1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2017 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/AMS6528D AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS6528 REV. D Issued 1987-04 Reaffirmed 2007-04 Revi
5、sed 2017-08 Superseding AMS6528C Steel, Bars 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo (0.28 - 0.33C) (SAE 4130) Special Aircraft Quality Cleanliness Normalized (Composition similar to UNS G41300) RATIONALE AMS6528D results from a Five-Year Review and update of this specification and revises grain size testing requirements (
6、3.1.1 and 3.3.2), decarburization testing methods (3.3.4), quality (3.4.2), reporting (4.4) and identification (5.2.1). 1. SCOPE 1.1 Form This specification covers a special aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of bars. 1.2 Application These bars have been used typically for parts required
7、to meet stringent magnetic inspection criteria, having sections 0.50 inch (12.7 mm) and under in nominal thickness at time of heat treatment, and requiring a through-hardening steel capable of developing hardness as high as 35 HRC when properly hardened and tempered, and also for parts of greater th
8、ickness, but requiring proportionately lower hardness. Usage is not limited to such applications. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publicatio
9、ns shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemp
10、tion has been obtained. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS2251 Tolerances Low-Alloy Steel Bars AMS2259 Chemical Check Analysis Limits Wr
11、ought Low-Alloy and Carbon Steels SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6528D Page 2 of 8 AMS2304 Steel Cleanliness, Special Aircraft-Quality Magnetic Particle Inspection Procedure AMS2370 Quality Assurance Sampling and Testing Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Wrought Products and Forging Stock AMS2806 Identification Bars
12、, Wire, Mechanical Tubing, and Extrusions Carbon and Alloy Steels and Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steels and Alloys ARP1917 Clarification of Terms Used in Aerospace Metals Specifications AS1182 Standard Stock Removal Allowance Aircraft-Quality and Premium Aircraft-Quality Steel Bars and Mechanical
13、Tubing 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM A255 Determining Hardenability of Steel ASTM A370 Mechanical Testing of Steel Products ASTM E112 Determining Average Grain Siz
14、e ASTM E350 Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought Iron ASTM E381 Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and Forgings ASTM E384 Microindentation Hardness of Materials 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Composition Shall conform to the
15、 percentages by weight shown in Table 1, determined by wet chemical methods in accordance with ASTM E350, by spectrochemical methods, or by other analytical methods acceptable to purchaser. Table 1 - Composition Element Min Max Carbon 0.28 0.33 Manganese 0.40 0.60 Silicon 0.15 0.35 Phosphorus - 0.01
16、5 Sulfur - 0.008 Chromium 0.80 1.10 Molybdenum 0.15 0.25 Nickel - 0.25 Copper - 0.35 SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6528D Page 3 of 8 3.1.1 Aluminum, vanadium and columbium are optional grain refining elements and need not be determined or reported unless used to satisfy the average grain size requirements of
17、 3.3.2.2. 3.1.2 Check Analysis Composition variations shall meet the applicable requirements of AMS2259. 3.2 Condition Bar shall not be cut from plate (also see 4.4.2). 3.2.1 Hot rolled and normalized at 1700 F 25 F (927 C 14 C). 3.2.1.1 When specified, either a cold drawn or cold finished surface s
18、hall be supplied. 3.2.1.1.1 Cold finished surface shall be produced by turning, grinding, polishing, or burnishing, or combination thereof; surface hardness shall be not more than 3 points HRC harder than hardness at mid-radius, determined in accordance with ASTM A370. 3.2.1.2 Cold finished surface
19、may be supplied when cold drawn, hot rolled, or no surface condition is specified. 3.2.1.3 Cold drawn surface may be supplied when hot rolled or no surface condition is specified. 3.3 Properties Bars shall conform to the following requirements; hardness testing shall conform to ASTM A370: 3.3.1 Macr
20、ostructure Visual examination of transverse full cross-sections from bars and billets, etched in hot hydrochloric acid in accordance with ASTM E381, shall show no pipe or cracks. Porosity, segregation, inclusions, and other imperfections shall be no worse than the macrographs of ASTM E381 shown in T
21、able 2. Table 2 - Macrostructure limits Cross-Sectional Area Square Inches Cross-Sectional Area Square Centimeters Macrographs Up to 36, incl Up to 232, incl S2 - R1 - C2 Over 36 to 100, incl Over 232 to 645, incl S2 - R2 C2 Over 100 to 133. incl Over 645 to 858, incl S2 - R2 - C3 Over 133 Over 858
22、Note 1 Note 1 Limits for larger sizes shall be agreed upon by purchaser and producer. The purchaser shall have written approval of the agreement from the cognizant engineering organization. 3.3.2 Average Grain Size Average grain size shall be determined by either 3.3.2.1 or 3.3.2.2. 3.3.2.1 Shall be
23、 ASTM No. 5 or finer, determined in accordance with ASTM E112. 3.3.2.2 The product of a heat shall be considered to have an ASTM No. 5 or finer austenitic grain size if one or more of the following are determined by heat analysis (see 8.5): 3.3.2.2.1 A total aluminum content of 0.020 to 0.050%. 3.3.
24、2.2.2 An acid soluble aluminum content of 0.015 to 0.050%. 3.3.2.2.3 A vanadium content of 0.02 to 0.08%. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6528D Page 4 of 8 3.3.2.2.4 A columbium content of 0.02 to 0.05%. 3.3.3 Hardenability of Each Heat Shall be J5/16 inch (7.9 mm) = 34 HRC minimum and J8/16 inch (12.7 mm) = 2
25、7 HRC minimum, determined in accordance with ASTM A255 except that the normalizing temperature shall be 1700 F 10 F (927 C 6 C). 3.3.4 Decarburization 3.3.4.1 Bars ordered ground, turned, or polished shall be free from decarburization on the ground, turned, or polished surfaces. 3.3.4.2 Allowable de
26、carburization of bars and billets ordered for redrawing or to specified microstructural requirements shall be as agreed upon by purchaser and producer. 3.3.4.3 Decarburization of bars that 3.3.4.1 or 3.3.4.2 is not applicable shall be not greater than shown in Table 3. Table 3 Table 3A - Maximum dep
27、th of decarburization, inch/pound units Nominal Thickness or Distance Between Parallel Sides Inches Total Depth of Decarburization Inch Up to 0.375, incl 0.010 Over 0.375 to 0.500, incl 0.012 Over 0.500 to 0.625, incl 0.014 Over 0.625 to 1.000, incl 0.017 Over 1.000 to 1.500, incl 0.020 Over 1.500 t
28、o 2.000, incl 0.025 Over 2.000 to 2.500, incl 0.030 Over 2.500 to 3.000, incl 0.035 Over 3.000 to 4.000, incl 0.045 Table 3B - Maximum depth of decarburization, SI units Nominal Thickness or Distance Between Parallel Sides Millimeters Total Depth of Decarburization Millimeters Up to 9.52, incl 0.25
29、Over 9.52 to 12.70, incl 0.30 Over 12.70 to 15.88, incl 0.36 Over 15.88 to 25.40, incl 0.43 Over 25.40 to 38.10, incl 0.51 Over 38.10 to 50.80, incl 0.64 Over 50.80 to 63.50, incl 0.76 Over 63.50 to 76.20, incl 0.89 Over 76.20 to 101.60, incl 1.14 SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6528D Page 5 of 8 3.3.4.4 Decar
30、burization shall be evaluated by one of the two methods of 3.3.4.4.1 or 3.3.4.4.2. 3.3.4.4.1 Metallographic Method A cross section taken perpendicular to the surface shall be prepared, etched, and visually examined metallographically at a magnification not to exceed 100X. Optical indications of deca
31、rburization shall not show a layer of complete (ferrite) or partial decarburization exceeding the limits of Table 3. 3.3.4.4.2 Hardness Traverse Method The total depth of decarburization shall be determined by a traverse method using microindentation hardness testing in accordance with ASTM E384, at
32、 a magnification not exceeding 100X, conducted on a hardened, but untempered specimen protected during heat treatment to prevent changes in surface carbon content. Depth of decarburization is defined as the perpendicular distance from the surface to the depth under that surface where there is not fu
33、rther increase in hardness. Such measurements shall be far enough away from any adjacent surface to be uninfluenced by any decarburization on the adjacent surface. Acceptance shall be as listed in Table 3. 3.3.4.4.3 When determining the depth of decarburization, it is permissible to disregard local
34、areas provided the decarburization of such areas does not exceed the above limits by more than 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) and the width is 0.065 inch (1.65 mm) or less. 3.3.4.4.4 In case of dispute, the total depth of decarburization determined using the microindentation hardness traverse method shall gov
35、ern. 3.4 Quality Bars, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the bars. 3.4.1 Steel shall be special aircraft-quality conforming to AMS2304 (see 8.2). 3.4.2 Bars shall be free from sea
36、ms, laps, tears, and cracks after removal of the standard stock removal allowance in accordance with AS1182. 3.5 Tolerances Shall conform to all applicable requirements of AMS2251. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The producer of bars shall supply all samples for pro
37、ducers tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the bars conform to specified requirements. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests Composition (
38、3.1), macrostructure (3.3.1), average grain size (3.3.2), hardenability (3.3.3), decarburization (3.3.4), frequency-severity cleanliness rating (3.4.1), and tolerances (3.5), are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each heat or lot as applicable. If grain refining elements (3.3.2.2) are not p
39、resent, the ASTM E112 grain size test (3.3.2.1) shall be conducted on each lot. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6528D Page 6 of 8 4.2.2 Periodic Tests If grain refining elements (3.3.2.2) are present, the ASTM E112 grain size test (3.3.2.1) shall be conducted on a periodic basis and shall be performed at a fre
40、quency selected by the producer (not to exceed one year) unless frequency of testing is specified by purchaser. Cold finished surface hardness (3.2.1.1.1) is a periodic test and shall be performed at a frequency selected by the producer unless frequency of testing is specified by purchaser. 4.3 Samp
41、ling and Testing Shall be in accordance with AMS2370 and the following: 4.3.1 Samples for frequency-severity cleanliness rating (3.4.1) shall conform to AMS2304. 4.4 Reports 4.4.1 The producer of bars shall furnish with each shipment a report showing the producer identity, country where the metal wa
42、s melted (e.g., final melt in the case of metal processed by multiple melting operations), results of tests for chemical composition, macrostructure, hardenability, and frequency-severity cleanliness rating of each heat and condition and average grain size, if measured, of each lot, and stating that
43、 the bars conform to the other technical requirements. This report shall include the purchase order number, heat and lot numbers, AMS6528D, product form, size, and quantity. If the grain size requirement of 3.3.1.2 is met by the aluminum, vanadium and/or columbium content, the aluminum, vanadium and
44、/or columbium content shall be reported and a statement that the chemistry satisfies the grain size requirement shall be included. 4.4.2 If the ship size/shape is cut from a larger cross section, report the nominal metallurgically worked size (also see 3.2). 4.4.3 When material produced to this spec
45、ification has exceptions taken to the technical requirements listed in Section 3, (see 5.2.1) the report shall contain a statement “This material is certified as AMS6528D (EXC) because of the following exceptions:“ and the specific exceptions shall be listed. 4.5 Resampling and Retesting Shall be in
46、 accordance with AMS2370 except that resampling for cleanliness shall conform to 4.5.1. 4.5.1 If any specimen fails to meet the specified frequency-severity cleanliness requirements, the entire heat shall be rejected or resampling and retesting shall be performed as follows: 4.5.1.1 Nonconforming In
47、got(s) Reject or take additional discard and resample and retest. 4.5.1.2 Ingot(s) Not Originally Sampled Sample and test material from the respective nonconforming position(s), i.e., top or bottom of two additional ingots for each nonconforming ingot. The ingots selected for additional samples shal
48、l be from locations in the pouring plate pattern closest to the nonconforming ingot(s). 4.5.1.3 If the nonconforming ingot fails the retest, repeat 4.5.1.1. 4.5.1.4 If all ingots sampled as in 4.5.1.2 meet the frequency-severity cleanliness requirements, the heat, except for original nonconforming i
49、ngot(s), is acceptable. 4.5.1.5 If any of the ingots sampled as in 4.5.1.2 fail to meet the frequency-severity cleanliness requirements, the heat shall be rejected or each ingot shall be tested at the nonconforming positions and acceptance of each ingot shall be based on the tests thereon. 4.5.1.6 All steel shall be either from ingots which successfully met the frequency-severity cleanliness requirement
