1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2013 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/ARP1176AAEROSPACERECOMMENDEDPRACTICEARP1176 REV. A Issued 1999-03 Reaffirmed 2009-
5、11 Revised 2013-06 Superseding ARP1176 Oxygen System and Component Cleaning RATIONALE This document has been revised to reflect current industry recommended practices regarding component and oxygen system cleaning and to establish a cleanliness coding scheme and marking requirement stating the clean
6、liness level of oxygen cleaned parts or components contained within the sealed package. The SAE A-10 committee has removed the packaging practices from ARP1176 and created AIR5742, which provides information regarding recommended practices for packaging and transit of aircraft oxygen equipment. TABL
7、E OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE 3 1.1 Purpose . 3 2. REFERENCES 3 2.1 Applicable Documents 3 2.1.1 SAE Publications . 3 2.1.2 ASTM Publications 3 2.1.3 U.S. Government Publications 4 2.1.4 NASA Publications 4 2.1.5 Other Publications . 4 2.2 Definitions . 5 3. CLEANLINESS LEVELS . 7 3.1 General Requirements
8、7 3.2 Cleaning Process Consideration Factors . 7 3.3 Recommended Cleaning for Equipment . 7 3.4 Coding . 8 4. CLEANING METHODS AND PROCEDURES . 9 4.1 Clean Room and Controlled Clean Area 10 4.1.1 Structure 11 4.1.2 Maintenance 12 4.1.3 Temperature and Humidity . 12 4.1.4 Ventilation and Air Filtrati
9、on 13 4.1.5 Ventilation and Air Pressure . 13 4.1.6 Personnel Clothing 13 4.1.7 Tools and Equipment 14 4.2 Selecting Suitable Cleaning Agents 14 4.2.1 Cleaning Agents 15 4.3 Selecting the Proper Cleaning Method . 15 4.3.1 Composition of the Part to be Cleaned . 15 4.3.2 Complexity of Construction .
10、16 SAE ARP1176A Page 2 of 24 4.3.3 Properties of the Cleaning Agent 16 4.3.4 Limitations of the Cleaning Agents . 16 4.4 Different Methods of Cleaning 16 4.4.1 Solvent Cleaning . 16 4.4.2 Detergent and Water Cleaning . 17 4.5 Methods for Rinsing and Drying 18 5. CLEANLINESS INSPECTIONS AND TESTS 19
11、5.1 Cleaning Process Control and Sampling Plans 19 5.2 Visual Inspections . 19 5.2.1 White Light Inspections . 19 5.2.2 Black Light or Ultraviolet Light Test 19 5.2.3 Wipe Inspection . 20 5.3 Non-Volatile Residue (NVR) Test . 20 5.3.1 Particulate Test . 20 5.4 Water Break Test 20 5.5 Acidity or Alka
12、linity (pH) Test 20 5.6 Halogen Test . 21 5.7 Total Organic Carbon Analysis Test . 21 6. MARKING AND PACKAGING 21 7. CLEANING EXAMPLES . 21 7.1 Method 1: Cleaning Process for Metallic Articles 21 7.2 Method 2: Cleaning Process for Non-Metallic Articles 21 7.3 Method 3: Cleaning Solvents for Oxygen G
13、auges. 22 8. OTHER ISSUES FOR CLEANING AIRCRAFT OXYGEN EQUIPMENT . 22 8.1 Methods for Cleaning of Oxygen Cylinders 23 9. NOTES 23 APPENDIX A 24 TABLE 1 MINIMUM RECOMMENDED CLEANLINESS LEVEL FOR EQUIPMENT 8 TABLE 2 ALLOWABLE PARTICLE SIZES AND COUNT 9 TABLE 3 CLEAN ROOM AND CONTROLLED AREA REQUIREMEN
14、TS 10 SAE ARP1176A Page 3 of 24 1. SCOPE This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides recommended practices for cleaning aircraft oxygen equipment such as tubing, pieces, parts (including regulator and valve parts), cylinders and ground-based equipment that may be used to support aircraft
15、oxygen systems. This revision introduces a cleanliness coding scheme that can be referenced as a requirement, and/or referenced to identify compliance to meeting such a requirement. These methods may apply to gaseous and liquid oxygen equipment. This document specifies work area details, methods to
16、select suitable cleaning agents, cleaning methods, test methods to verify cleanliness level, and methods of packaging the components and parts after cleaning. Technicians designated to clean oxygen equipment must be qualified and trained to clean oxygen equipment. This ARP is applicable to metallic
17、and non-metallic parts. 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this document is to provide recommended methods to clean aircraft oxygen equipment and ground-based equipment to support aircraft oxygen systems. This document outlines minimum accepted practices to clean oxygen parts. It is intended that oxygen equ
18、ipment cleaning operations perform to a minimum level that will be suitable to preclude toxic and fire hazards for the application and conditions the equipment will be exposed to. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified h
19、erein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Noth
20、ing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
21、, www.sae.org. ARP598 Aerospace Microscopic Sizing and Counting of Particulate Contamination for Fluid Power Systems AIR5742 Packaging and Transportation of Oxygen Equipment 2.1.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2
22、959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM G93 Standard Practice for Cleaning Methods for Materials and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched Environments ASTM G120 Standard Practice for Determination of Soluble Residual Contamination in Materials and Components by Soxhlet Extraction ASTM G121 Practice
23、for Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents for Use in Oxygen-Enriched Systems and Components ASTM G122 Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Cleaning Effectiveness of Cleaning Agents ASTM G127 Standard Guide for the Selection of Cleaning Agents for Oxygen Sy
24、stems ASTM G128 Standard Guide for the Control of Hazards and Risks in Oxygen Systems SAE ARP1176A Page 4 of 24 ASTM G131 Standard Practice for Cleaning of Materials and Components by Ultrasonic Techniques ASTM G136 Standard Practice for the Determination of Soluble Residual Contaminants of Material
25、s and Components by Ultrasonic Extraction ASTM G144 Test Method for Determination of Residual Contamination of Materials and Components by Total Carbon Analysis Using a High Temperature Combustion Analyzer 2.1.3 U.S. Government Publications Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Rob
26、bins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Tel: 215-697-6396, http:/quicksearch.dla.mil/. BB-A-1034 Compressed Air, Breathing CGA-G4 Oxygen A-A-59503 Nitrogen, Technical ISO 14644-1 Cleanrooms and Associated Controlled Environments - Part 1: Classification of Air Cleanliness ISO 14644-2 Cleanrooms an
27、d Associated Controlled Environments - Part 2: Specifications for Testing and Monitoring to Prove Continued Compliance with ISO 14644-1 MIL-STD-1330 Cleaning and Testing of Shipboard Oxygen, Helium, Nitrogen, and Hydrogen Gas Piping Systems MIL-HDBK-407 Contamination Control Technology Precision Cle
28、aning Methods and Procedures 2.1.4 NASA Publications Available from NASA, Documentation, Marshall Space Flight Center, AL 35812, www.nas.nasa.gov. NASA JSC/WSTF Specification No. 022, Chemical and Cleanliness Requirements for WSTF Test Hardware and Facility Equipment, 17 Feb 1987. 2.1.5 Other Public
29、ations “Evaluation of Solvent Alternatives for Cleaning of Oxygen Systems,” by Harold Beeson, NASA Johnson Space Center, White Sands Test Facility, Las Cruces, New Mexico; Paul Biesinger and Rafaol Delgado, Allied-Signal Technical Services Corp. Team, White Sands Test Facility, Las Cruces, New Mexic
30、o, and Neil Antin, Naval Sea Systems Command, CO3L, Arlington, Virginia; 1997. IATA Resolution 618, International Air Transport Association, 800 Place Victoria, Montreal, QC H4Z1M1. ADR European Agreement, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland. SAE ARP1176A Pa
31、ge 5 of 24 2.2 Definitions AQUEOUS CLEANING: A cleaning process using clean non-ionic water to clean equipment. A cleaning agent may be added to the water to increase the capability of the water to clean as mentioned in the aqueous cleaning solution definition. AQUEOUS CLEANING SOLUTION: An aqueous
32、cleaning solution is a water based cleaner whose constituents are soluble inorganic compounds such as silicates or phosphates or soluble organic compounds such as non-ionic surfactant or combinations thereof. Examples of aqueous cleaning solutions include commercial detergents which generally contai
33、n both soluble inorganic and organic compounds and navy oxygen cleaner (NOC) which contains only soluble inorganic compounds. CLEAN: Cleaned to a specified cleanliness level by the removal of contaminants. Clean refers to the absence of scale, particulate, oil, and grease contaminants at a level bel
34、ow that which adversely affects the operation or reliability of the component or system. The process of cleaning should not affect the form, fit, or function of the item being cleaned. CLEANING AGENT: Any compound or substance, which promotes the removal of contaminants through mechanical or chemica
35、l action, may be called a cleaning agent. CLEANING METHOD: A procedure for bringing a suitable cleaning agent in contact with all surfaces to be cleaned under the proper conditions and for a sufficient length of time to remove contaminants and loose particles to the required cleanliness level. CLEAN
36、 ROOM: A clean room is a permanent area where a high degree of cleanliness is continuously achieved by employing varying degrees of control and monitoring of environmental items such as ventilation, filtration, temperature, humidity, pressure, personnel, clothing, and room maintenance. Refer to Sect
37、ion 4 for clean room requirements. CLEANING SOLVENT: A cleaning solvent is any material that exhibits the capability to dissolve other substances through chemical action and, for the purposes of this document, is 100% volatile. An example would be a hydrocarbon solvent such as isopropyl alcohol (IPA
38、), which is very flammable. CLEANLINESS: The degree of success in preventing contamination from being present in an oxygen system is cleanliness. Cleanliness and contamination are inverse properties in that increasing cleanliness implies decreasing contamination. CLEANLINESS LEVEL: An established ma
39、ximum allowable distribution of contamination of a non-volatile residue of a specified threshold per area or particles of a given size, quantity and distribution per specified volume or area. COMPONENT: An integral unit part of an assembly or system is a component. Examples are tubes, ducts, tanks,
40、valves, actuators, reservoirs, and accumulators. CONTAMINANT: A foreign or unwanted substance that can have deleterious effects on system operation, life, reliability or safety. CONTAMINATION: The amount of material (that typically is not oxygen compatible) in a system that is not intended to be the
41、re. Contamination and cleanliness are inverse properties in that increasing cleanliness implies decreasing contamination. CONTROLLED CLEAN AREA: A controlled clean area is an area where a high degree of cleanliness is temporarily achieved and maintained by the use of boundaries, air filtration, and
42、the enforcement of controls on personnel access, operations, and area maintenance. Controlled clean areas are most often used for cleaning oxygen equipment where a high degree of cleanliness is necessary, but the requirements are not as stringent as an ISO Class 8 clean room. Refer to Section 4 for
43、controlled clean area requirements. SAE ARP1176A Page 6 of 24 FIBERS: Particulate matter with a length of 100 m or greater, and a length-to-width ratio of 10 to 1 or greater. FILTRATION: The process of removing contaminants from a gas or liquid by passing them through porous media. GASEOUS OXYGEN: G
44、aseous oxygen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas slightly heavier than air. Oxygen strongly supports and rapidly accelerates the combustion of many materials. If the correct oxygen pressure and temperature are present most materials react with oxygen. GENERAL CLEAN ROOM: A room setup specifical
45、ly to clean, assemble, and package oxygen equipment. There should be some control exercised over the room to maintain the cleanliness needed to clean to the levels needed. General clean rooms are the most commonly used areas or rooms to clean aircraft oxygen equipment. Refer to Section 4 for general
46、 clean room requirements. GROSS CLEANING: Preliminary or rough cleaning to remove scale, rust, metal chips, dirt, etc. This cleaning is done in a normal work area to visual inspection standards. Gross cleaning is not appropriate to do in a controlled clean area or room. LIQUID OXYGEN (LOX): An extre
47、mely cold, -297 F (-183 C), pale blue, clear liquid, slightly more dense than water and strongly paramagnetic. It strongly supports and rapidly accelerates the combustion of all flammable materials. Note that a hydrocarbon in contact with LOX will ignite explosively under the influence of pressure.
48、NON-VOLATILE RESIDUE (NVR): The organic and inorganic material remaining on the surface after evaporation of the solvent or volatile liquid. NON-METALLICS: Organic and inorganic materials such as ceramics, glasses, polymer, rubber, cloth, wood and paper products. OXYGEN COMPATIBILITY: The ability of
49、 a substance to coexist with both oxygen and a potential source(s) of ignition within the acceptable risk parameter of the user (at an expected pressure and temperature). OXYGEN SERVICE: Surface or part of the equipment that comes in direct contact with oxygen is referred to as the part that sees oxygen service. This is also referred to as the wetted surface. PARTICULATE: A general term used to describe a finely divided solid of organic
