1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2015 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS6417H AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS6417 REV. H Issued 1968-11 Revised 2
5、015-07 Superseding AMS6417G Steel, Bars, Forgings, and Tubing 1.6Si - 0.82Cr - 1.8Ni - 0.40Mo - 0.08V (0.38 - 0.43C) Consumable Electrode Vacuum Remelted (Composition similar to UNS K44220) RATIONALE AMS6417H results from a Five Year Review and update of this specification and revises macrostructure
6、, decarburization, a cleanliness quality issue and reporting. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Form This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings, mechanical tubing, and forging stock. 1.2 Application These products have been used typically for parts 3.5-inches (89-
7、mm) and under in nominal cross-sectional thickness, requiring a through-hardening steel capable of developing a minimum hardness of 52 HRC, the parts being subject to rigid magnetic particle inspection standards, but usage is not limited to such applications. Except for carbon content and tensile pr
8、operties this material is similar to AMS6419. 1.2.1 Certain design and processing procedures may cause these products to become susceptible to stress-corrosion cracking after heat treatment; ARP1110 recommends practices to minimize such conditions. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following
9、documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding docu
10、ment has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6417H Page 2 of 9 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA),
11、 www.sae.org. AMS2251 Tolerances, Low-Alloy Steel Bars AMS2253 Tolerances, Carbon and Alloy Steel Tubing AMS2259 Chemical Check Analysis Limits, Wrought Low-Alloy and Carbon Steels AMS2300 Steel Cleanliness, Premium Aircraft-Quality, Magnetic Particle Inspection Procedure AMS2310 Qualification Sampl
12、ing and Testing of Steels for Transverse Tensile Properties AMS2370 Quality Assurance Sampling and Testing, Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Wrought Products and Forging Stock AMS2372 Quality Assurance Sampling and Testing, Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings AMS2806 Identification, Bars, Wire, Mechanical
13、 Tubing, and Extrusions, Carbon and Alloy Steels and Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steels and Alloys AMS2808 Identification Forgings AMS-H-6875 Heat Treatment of Steel Raw Materials AS1182 Standard Stock Removal Allowance Aircraft-Quality and Premium Aircraft-Quality Steel Bars and Mechanical Tubing
14、ARP1110 Minimizing Stress Corrosion Cracking in Wrought Forms of Steels and Corrosion Resistant Steels and Alloys 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM A370 Mechanical Tes
15、ting of Steel Products ASTM A604 Macroetch Testing of Consumable Electrode Remelted Steel Bars and Billets ASTM E112 Determining Average Grain Size ASTM E350 Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought Iron ASTM E384 Knoop and Vickers Hardnes
16、s of Materials SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6417H Page 3 of 9 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Composition Shall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1, determined by wet chemical methods in accordance with ASTM E350, by spectrochemical methods, or by other analytical methods acceptable to purch
17、aser. Table 1 - Composition Element min max Carbon 0.38 0.43 Manganese 0.60 0.90 Silicon 1.45 1.80 Phosphorus - 0.010 Sulfur - 0.010 Chromium 0.70 0.95 Nickel 1.65 2.00 Molybdenum 0.30 0.50 Vanadium 0.05 0.10 Copper - 0.35 3.1.1 Check Analysis Composition variations shall meet the applicable require
18、ments of AMS2259, except that check analysis limits for carbon shall be 0.01 under minimum or over maximum. 3.2 Melting Practice Steel shall be multiple melted using vacuum consumable electrode practice in the remelt cycle. 3.3 Condition The product shall be supplied in the following condition; hard
19、ness and tensile strength shall be determined in accordance with ASTM A370: 3.3.1 Bars Bar shall not be cut from plate. 3.3.1.1 Bars 0.500 Inch (12.70 mm) and Under in Nominal Diameter or Least Distance Between Parallel Sides Cold finished having tensile strength not higher than 149 ksi (1027 MPa) o
20、r equivalent hardness (See 8.2). 3.3.1.2 Bars Over 0.500 Inch (12.70 mm) in Nominal Diameter or Least Distance Between Parallel Sides Hot finished, annealed, or normalized and tempered having hardness not higher than 311 HB, or equivalent (See 8.3). 3.3.2 Forgings Normalized and tempered in accordan
21、ce with AMS-H-6875 having hardness not higher than 311 HB, or equivalent (See 8.3). 3.3.3 Mechanical Tubing Annealed, normalized and tempered, or cold finished having hardness not higher than 33 HRC, or equivalent (See 8.3). SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6417H Page 4 of 9 3.3.4 Forging Stock As ordered by th
22、e forging manufacturer. 3.4 Properties The product shall conform to the following requirements; hardness and tensile testing shall be performed in accordance with ASTM A370: 3.4.1 Macrostructure Visual examination of transverse full cross-sections from bars, billets, tube rounds, and forging stock,
23、etched in hot hydrochloric acid in accordance with ASTM A604, shall show no pipe or cracks. Porosity, segregation, inclusions, and other imperfections shall be no worse than the macrographs of ASTM A604 shown in Table 2. Table 2 - Macrostructure standards Class Condition Severity 1 2 3 4 Freckles Wh
24、ite Spots Radial Segregation Ring Pattern A A B B 3.4.2 Average Grain Size of Bar, Forgings, and Tubing Shall be ASTM No. 5 or finer, determined in accordance with ASTM E112. 3.4.3 Decarburization 3.4.3.1 Bars and tubing ordered ground, turned, or polished shall be free from decarburization on the g
25、round, turned, or polished surfaces. Decarburization on tubing ID shall not exceed the maximum depth specified in Table 4. 3.4.3.2 Allowable decarburization of bars, billets, and tube rounds ordered for redrawing or forging or to specified microstructural requirements shall be as agreed upon by purc
26、haser and producer. 3.4.3.3 Decarburization of bars that 3.4.3.1 or 3.4.3.2 is not applicable shall be not greater than shown in Table 3. Table 3A - Maximum total depth of decarburization, inch/pound units Nominal Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Sides Inches Total Depth of Decarburization Inch
27、 Up to 0.375, incl Over 0.375 to 0.500, incl Over 0.500 to 0.625, incl Over 0.625 to 1.000, incl Over 1.000 to 1.500, incl Over 1.500 to 2.000, incl Over 2.000 to 2.500, incl Over 2.500 to 3.000, incl Over 3.000 to 5.000, incl 0.015 0.017 0.019 0.022 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.045 SAE INTERNATIONAL A
28、MS6417H Page 5 of 9 Table 3B - Maximum total depth of decarburization, SI units Nominal Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Sides Millimeters Total Depth of Decarburization Millimeters Up to 9.52, incl Over 9.52 to 12.70, incl Over 12.70 to 15.88, incl Over 15.88 to 25.40, incl Over 25.40 to 38.10
29、, incl Over 38.10 to 50.80, incl Over 50.80 to 63.50, incl Over 63.50 to 76.20, incl Over 76.20 to 127.00, incl 0.38 0.43 0.48 0.56 0.64 0.76 0.89 1.02 1.14 3.4.3.4 Decarburization of tubing that 3.4.3.1 or 3.4.3.2 is not applicable shall be not greater than shown in Table 4. Table 4A - Maximum tota
30、l depth of decarburization, inch/pound units Nominal Wall Thickness Inches Total Depth of Decarburization Inch ID Total Depth of Decarburization Inch OD Up to 0.109, incl Over 0.109 to 0.203, incl Over 0.203 to 0.400, incl Over 0.400 to 0.600, incl Over 0.600 to 1.000, incl Over 1.000 0.008 0.010 0.
31、012 0.015 0.017 0.020 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 Table 4B Maximum total depth of decarburization, SI units Nominal Wall Thickness Millimeters Total Depth of Decarburization Millimeter ID Total Depth of Decarburization Millimeters OD Up to 2.77, incl Over 2.77 to 5.16, incl Over 5.16 to 10.1
32、6, incl Over 10.16 to 15.24, incl Over 15.24 to 25.40, incl Over 25.40 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.38 0.43 0.51 0.38 0.51 0.64 0.76 0.89 1.02 3.4.3.5 Decarburization shall be evaluated by one of the two methods of 3.4.3.5.1 or 3.4.3.5.2. 3.4.3.5.1 Metallographic Method A cross section taken perpendicular to th
33、e surface shall be prepared, etched, and visually examined metallographically at a magnification not to exceed 100X. Optical indications of decarburization (including complete decarburizaion ferrite plus partial decarburization) shall not exceed the limits of Tables 3 and 4. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS641
34、7H Page 6 of 9 3.4.3.5.2 Hardness Traverse Method The total depth of decarburization shall be determined by a traverse method using microhardness testing in accordance with ASTM E384, at a magnification not exceeding 100X, conducted on a hardened but untempered specimen protected during heat treatme
35、nt to prevent changes in surface carbon content. Depth of decarburization is defined as the perpendicular distance from the surface to the depth under that surface where there is not further increase in hardness. Such measurements shall be far enough away from any adjacent surface to be uninfluenced
36、 by any decarburization on the adjacent surface. Acceptance shall be as listed in Tables 3 and 4. 3.4.3.5.2.1 When determining the depth of decarburization, it is permissible to disregard local areas provided the decarburization of such areas does not exceed the above limits by more than 0.005 inch
37、(0.13 mm) and the width is 0.065 inches (1.65 mm) or less. 3.4.3.6 In case of dispute, the total depth of decarburization determined using the microhardness traverse method shall govern. 3.4.4 Response to Heat Treatment of Bars, Forgings and Tubing Specimens shall have the following properties after
38、 being normalized by heating to 1700 F 25 (927 C 14), holding at heat for 60 minutes 5, and cooling at a rate equivalent to air cooling, hardened by heating to 1600 F 25 (871 C 14), holding at heat for 60 minutes 5, and quenching in oil, and double tempered by heating to 575 F 10 (302 C 6), holding
39、at heat for 2 hours 0.2, cooling in air to room temperature, reheating to 575 F 10 (302 C 6), holding at heat for 2 hours 0.2, and cooling in air: 3.4.4.1 Longitudinal Tensile Properties Shall be as shown in Table 5; testing in the longitudinal direction need not be performed on product tested in th
40、e transverse direction. Table 5 - Minimum longitudinal tensile properties Property Value Tensile Strength 270 ksi (1862 MPa) Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset 220 ksi (1517 MPa) Elongation in 4D 8% Reduction of Area 30% 3.4.4.2 Transverse Tensile Properties Shall be as shown in Table 6, determined on sp
41、ecimens selected and prepared in accordance with AMS2310; transverse tensile property requirements of Table 6 apply only to product that tensile specimens not less than 2.50 inches (63.5 mm) in length can be taken. Table 6A - Minimum transverse tensile properties, inch/pound units Nominal Cross-Sect
42、ional Area Square Inches Tensile Strength ksi Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset ksi Average Reduction of Area % Individual Reduction of Area % Up to 100, incl 270 220 30 25 Over 100 to 144, incl 270 220 25 20 Over 144 to 225, incl 270 220 20 15 Over 225 270 220 15 10 SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6417H Page 7 of
43、 9 Table 6B - Minimum transverse tensile properties, SI units Nominal Cross-Sectional Area Square Centimeters Tensile Strength MPa Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset MPa Average Reduction of Area % Individual Reduction of Area % Up to 645, incl 1862 1517 30 25 Over 645 to 929, incl 1862 1517 25 20 Over 9
44、29 to 1452, incl 1862 1517 20 15 Over 1452 1862 1517 15 10 3.5 Quality The product, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the product. 3.5.1 Steel shall be premium aircraft-quality co
45、nforming to AMS2300, except that the maximum average frequency (F) rating of 0.10 and a maximum average severity (S) rating of 0.20 shall apply. 3.5.2 Bars and mechanical tubing ordered hot rolled or cold drawn or ground, turned, or polished shall, after removal of the standard stock removal allowan
46、ce in accordance with AS1182, be free from seams, laps, tears, and cracks open to the machined, ground, turned, or polished surface. 3.5.3 Grain flow of die forgings, except in areas that contain flash-line end grain, shall follow the general contour of the forgings showing no evidence of reentrant
47、grain flow. 3.6 Tolerances 3.6.1 Bars In accordance with AMS2251. 3.6.2 Mechanical Tubing In accordance with AMS2253. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The producer of the product shall supply all samples for producers tests and shall be responsible for the performanc
48、e of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the product conforms to specified requirements. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests Composition (3.1), condition (3.3), macrostructure (3.4.1), avera
49、ge grain size (3.4.2), decarburization (3.4.3), and tolerances (3.6) are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each heat or lot as applicable. 4.2.2 Periodic Tests Frequency-severity cleanliness rating (3.5.1), response to heat treatment (3.4.4), and grain flow of die forgings (3.5.3) are periodic tests and shall be performed at a frequency selected
