1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2012 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may b
3、e reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA)Fax
4、: 724-776-0790Email: CustomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visithttp:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS7488FAEROSPACEMATERIALSPECIFICATIONAMS7488 REV. FIssued 1955-03Revised 2013-01Superseding AMS7488ERing
5、s, Flash WeldedAluminum and Aluminum AlloysRATIONALEAMS7488F was revised to restrict the temperature at which shape restoration may be performed (3.2.8), require annealing to be performed in accordance with AMS2772 (3.2.5), require hardness testing after all thermal processing and straightening (3.3
6、.2), and is a Five Year Review and update of this specification.1. SCOPE1.1 FormThis specification covers flash welded rings made of aluminum and aluminum alloys.1.2 ApplicationThese products have been used typically for parts such as flanges and rings, but usage is not limited to such applications.
7、2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTSThe issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced d
8、ocument has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply.2.1 SAE PublicationsAvailable from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside
9、 USA), www.sae.org.AMS2350 Standards and Test MethodsAMS2355 Quality Assurance, Sampling and Testing, Aluminum Alloys and Magnesium Alloy Wrought Products (Except Forging Stock), and Rolled, Forged, or Flash Welded RingsAMS2772 Heat Treatment of Aluminum Raw MaterialsSAE AMS7488F Page 2 of 53. TECHN
10、ICAL REQUIREMENTS3.1 MaterialShall be as specified on the drawing.3.2 Fabrication3.2.1 FormingRings shall be formed from suitably rolled, extruded, or forged shapes. 3.2.2 Grain flow Grain flow in the formed rings shall be substantially circumferential. 3.2.3 Preparation for WeldingFormed rings shal
11、l be clean and free from foreign materials in the area of electrode contact and at the surfaces to be welded.3.2.4 WeldingThe ends of the formed rings shall be flash butt-welded together: there shall be only one weld per ring, unless otherwise permitted by purchaser. Welding shall be performed on a
12、machine provided with accurate control of feed of joint during flashing, rate and distance of travel of sections to be welded, secondary voltage and current magnitude, and timing and current cut-off. The flash shall be maintained during the flashing interval of the welding operation. The amount of m
13、anual flashing, for purposes of preheating, shall be limited to 10% of total flashing distance. The machine shall be capable of repeating the sequence of operations independently of the skill of the operator. A record of all machine settings and sequence of operations for welding each different ring
14、 shall be kept by the vendor and be made available to the purchaser upon written request.3.2.5 AnnealingUnless otherwise specified, the welded rings shall be annealed by heating to the proper temperature, holding at heat for the proper time, and cooling to room temperature. Unless otherwise specifie
15、d, Annealing shall be performed in accordance with AMS2772.3.2.6 Proof Testing of Welds (Sizing)Each ring, after cooling to room temperature, shall be tested to determine the quality of the weld, unless otherwise specified. Each ring shall have flash and excess metal at the weld removed by within +1
16、/32 inch (+0.8 mm) of parent metal surface, either before or after annealing as in 3.2.5 but before sizing. Preliminary sizing may be done before cooling but final sizing shall be done at room temperature. The stress applied for final sizing shall be sufficient to provide a permanentexpansion of not
17、 less than 1% across a 2 inch (50.8 mm) gage length centered on the weld. Sizing shall be performed in such a way as to provide uniform stress distribution throughout the ring.3.2.6.1 For rings made of product less than 0.188 inch (4.78 mm) in nominal thickness, flash removal may reduce thickness be
18、low that of parent metal provided that the finished weld blends smoothly into adjacent metal and provided that thickness is not reduced below the minimum specified on the drawing for the parent metal; proof testing of such rings shall be waived if welding precedes a final forming operation which inv
19、olves an expansion of the weld equivalent to or exceeding that required by 3.2.6.When the drawing or applicable material specification requires additional heat treatment, rings shall be so heat treated after sizing.SAE AMS7488F Page 3 of 53.2.7 Restoration to ShapeIf it is necessary to restore shape
20、 of rings following sizing, such operation shall be done on suitable presses and not by localized blows as from a hammer. Rings may be heated to a temperature not higher than the annealing temperature for such operation except that rings furnished solution heat treated or solution and precipitation
21、heat treated shall be heated to a temperature not to exceed 25 F (14 C) below the applicable precipitation heat treatment temperature. Soak time prior to straightening shall not exceed six hours.3.3 PropertiesRings shall conform to the following requirements, determined in accordance with AMS2355:3.
22、3.1 Tensile Properties Through Welded AreaShall be as shown in Table 1, determined on specimens cut, after final heat treatment of the lot, from welded rings processed to this specification. When permitted by purchaser, rings to be supplied with additional heat treatment after annealing may be teste
23、d in the annealed condition by the vendor, but the final basis for acceptance shall be tests made on fully heat treated rings. Tensile testing will not be required on rings made from product less than 0.188 inch (4.78 mm) in nominal thickness for which proof testing is waived in 3.2.6.1, unless othe
24、rwise specified.TABLE 1 - MINIMUM TENSILE PROPERTIESProperty ValueTensile Strength 85% of parent metal in same ringElongation in 4DHeat Treatable Alloys 25% of parent metal in same ringNon-Heat Treatable Alloys 60% of parent metal in same ring3.3.1.1 When permitted by purchaser, rings not conforming
25、 to 3.3.1 will be acceptable if the tensile properties through the welded area, determined after final heat treatment, are not lower than the minimum requirements of the material specification or of the drawing.3.3.2 HardnessHardness of heat-treatable alloy rings shall conform to the applicable mate
26、rial specification. Hardness shall be determined after completion of all thermal processing and straightening.3.4 Quality3.4.1 Rings, as received by the purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials and from internal and external imperfections detriment
27、al to usage of the rings.3.4.2 Rings shall be subject to nondestructive testing as agreed upon by purchaser and vendor.4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS4.1 Responsibility for InspectionThe vendor of rings shall supply all samples and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purc
28、haser reserves the right to perform such confirmatory testing as he deems necessary to ensure that the rings conform to specified requirements.4.2 Classification of TestsTests to determine conformance to all technical requirements of this specification are classified as acceptance tests and as prepr
29、oduction tests.SAE AMS7488F Page 4 of 54.3 SamplingShall be in accordance with AMS2355.4.4 Approval4.4.1 Sample parts shall be approved by purchaser as in 4.4.2, unless such approval is waived.4.4.2 When a new vendor is being considered, new welding equipment is being placed in operation, settings o
30、n an old machine are changed, or changes in joint size of shape are made, the welding procedure shall be approved in the following manner: One or more rings from the first shipment of each size ring shall be selected at random. The ring or rings shall be subjected to tensile tests, hardness determin
31、ations, and examination of grain flow. If the requirements of 3.3.1 and 3.3.2 are met and the grain flow is satisfactory, the equipment and procedure will be considered satisfactory for making that weld.4.4.3 Vendor shall use the same size, type, and shape of stock, type of forming equipment, heatin
32、g cycles for forming and preheating, welding schedule (except that current settings may be changed by 10%), heating and cooling procedures and atmospheres for heat treatment, cleaning operations, and methods of routine inspection for production rings as for approved sample rings. If necessary to mak
33、e any change in any of these factors, vendor shall submit for reapproval a statement of the proposed changes in processing and, when requested, sample rings. Production rings incorporating the revised operations shall not be shipped prior to receipt of reapproval.4.5 Reports4.5.1 The vendor of welde
34、d rings shall furnish with each shipment a report showing the results of tests for tensile properties and hardness of each lot. This report shall include the purchase order number, AMS7488F, lot number and quantity from each lot. When material for making rings is produced or purchased by the ring ve
35、ndor, that vendor shall inspect each lot of material to determine conformance to the requirements of the applicable material specification, and shall include in the report a statement that the material conforms, or shall include copies of laboratory reports showing the results of tests to determine
36、conformance.4.5.2 The vendor of finished or semi-finished parts shall furnish with each shipment a report showing the purchase order number, AMS7488F, contractor or other direct supplier of welded rings, part number, and quantity. When welded rings for making parts are produced or purchased by the p
37、arts vendor, that vendor shall inspect each lot of rings to determine conformance to the requirements of this specification and the applicable material specification, or shall include in the report a statement that the rings conform to both applicable specifications, or shall include copies of labor
38、atory reports showing the results of tests to determine conformance.4.6 Resampling and RetestingShall be in accordance with AMS2355.5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY5.1 IdentificationRings shall be identified as agreed upon by purchaser and vendor.5.2 PackagingRings shall be prepared for shipment in accor
39、dance with commercial practice to ensure carrier acceptance and safe transportation to the point of delivery. Packaging shall conform to carrier rules and regulations applicable to the mode of transportation.6. ACKNOWLEDGMENTA vendor shall mention this specification number and its revision letter in
40、 all quotations and when acknowledging purchase orders.SAE AMS7488F Page 5 of 57. REJECTIONSRings not conforming to this specification or to authorized modifications will be subject to rejection.8. NOTES8.1 A change bar (|) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating ar
41、eas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in
42、 documents that contain editorial changes only.8.2 Terms used in AMS are clarified in ARP1917.8.3 Dimensions and properties in inch/pound units and the Fahrenheit temperatures are primary; dimensions and properties in SI units and the Celsius temperatures are shown as the approximate equivalents of the primary units and are presented only for information.8.4 Purchase documents should specify not less than the following:AMS7488FPart number of rings desiredQuantity of rings desired.PREPARED BY AMS COMMITTEE “D“
