1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report isentirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefr
2、om, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2012 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this public
3、ation may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outs
4、ide USA)Fax: 724-776-0790Email: CustomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visithttp:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS5412AAEROSPACEMATERIALSPECIFICATIONAMS5412 REV. AIssued 1990-07Reaffirmed 2007-09Revised 20
5、12-04Superseding AMS5412Steel Castings, Vacuum Melted, Vacuum Cast, Investment, Corrosion-Resistant13Cr - 8.0Ni - 2.2Mo - 1.1Al(195 ksi (1344 MPa) Tensile Strength (Condition H1000)Homogenized, Solution, and Precipitation Heat Treated(Composition similar to UNS N13800)RATIONALEAMS5412A updates refer
6、enced standards, clarifies that separately cast specimens are the default for master heat qualification (3.4.2), revises pre-production requirements to allow integrally-cast specimens when permitted by purchaser (3.8.2), revises acceptance tests (4.2.1) and approval requirements (4.4.2), and results
7、 from a Five Year Review and update of this specification.1. SCOPE1.1 FormThis specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of investment castings.1.2 ApplicationPrimarily for parts requiring corrosion resistance and strength up to 600 F (316 C).2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTSThe issue of th
8、e following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no supe
9、rseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply.SAE AMS5412A Page 2 of 82.1 SAE PublicationsAvailable from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae
10、.org.AMS2175 Castings, Classification and Inspection ofAMS2635 Radiographic InspectionAMS2640 Magnetic Particle InspectionAMS2645 Fluorescent Penetrant InspectionAMS2694 In-Process Welding of CastingsAMS2759 Heat Treatment of Steel Parts, General RequirementsAMS2804 Identification, CastingsAMS-H-687
11、5 Heat Treatment of Steel Raw Materials2.2 ASTM PublicationsAvailable from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.og.ASTM A370 Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsASTM E192 Reference Radiographs of Investment Steel Cast
12、ings of Aerospace ApplicationsASTM E353 Chemical Analysis of Stainless, Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloys3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS3.1 CompositionShall conform to the following percentages by weight shown in Table 1, determined by wet chemical methods in accordan
13、ce with ASTM E353, by spectrochemical methods, or by other analytical methods acceptable to purchaser:TABLE 1 - COMPOSITIONElement min maxCarbon - 0.05Manganese - 0.15Silicon - 0.10Phosphorus - 0.010Sulfur - 0.008Chromium 12.25 13.25Nickel 7.50 8.50Molybdenum 2.00 2.50Aluminum 0.90 1.35Nitrogen - 0.
14、010SAE AMS5412A Page 3 of 83.2 ConditionHomogenized, solution heat treated, refrigerated, and precipitation heat treated.3.3 Casting3.3.1 The metal for castings shall be melted and poured under vacuum without loss of vacuum between melting and pouring. When permitted by purchaser, high purity argon
15、may be used in lieu of vacuum for pouring of castings but not for the melting operation.3.3.2 Castings shall be poured either from remelted metal from a master heat or directly from a master heat. In either case, metal for casting shall be qualified as in 3.4.3.3.3 A master heat is refined metal of
16、a single furnace charge, melted and cast into ingots under vacuum. Gates, sprues, riser, and rejected castings shall be used only in preparation of master heats; they shall not be remelted directly, without refining, for pouring of castings.3.3.4 Unless prohibited by purchaser, metal from two or mor
17、e master heats may be blended provided that the composition of each master heat to be blended is within the limits of 3.1 and that the total weight of metal blended does not exceed 15 000 pounds (6804 kg). When two or more master heats are blended, the resultant blend shall be considered a master he
18、at.3.4 Master Heat QualificationEach master heat shall be qualified by evaluation of chemical analysis and tensile specimens conforming to 3.4.1 and 3.4.2, respectively. A master heat may be considered conditionally qualified if vendors test results show conformance to all applicable requirements of
19、 this specification. However, except when purchaser waives confirmatory testing, final qualification shall be based on purchasers test results. Conditional qualification of a master heat shall not be construed as a guarantee of acceptance of castings poured from the master heat.3.4.1 Chemical Analys
20、is SpecimensShall be of any convenient size, shape, and form.3.4.2 Tensile SpecimensSeparately cast specimens shall be cast from remelted metal from each master heat, except that when castings are poured directly from a master heat the specimens shall also be poured directly from the master heat. Sp
21、ecimens shall be of standard proportions in accordance with ASTM A370 with 0.250 inch (6.35 mm) diameter at the reduced parallel gagesection. They shall be cast to size or shall be cast oversize and subsequently machined to 0.250 inch (6.35 mm) diameter. Center gating may be used.3.4.2.1 Integrally-
22、cast coupons (See 8.3.1) or specimens excised from the body of a cast part may be used forevaluating acceptance of the master heat in lieu of separately-cast specimens.3.5 Part Acceptance Test CouponsFor cast part acceptance, specimens excised from the body of a cast part shall be used. Integrally-c
23、ast coupons shall be used when specified on the engineering drawing. Separately-cast tensile specimens are to be used only when permitted and specified by purchaser. Specimen proportions shall be in accordance with ASTM A370 and the largest size possible shall be used. Specimens excised from the bod
24、y of a cast part are preferred and take precedence over other test specimens.SAE AMS5412A Page 4 of 83.6 Heat TreatmentCastings and representative separately-cast or integrally-cast tensile specimens shall be heat treated together as follows; all thermal treatments above 1200 F (649 C) shall be perf
25、ormed in a protective atmosphere of vacuum, argon, or equivalent. Heat treating equipment shall conform to AMS2759 or AMS-H-6875.3.6.1 HomogenizationHeat to 2100 F 25 (1149 C 14), hold at heat for 60 minutes per inch (25 mm) maximum cross-section but not less than 90 minutes, and force air cool to r
26、oom temperature.3.6.2 SolutionHeat to 1700 F 25 (927 C 14), hold at heat for 60 minutes per inch (25 mm) of maximum cross-section but not less than 30 minutes, and cool to below 90 F (32 C) at a rate equivalent to an air cool or faster. Below 1200 F (649 C), a rapid air cool is acceptable.3.6.3 Refr
27、igerationCool to 60 F (16 C) or lower, hold at temperature for not less than 30 minutes, and warm in air (See 8.2).3.6.4 PrecipitationHeat to 1000 F 10 (538 C 6), hold at heat for not less than 4 hours, and cool in air to room temperature.3.7 PropertiesSpecimens removed from castings, including firs
28、t article preproduction, integrally-cast coupons, and separately-cast specimens shall conform to the following requirements: hardness and tensile testing shall be performed in accordance withASTM A370.3.7.1 Tensile PropertiesShall be as shown in Table 2.TABLE 2 - TENSILE PROPERTIESProperty ValueTens
29、ile Strength 195 to 215 ksi (1345 to 1482 MPa)Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset, minimum 180 ksi (1241 MPa)Elongation in 4D, minimum 5%Reduction of area, minimum 20%3.7.2 HardnessCastings shall be 42 to 46 HRC, or equivalent, but castings shall not be rejected on the basis of hardness if the tensile pro
30、perty requirements of 3.7.1 are met.3.8 Quality3.8.1 Castings, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the castings.3.8.1.1 Castings shall have smooth surfaces and shall be well cleaned
31、. Metallic shot or grit shall not be used for final cleaning.SAE AMS5412A Page 5 of 83.8.2 PreproductionPrior to production, non-destructive test inspection and mechanical property control shall be established. Castings shall be examined by non-destructive test inspection methods to ensure the requi
32、red integrity (See 3.8.3.2 and 3.8.3.3). In addition, tensile specimens removed from the full size casting, or from integrally cast specimens when permitted by the purchaser,shall be tested for conformance to the required mechanical properties. After the foundry practice has been established, the pr
33、oduction methods shall not be changed without requalification by the same test procedures.3.8.3 Production Castings3.8.3.1 Castings shall be subjected to 100% radiographic inspection in accordance with AMS2635. When permitted by purchaser, a radiographic sampling plan may be used after a proper foun
34、dry technique has been established, which will produce castings free from harmful internal imperfections. This plan shall be established for each part number of the production castings as necessary to ensure maintenance of satisfactory quality.3.8.3.2 Each casting shall be subjected to 100% magnetic
35、 particle inspection in accordance with AMS2640, to 100% fluorescent penetrant inspection in accordance with AMS2645, or to both as specified by purchaser. If neither is specified, the producer may select either.3.8.3.3 Radiographic, magnetic particle, fluorescent penetrant, and other quality standa
36、rds shall be as agreed upon by purchaser and vendor. Imperfections revealed by radiographic inspection shall be compared to the ASTM E192 reference radiographs for a particular imperfection. Acceptance shall be made in accordance with the acceptance standards specified on the engineering drawing. Wh
37、en no acceptance standards are specified, Grade C, as defined by AMS2175, shall apply to all areas.3.8.4 Castings shall not be repaired by peening, plugging, welding, or other methods without written permission from purchaser.3.8.4.1 When permitted in writing by purchaser, in-process welding in acco
38、rdance with AMS2694 may be used.4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS4.1 Responsibility for InspectionThe vendor of castings shall supply all samples for vendors tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory
39、 testing deemed necessary to ensure that the castings conform to specified requirements.4.2 Classification of Tests4.2.1 Acceptance TestsTests for all technical requirements are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each master heat or lot as applicable.4.2.2 Preproduction TestsAll technical re
40、quirements are preproduction tests (See 3.8.2) and shall be performed prior to or on the first-article shipment of a casting to a purchaser, when a change in material and/or processing requires reapproval as in 4.4.2, and when purchaser deems confirmatory testing to be required.4.3 Sampling and Test
41、ingShall be in accordance with the following; a lot shall be all castings of the same part number poured from the same master heat, heat treated in a single heat treat batch, and presented for vendors inspection at one time. Other sampling plans may be established as agreed upon by purchaser and ven
42、dor and approved in writing.SAE AMS5412A Page 6 of 84.3.1 One or more chemical analysis specimens in accordance with 3.4.1 from each master heat or a casting from each lot.4.3.2 Three or more integrally-cast coupons representing each lot when specified by purchaser or three or more separately-cast c
43、oupons when permitted and specified by purchaser.4.3.3 Two preproduction castings in accordance with 4.4.1.4.3.4 One or more castings from each lot or other approved sampling plan unless properties from integrally-cast coupons are permitted and specified. Size, location, and number of specimens shal
44、l be as specified on the engineering drawing or as agreed upon by purchaser and vendor. When the location and number of test specimens are not specified, not less than four tensile specimens, two representing the thickest section and two representing the thinnest section, shall be tested from a cast
45、ing or castings from each lot.4.4 Approval4.4.1 Sample castings from new or reworked master patterns and the casting procedure shall be approved by purchaser before castings for production use are supplied, unless such approval be waived by purchaser.4.4.2 Vendor shall establish, separately for tens
46、ile specimens used for master heat qualification and for production of sample castings of each part number, parameters for the process control factors which will produce tensile specimens meeting the requirements of 3.7 and castings meeting the requirements of 3.8; these shall constitute the approve
47、d casting procedures and shall be used for producing subsequent master heat qualification specimens and production castings. If necessary to make any change in parameters for the process control factors, vendor shall submit for reapproval a statement of the proposed changes in processing and, when r
48、equested, sample castings, test specimens, or both. Production castings incorporating the revised operations shall not be shippedprior to receipt of reapproval.4.4.2.1 Control factors for producing tensile specimens and castings include, but are not limited to, the following:Type of furnace and its
49、capacityType and size of furnace chargeVacuum levelMold refractory formulationMold back-up materialMold dimensionsGating practicesMold preheat and metal pouring temperatures; variations of 25 F (14 C) from established limits are permissibleSolidification and cooling proceduresHeat treatment cyclesCleaning operationsMethods of inspection.4.4.2.1.1 Any of the above process control factors for which parame
