1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2016 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publi
3、cation may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (out
4、side USA)Fax: 724-776-0790Email: CustomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visithttp:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS6413MAEROSPACEMATERIAL SPECIFICATIONAMS6413 REV. MIssued 1942-12Revised 2016-01Superseding
5、 AMS6413LSteel, Mechanical Tubing0.80Cr - 1.8Ni - 0.25Mo (0.35 - 0.40C) (4337)(Composition similar to UNS G43370)RATIONALEAMS6413M is a Five Year Review and update of this specification that revises macrostructure, grain size, decarburizationtesting methods and reporting.1. SCOPE1.1 Form This specif
6、ication covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of mechanical tubing.1.2 Application This product has been used typically for parts, 0.875 inch (22.22 mm) and under in section thickness at time of heat treatment, requiring a through-hardening steel capable of developing hardness as h
7、igh as 50 HRC, and also parts of greater thickness but requiring proportionately lower hardness, but usage is not limited to such applications.2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTSThe issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent spec
8、ified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply.2.1 SAE Publications Availab
9、le from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.AMS2253 Tolerances, Carbon and Alloy Steel TubingAMS2259 Chemical Check Analysis Limits, Wrought Low-Alloy and Carbon SteelsAMS2301 St
10、eel Cleanliness, Aircraft Quality Magnetic Particle Inspection ProcedureAMS2370 Quality Assurance Sampling and Testing, Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Wrought Products and Forging StockSAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6413M Page 2 of 6AMS2806 Identification Bars, Wire, Mechanical Tubing, and Extrusions, Carbon and
11、Alloy Steels and Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steels and AlloysAS1182 Standard Stock Removal Allowance Aircraft-Quality and Premium Aircraft-Quality Steel Bars and Mechanical Tubing2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19
12、428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org.ASTM A255 Determining Hardenability of SteelASTM A370 Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsASTM E112 Determining Average Grain SizeASTM E350 Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought IronASTM E381 Ma
13、croetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and ForgingsASTM E384 Knoop and Vickers Hardness of Materials3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Composition Shall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1, determined by wet chemical methods in accordance with ASTM E350, by spectrochemical methods
14、, or by other analytical methods acceptable to purchaser.Table 1 - CompositionElement min maxCarbon 0.35 0.40Manganese 0.65 0.85Silicon 0.15 0.35Phosphorus - 0.025Sulfur - 0.025Chromium 0.70 0.90Nickel 1.65 2.00Molybdenum 0.20 0.30Copper - 0.353.1.1 Aluminum, vanadium and columbium are optional grai
15、n refining elements and need not be determined or reported unless used to satisfy the average grain size requirements of 3.3.2.2.3.1.2 Check AnalysisComposition variations shall meet the applicable requirements of AMS2259.3.2 Condition Cold finished, unless otherwise ordered, having hardness not hig
16、her than 25 HRC, or equivalent (see 8.2). Tubing ordered hot finished and annealed shall have hardness not higher than 99 HRB, or equivalent (see 8.2). Hardness shall be determined in accordance with ASTM A370.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6413M Page 3 of 63.3 Properties Tubing shall conform to the following
17、 requirements; hardness testing shall be performed in accordance with ASTM A370:3.3.1 MacrostructureVisual examination of transverse full cross-sections from billets or tube rounds, etched in hot hydrochloric acid in accordance with ASTM E381, shall show no pipe or cracks. Porosity, segregation, inc
18、lusions, and other imperfections shall be no worse than the macrographs of ASTM E381 shown in Table 2.Table 2 - Macrostructure limitsSection SizeSquare InchesSection SizeSquare Centimeters MacrographsUp to 36, incl Up to 232, incl S2 - R1 - C2Over 36 to 133, incl Over 232 to 858, incl S2 - R2 - C3Ov
19、er 133 Over 858 Note 1Note 1: Limits for larger sizes shall be agreed upon by purchaser and producer. The purchaser shall have written approval of the agreement from the cognizant engineering organization.3.3.2 Average Grain SizeAverage grain size shall be determined by either 3.3.2.1 or 3.3.2.2.3.3
20、.2.1 Shall be ASTM No. 5 or finer, determined in accordance with ASTM E112.3.3.2.2 The product of a heat shall be considered to have an ASTM No. 5 or finer austenitic grain size if one or more of the following are determined by heat analysis (see 8.5):3.3.2.2.1 A total aluminum content of 0.020 to 0
21、.050%.3.3.2.2.2 An acid soluble aluminum content of 0.015 to 0.050%.3.3.2.2.3 A vanadium content of 0.02 to 0.08%.3.3.2.2.4 A columbium content of 0.02 to 0.05%.3.3.3 HardenabilityShall be J 10/16 inch (15.9 mm) = 50 HRC minimum and J 18/16 inch (28.6 mm) = 18 HRC minimum, determined on the standard
22、 end-quench test specimen in accordance with ASTM A255 except that the steel shall be normalized at 1,700 F 10 F (927 C 6 C) and the test specimen austenitized at 1,500 F 10 F (816 C 6 C).3.3.4 Decarburization 3.3.4.1 Tubing ordered ground, turned, or polished shall be free from decarburization on t
23、he ground, turned, or polished surfaces. Decarburization on tubing ID shall not exceed the maximum depth specified in Table 3.3.3.4.2 Allowable decarburization of pierced billets, of tube rounds and tubing for redrawing or forging, or of tubing ordered to specified microstructural requirements shall
24、 be as agreed upon by purchaser and producer.3.3.4.3 Decarburization of tubing that 3.3.4.1 or 3.3.4.2 is not applicable shall be not greater than shown in Table 3.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6413M Page 4 of 6Table 3A - Maximum total depth of decarburization, inch/pound unitsNominal Wall ThicknessInchesTot
25、al Depth ofDecarburization Inch IDTotal Depth ofDecarburization Inch ODUp to 0.109, incl 0.008 0.015Over 0.109 to 0.203, incl 0.010 0.020Over 0.203 to 0.400, incl 0.012 0.025Over 0.400 to 0.600, incl 0.015 0.030Over 0.600 to 1.000, incl 0.017 0.035Over 1.000 0.020 0.040Table 3B - Maximum total depth
26、 of decarburization, SI unitsNominal Wall ThicknessMillimetersTotal Depth ofDecarburizationMillimeters IDTotal Depth ofDecarburizationMillimeters ODUp to 2.77, incl 0.20 0.38Over 2.77 to 5.16, incl 0.25 0.51Over 5.16 to 10.16, incl 0.30 0.64Over 10.16 to 15.24, incl 0.38 0.76Over 15.24 to 25.40, inc
27、l 0.43 0.89Over 25.40 0.51 1.023.3.4.4 Decarburization shall be evaluated by one of the two methods of 3.3.4.4.1 or 3.3.4.4.2.3.3.4.4.1 Metallographic MethodA cross section taken perpendicular to the surface shall be prepared, etched, and visually examined metallographically at a magnification not t
28、o exceed 100X. The product shall not show a layer of complete (ferrite) or partial decarburization exceeding the limits of Table 3.3.3.4.4.2 Hardness Traverse Method The total depth of decarburization shall be determined by a traverse method using microhardness testing in accordance with ASTM E384,
29、at a magnification not exceeding 100X, conducted on a hardened but untempered specimen protected during heat treatment to prevent changes in surface carbon content. Tempering is generally not recommended, but if tempered, the tempering temperature shall be not higher than 300 F (149 C). Depth of dec
30、arburization is defined as the perpendicular distance from the surface to the depth under that surface where there is not further increase in hardness. Such measurements shall be far enough away from any adjacent surface to be uninfluenced by any decarburization on the adjacent surface. Acceptance s
31、hall be as listed in Table 3.3.3.4.4.3 When determining the depth of decarburization, it is permissible to disregard local areas provided the decarburization of such areas does not exceed the limits of Table 3 by more than 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) and the width is 0.065 inch (1.65 mm) or less.3.3.4.4.4
32、In case of dispute, the total depth of decarburization determined using the microhardness traverse method shall govern.3.4 Quality Tubing, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the tu
33、bing.3.4.1 Steel shall be aircraft-quality conforming to AMS2301.3.4.2 Mechanical tubing ordered hot rolled or cold drawn, or ground, turned, or polished shall, after removal of the standard stock removal allowance in accordance with AS1182, be free from seams, laps, tears, and cracks open to the ma
34、chined, ground, turned, or polished surface.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6413M Page 5 of 63.5 Tolerances Shall conform to all applicable requirements of AMS2253.4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The producer of the tubing shall supply all samples for producers tests and shall
35、 be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the tubing conforms to specified requirements. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance TestsComposition (3.1), hardness (3.2)
36、, macrostructure (3.3.1) average grain size (3.3.2), hardenability (3.3.3), decarburization (3.3.4), frequency and severity (3.4.1) and tolerances (3.5) are classified as acceptance tests and shall be performed on each heat or lot as applicable. If grain refining elements (3.3.2.2) are not present,
37、the ASTM E112 grain size test (3.3.2.1) shall be conducted on each lot.4.2.2 Periodic TestsIf grain refining elements (3.3.2.2) are present, the ASTM E112 grain size test (3.3.2.1) shall be conducted on a periodic basis and shall be performed at a frequency selected by the producer (not to exceed on
38、e year) unless frequency of testing is specified by purchaser.4.3 Sampling and Testing Shall be in accordance with AMS2370.4.4 Reports The producer shall furnish with each shipment a report showing producer identity, country where the metal was melted (e. g., final melt in the case of metal processe
39、d by multiple melting operations), the results of tests for composition, macrostructure, hardenability, and frequency-severity cleanliness rating of each heat and for hardness and, if measured,average grain size of each lot, and stating that the product conforms to the other technical requirements.
40、This report shall include the purchase order number, heat and lot numbers, AMS6413M, size, and quantity. If the grain size requirement of 3.3.2.2 is met by the aluminum, vanadium and/or columbium content, the aluminum, vanadium and/or columbium content shall be reported and a statement that the chem
41、istry satisfies the grain size requirement shall be included.4.5 Resampling and RetestingShall be in accordance with AMS2370.5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY 5.1 Sizes Except when exact lengths or multiples of exact lengths are ordered, tubing will be acceptable in mill lengths of 6 to 20 feet (1.8 to 6.
42、1 m), but not more than 10% of any shipment shall be supplied in lengths shorter than 10 feet (3 m).5.2 Identification Shall be in accordance with AMS2806.5.3 Protective Treatment Tubing ordered cold drawn, cold rolled, ground, turned, or polished shall be protected from corrosion prior to shipment.
43、SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6413M Page 6 of 65.4 Packaging Tubing shall be prepared for shipment in accordance with commercial practice and in compliance with applicable rules and regulations pertaining to the handling, packaging, and transportation of the tubing to ensure carrier acceptance and safe deliv
44、ery.6. ACKNOWLEDGMENT A producer shall include this specification number and its revision letter in all quotations and when acknowledging purchase orders.7. REJECTIONS Tubing not conforming to this specification, or to modifications authorized by purchaser, will be subject to rejection.8. NOTES8.1 R
45、evision IndicatorA change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of
46、the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only.8.2 Hardness conversion tables for metals are presented in ASTM E140.8.3 Terms used in AMS are clarified in ARP1917. 8.4 Dimensions and propert
47、ies in inch/pound units and the Fahrenheit temperatures are primary; dimensions and properties in SI units and the Celsius temperatures are shown as the approximate equivalents of the primary units and are presented only for information.8.5 Grain sizeThe average grain size resulting from using the a
48、ppropriate test procedures per ASTM E112 will satisfy an ASTM No. 5 or finer grain size when the elements defined in 3.3.2.2 as grain refiners are present. Many other technical societies have adopted the verification of fine grain steel based on chemistry alone: ASTM International (A6, A20, A29); Am
49、erican Society of Mechanical Engineers (SA6, SA20, SA29); American Bureau of Shipping; CSA International; EuroNorm; American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.8.6 Purchase documents should specify not less than the following:AMS6413MSize of tubing desiredQuantity of tubing desired.PREPARED BY AMS COMMITTEE “E”
