specimen oriented in the “Z” direction shall include the substrate-to-deposit interface. FIGURE 1 - SPECIMEN ORIENTATION SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4999A Page 4 of 12_3.6.2 Microstructure Sh
31、all be a transformed structure of acicular alpha in a beta matrix in the deposit and heat affected zone. 3.6.2.1 Columnar grain structure in the deposit area is acceptable if the mechanical properties in Table 2 are met. 3.6.3 Surface Contamination Alpha case, or other surface contamination, is acce
32、ptable for preforms to be machined all over provided such layer is removable within the machining allowance on the preform. 3.6.4 Fracture Toughness Shall be a minimum KIVM of 75 ksi-in when tested in accordance with ASTM E 1304, or a minimum KIc of 60 ksi-in when tested in accordance with ASTM E 39
33、9. 3.7 Quality The product, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials, imperfections, and porosity detrimental to usage of the product. 3.7.1 Deposits, including the substrate, 0.500 to 4.0 inches (6.25 to 102 mm), exclusive, in the Z
34、 direction, shall be ultrasonically inspected in accordance with AMS2631, shall meet Class A1 requirements to AMS2631.3.7.2 Deposits 0.500 to 4.0 inches (6.25 to 102 mm), exclusive, in the Z direction, shall be ultrasonically inspected in accordance with AMS2631, shall meet Class A1 requirements to
35、AMS2631. 3.7.3 Deposits 4.0 to 6.0 inches (102 to 152 mm), inclusive, in the Z direction, shall be ultrasonically inspected in accordance with AMS2631, shall meet Class A requirements to AMS2631. 3.7.4 Deposits, after intermediate or finish machining, shall be radiographically inspected in accordanc
36、e with ASTM E 1742, shall be meet the requirements of Table 3. TABLE 3 - RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA Imperfection Acceptance CriteriaSubsurface Porosity and Inclusions Individual Size, Maximum 0.33T or 0.060 inch (1.52 mm), whichever is less Subsurface Porosity and Inclusions Spacing
37、, Maximum 4 times the size of the larger adjacent imperfection Subsurface Porosity and Inclusions Accumulated Length in any 3 inches (76.2 mm) of Deposit1.33T or 0.24 inch (6.10 mm), whichever is less. Incomplete Fusion None allowed Cracks None allowedT is the thickness of the machined part detail 3
38、.8 Tolerances 3.8.1 Machining Preforms Machining and hybrid preforms shall have a minimum allowance of +0.030 inch (0.76 mm) for machining to the desired net shape. Forging preforms shall have an allowance agreed to by the vendor and purchaser. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4999A Page 5 of 12_3.8.2 Net Shape
39、 Features Shall have tolerances mutually agreed to by the vendor and purchaser. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The vendor of the product shall supply all samples for vendors test and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves
40、 the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the product conforms to specified requirements. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests The following requirements are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each direct metal deposition produ
41、ction run as applicable (See 8.3). 4.2.1.1 Composition (3.1) of each direct metal deposition production run. 4.2.1.2 Tensile properties (3.6.1), microstructure (3.6.2), and surface contamination (3.6.3) of each direct metal deposition production run. 4.2.1.3 Fracture toughness (3.6.4) of each prefor
42、m, when specified by purchaser 4.2.1.4 Ultrasonic quality (3.7) of the deposit in each preform 4.2.1.5 Radiographic quality (3.7) of the deposit in each preform 4.2.1.6 Tolerances (3.8) of each preform. 4.3 Sampling and Testing Shall be in accordance with the following (See 8.3.1 for production run
43、definition): 4.3.1 For Acceptance Tests 4.3.1.1 Composition One sample from each direct metal deposition production run, except that for hydrogen and oxygen determinations one sample from each run obtained after thermal and chemical processing is completed. 4.3.1.2 Mechanical Properties Unless other
44、wise specified, at least one specimen in both the X and Z directions shall be tested from each run. When specified by purchaser, one fracture toughness specimen of orientation specified by the purchaser shall be tested 4.3.1.3 Microstructure and Surface Contamination At least one sample from each di
45、rect metal deposition production run. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4999A Page 6 of 12_4.3.1.4 Ultrasonic Quality Complete inspection of deposit in the Z-direction on each perform. Note that this may be postponed until after machining when agreed to by vendor and purchaser. This shall be performed prior to a
46、ny hot isostatic pressing. 4.3.1.5 Radiographic Quality 4.3.1.5.1 All preproduction and qualification articles after intermediate or final machining. This shall be performed prior to any hot isostatic pressing.4.3.1.5.2 First five production lots after intermediate or final machining.4.3.1.5.3 Five
47、production lots after radiographic failure and corrective action.4.3.1.5.4 Five production lots after any change in the fixed process 4.4 Reports The vendor of direct metal deposited products shall furnish with each shipment a report showing the results of tests for composition for each direct metal depos
