1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2016 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/AMS7498R AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS7498 REV. R Issued 1955-03 Revised 2016-12Supersed
5、ing AMS7498P Rings, Flash Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloys RATIONALE AMS7498R results from a Five-Year Review and update of this specification that revises proof testing (3.2.5). 1. SCOPE 1.1 Form This specification covers flash welded rings made of titanium and titanium alloys. 1.2 Application T
6、hese rings have been used typically for parts such as flanges, but usage is not limited to such applications. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may w
7、ork to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400
8、Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS2750 Pyrometry ARP1917 Clarification of Terms Used in Aerospace Metals Specifications SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS7498R Page 2 of 6 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from
9、 ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM E8/E8M Tension Testing of Metallic Materials 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Material Shall be as specified on the part drawing. 3.2 Fabrication 3.2.1 Forming Rings shall
10、be formed from rolled, extruded, or forged shapes. Grain flow in the formed rings shall be substantially circumferential. 3.2.2 Preparation for Welding 3.2.2.1 Formed rings shall be clean and free from foreign materials in the area of electrode contact and at the surfaces to be welded. 3.2.2.2 Forme
11、d rings may be preheated, before welding, as agreed upon by purchaser and producer. 3.2.3 Welding 3.2.3.1 The ends of the formed rings shall be flash butt-welded together with only one weld per ring. Welding shall be performed on a machine provided with control of the following: Feed of joint during
12、 flashing Rate and distance of travel of the sections to be welded Secondary voltage and current magnitude Timing and current cut off. 3.2.3.2 The flash shall be maintained during the flashing interval of the welding operation. The amount of manual flashing used for preheating shall be limited to 10
13、% of the total flashing distance. The machine shall be capable of repeating the sequence of operations independently of the skill of the machine operator. A record of all machine settings and sequence of operations for each lot shall be maintained in accordance with purchasers requirements. 3.2.4 He
14、at Treatment Welded rings shall be annealed as in 3.2.4.1 or solution heat treated as in 3.2.4.2, as applicable. 3.2.4.1 Annealing Rings, except as specified in 3.2.4.1.1 and 3.2.4.1.2, shall be annealed by heating to 1300 F 25 F (704 C 14 C), holding at heat for not less than 2 hours, and cooling i
15、n air to room temperature. Pyrometry shall be in accordance with AMS2750. 3.2.4.1.1 If the drawing or material specification specifies the annealing cycle, the rings shall be annealed as specified. 3.2.4.1.2 If neither the drawing nor the material specification specifies a required annealing cycle a
16、nd the producer of the material reports use of an annealing temperature higher than 1300 F (704 C), rings may be annealed by heating to a temperature as high as the reported annealing temperature. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS7498R Page 3 of 6 3.2.4.2 Solution Heat Treatment The rings shall be solution heat
17、 treated when specified in the applicable material specification or drawing. 3.2.5 Proof Testing of Welds (Sizing) Each ring shall be proof tested to determine the quality of the weld. The flash and excess metal at the weld shall be removed to within +0.031 inch (+0.8 mm) of the parent metal and ble
18、nded smoothly before sizing. The stress applied for sizing shall be sufficient to provide a permanent expansion of not less than 1% across a 2 inch (50.8 mm) gage length centered on the weld. The 1% minimum permanent expansion shall be verified by measurement on at least one ring from each welding l
19、ot. Sizing shall be performed to provide a uniform stress distribution throughout the ring. 3.2.5.1 Rings may be heated to a temperature not exceeding 50 F (28 C) below the annealing or solution temperature as specified in 3.2.4 or 50 F (28 C) below producers material certification reported annealin
20、g or solution temperature given to the material. 3.2.5.2 Rings may be sized on cooling from the annealing or solution temperature. 3.2.5.3 For rings less than 0.188 inch (4.78 mm) nominal thickness, flash removal may reduce thickness below parent material provided the thickness is not reduced below
21、the minimum specified. Proof testing shall be waived if the welding precedes a final forming operation that expands the weld equivalent to 3.2.5. 3.2.5.4 When permitted by purchaser, statistical data developed for each part/process combination may be used to substantiate proof testing in lieu of act
22、ual measurements taken on the weld. 3.2.6 When the drawing or applicable material specification requires additional heat treatment, rings shall be so heat treated after sizing. 3.2.7 Restoration to Shape When necessary to restore the shape of rings following annealing or solution heat treatment, suc
23、h operation shall be done on suitable presses and not by localized blows as from a hammer. Except as specified in 3.2.7.1, rings may be heated to not higher than 1250 F (677 C) for such operations. Where rings receive a final heat treatment below 1250 F (677 C), they may be heated to not higher than
24、 50 F (28 C) degrees below the final heat treatment temperature. 3.2.7.1 When permitted by purchaser, restoration to shape may be performed in conjunction with cooling from a heat treatment operation by placing the ring on a press that will produce slight (approximately 1/4%) expansion or compressio
25、n of the ring diameter and flattening of the ring. 3.3 Properties Rings shall conform to the following requirements, determined in accordance with ASTM E8/E8M. 3.3.1 Tensile Properties through Welded Area Shall be as shown in Table 1, determined on specimens cut, after final heat treatment of the lo
26、t, from welded rings processed to this specification. Rings to be supplied with additional heat treatment after annealing or solution heat treatment may be tested in the annealed or solution heat treated condition by the producer, but the final basis for acceptance shall be tests made on fully heat
27、treated rings. Tensile testing is not required on rings made of material under 0.188 inch (4.78 mm) in nominal thickness for which proof testing is waived in 3.2.5.3. Table 1 - Minimum tensile properties Property Value Tensile Strength 90% of parent metal in same ring Elongation in 4D 50% of parent
28、metal in same ring SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS7498R Page 4 of 6 3.3.1.1 Rings not conforming to 3.3.1 will be acceptable if the tensile properties through the welded area, determined after final heat treatment, are not lower than the minimum requirements of the material specification or of the part drawin
29、g. 3.4 Quality Rings, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the rings. 3.4.1 Rings shall be subjected to nondestructive testing. Method of testing and standards for acceptance shall b
30、e as agreed upon by purchaser and producer. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The producer of the rings shall supply all samples for producers tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perfo
31、rm any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the rings conform to specified requirements. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests Proof Testing of Welds (3.2.5) and Tensile Properties (3.3.1) are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each lot. 4.2.2 Preproduction Tests
32、 All technical requirements are preproduction tests and shall be performed prior to or on the first-article shipment of a ring to a purchaser, when a change in material and/or processing requires reapproval as in 4.4.3, and when purchaser deems confirmary testing to be required. 4.2.3 Periodic Tests
33、 Grain Flow (3.2.1) is a periodic test and shall be performed at a frequency selected by the producer unless the frequency of testing is specified by the purchaser. 4.3 Sampling and Testing Shall be as follows; a lot shall be all rings of the same cross-sectional size and shape within specified tole
34、rances, from the same alloy, and welded consecutively to the same welding schedule. 4.3.1 Proof Testing Each ring except as waived in 3.2.5.2. 4.3.2 Tensile Properties At least one ring from each lot except when proof testing is waived. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS7498R Page 5 of 6 4.4 Approval 4.4.1 Sampl
35、e parts shall be approved by purchaser as in 4.4.2, unless such approval is waived by purchaser. 4.4.2 When a new producer is being considered, new welding equipment is being placed in operation, settings on an existing machine are changed, or changes in joint size or shape are made, the welding pro
36、cedure shall be approved in the following manner: One or more rings from the first shipment of each size ring shall be selected at random. The ring or rings shall be subjected to tensile tests and examination of structure. If the requirements of 3.3.1 are met and the structure of the weld is satisfa
37、ctory, the equipment and procedure will be considered satisfactory for making that weld. 4.4.3 Producer shall use the same size, type, and shape of stock within specified tolerances, type of forming equipment, heating cycles for forming and preheating, welding schedule (except that current settings
38、may be changed by 10%), heating and cooling procedures and atmosphere for heat treatment, cleaning operations, and methods of inspection for production rings as for approved sample rings. If necessary to make any change in parameters for any of these factors, producer shall submit for reapproval a s
39、tatement of the proposed changes in processing and when requested, sample rings. Production rings incorporating the revised operations shall not be shipped prior to receipt of reapproval. 4.4.3.1 Reapproval may be waived by purchaser or parts may be reapproved by following the approval procedure of
40、4.4.2. 4.5 Reports In addition to the material specification requirements, the producer of flash welded rings shall furnish with each shipment a report showing the results of tests for the required mechanical properties for AMS7498R and state that the product conforms to the other technical requirem
41、ents. This report shall include the purchase order number, lot number, AMS7498R, material specification number and its revision letter if any, direct supplier of product used to make the rings, size or part number, heat number, and quantity and final melt source. 4.6 Resampling and Retesting If any
42、specimen used in the above tests fails to meet the specified requirements, disposition of the rings may be based on the results of testing three additional specimens for each original nonconforming specimen. Failure of any retest specimen to meet the specified requirements shall be cause for rejecti
43、on of the rings represented. Results of all tests shall be reported. 5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY 5.1 Identification Shall be as agreed upon by purchaser and producer. 5.2 Packaging Rings shall be prepared for shipment in accordance with commercial practice and in compliance with applicable rules and
44、 regulations pertaining to the handling, packaging, and transportation of the rings to ensure carrier acceptance and safe delivery. 6. ACKNOWLEDGMENT A producer shall include this specification number and its revision letter in all quotations and when acknowledging purchase orders. 7. REJECTIONS Rin
45、gs not conforming to this specification, or to modifications authorized by purchaser, will be subject to rejection. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS7498R Page 6 of 6 8. NOTES 8.1 Revision Indicator A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical
46、revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that cont
47、ain editorial changes only. 8.2 Terms used in AMS are clarified in ARP1917. 8.3 Dimensions and properties in inch/pound units and the Fahrenheit temperatures are primary; dimensions and properties in SI units and the Celsius temperatures are shown as the approximate equivalents of the primary units and are presented only for information. 8.4 Purchase documents should specify not less than the following: AMS7498R Size or part number of rings Quantity of rings Nondestructive inspection standards, if any, and extent of such inspection (see 3.4.1). PREPARED BY AMS COMMITTEE “G“
