1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2014 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/ARP1797A AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE ARP1797 REV. A Issued 1983-09 Revised 199
5、9-04 Reaffirmed 2014-12 Superseding ARP1797 Aircraft and Aircraft Engine Fuel Pump Low Lubricity Fluid Endurance Test RATIONALE ARP1797A has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE five-year review policy. INTRODUCTIONIn recent years more hydrotreating and hydrocracking equipment is being used in the
6、 production of aircraft turbine fuels. Hydrogen refining techniques remove the crude oils sulfur and polar constituents. Some high quality hydro-refined fuel products have very poor lubricating properties. These low lubricity fuels have caused friction and wear problems in aircraft components. A sta
7、ndard test method is required to provide a basis for evaluating the capability of aircraft and aircraft engine fuel pumps utilizing these low lubricity fuels. The procedure recommended herein is based on experience gathered by a number of facilities conducting component tests to investigate low lubr
8、icity fuels. In addition, this procedure is intended for the investigation of potential wear problems in fluid machinery due to low lubricity fluids and not wear or material removal problems associated witih fluid viscosity, cavitation, machine geometry and aircraft operational modes that impact bea
9、rings, bearing dams, and gear surfaces. Also, this procedure is not intended as a qualification test procedure.1. SCOPE:This procedure is intended to apply to fuel pumps.This procedure will be defined in terms of recommended test fluid, test setup, test conditions, and test method.This procedure may
10、 be used for other fuel system components, by testing in conjunction with the pump, which normally supplies the component inlet flow, or a substitute test pump of similar capacity.This procedure may be used, with variations in test conditions and test fluid for performing pump evaluation tests. Test
11、s at progressively increasing pump speeds and pressures will provide design limitation data. Alternate test periods on a test pump and another pump, of a design for which actual service durability is known, will provide useful comparison data.1.1 Purpose:This recommended practice defines procedures
12、for testing aircraft and aircraft engine fuel pumps to ensure their operability with respect to low lubricity fuels. This is achieved by verification testing on a standard low lubricity test fluid. This procedure is intended to produce a uniform reproducible test condition for fuel pump endurance te
13、sting using low lubricity fluid, to provide a common reference for endurance capability. Pump endurance capability is to be established in terms of internal parts wear and change in pump performance. Pass/fail criterion are normally established by the purchasing authority. This document is not a pum
14、p qualification test procedure.2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS:The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order.
15、In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.2.1 ASTM Publications:Available from ASTM, 1
16、00 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.ASTM D 5001 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Tubine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder Fuel Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)ASTM D 4306 Standard Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamin
17、ation2.2 Reference Documents:NAPTC PE-112 Lubricity Properties of High Temperature Jet Fuel by L. Grabel, August 1977ASTM D 5001-90-”95” Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)2.3 U.S. Government Specifications:Available
18、from DODSSP, Subscription Services Desk, Building 4D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.MIL-PRF-7024E Calibrating Fluids, Aircraft Fuel System Components3. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS:3.1 Duration of Test:100 hSAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1797A 2 OF 73.2 Test Fluid:The value and validity of low lubri
19、city tests, as defined by this document, are dependent on consistently maintained and accurate lubricity measurement of the test fluid. The following fluid and wear scar limits are recommended:Test Fluid: MIL-PRF-7024 Type IIWear Scar: Between 0.85 mm and 0.96 mm. The wear scar shall be measured by
20、the test method defined in ASTM D 5001.3.3 Test Setup:In accordance with Figure 1 and Appendix A.3.4 Test Conditions:1. Pump speed, engine flow, and discharge pressure shall be maintained at the conditions required for engine maximum normal steady-state loading condition for the duration of the test
21、.2. Ambient temperature and pressure: Normal Facility3. Fluid pressure in supply tank (P1): As required to maintain P24. Fluid pressure at pump inlet (P2): Within normal pump operation therefore between the pumps specified minimum and maximum inlet pressure.5. Fluid temperature in supply tank (T1):
22、3 C (5 F) of T26. Fluid temperature at pump inlet (T2): 38 to 41 C (100 to 106 F) or that determined by the gear stage inlet temperature of the performance specification for the conditions specified in 1.7. Accuracy of flow, temperature, speed, pressure and instrumentation shall be within 1% of actu
23、al value.3.5 Precautions:This document may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This procedure does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this procedure to consult and establish appropriate safety and he
24、alth practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1797A 3 OF 74. DETAIL REQUIREMENTS:4.1 The test setup will be made in accordance with Figure 1.4.1.1 Supply tank minimum volume shall be equivalent to maximum test flow for 1 min or 0.3 m3(75 g
25、al) whichever is smaller.4.1.2 Fluid contacting surfaces, except for fluid test article interfaces and filter media, shall not contain materials that will be reactive with the test fluid. Therefore, materials such as rubber, pipe joint compounds, packing lubricants, copper, etc. are not permitted.4.
26、1.3 The test setup shall be constructed such that all surfaces in contact with the fluid can be cleaned.4.1.4 Adequate vents must be provided to allow removal of all trapped air.4.1.5 The test setup must be adequately grounded to dissipate static charges generated during filling and testing.4.1.6 Fi
27、xtures and fittings must be provided in order to simulate fluid installation interfaces. If a test or setup unit is used for setting up the test rig, the actual fixtures and fittings of the test setup must be used.4.1.7 Flow setting and measurement piping arrangement is optional in order to allow si
28、mulation of operational arrangement (see Figure 1). However, the arrangement must be such that the total pump flow can be determined and monitored by one or a combination of the flow meters.4.1.8 The sample container shall be constructed of a material that does not contribute to the lubricity of the
29、 sample per ASTM D 4306.4.2 The test setup shall be prepared by installing the test fluid in the test setup and circulating with the test pump or a test equipment pump, in place of the test pump, to obtain the required fluid condition in accordance with 3.2. The affected piece parts shall be replace
30、d if used for set up preparation and if more than 10 h is required to obtain the required fuel condition.SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1797A 4 OF 7FIGURE 14.3 The test pump shall be prepared for test as follows:4.3.1 The pump shall be assembled and acceptance tested in accordance with applicable assembly and
31、 acceptance test requirements. In addition, pump performance shall be recorded at the test conditions at which the pump will be operated during endurance testing per 4.4.4.3.2 The pump shall be disassembled, visually inspected and photographed, and all unusual part conditions recorded. All pertinent
32、 wear surfaces shall be measured and recorded in a manner to provide a basis for wear determination.4.3.3 Following inspection, each detail part shall be washed with an unchlorinated solvent and then flushed with test fluid that complies with the requirements for test fluid as defined in 3.2.SAE INT
33、ERNATIONAL ARP1797A 5 OF 74.3.4 The pump shall be reassembled with no lubricants except test fluid as defined in 3.2.4.4 The pump shall be mounted in the test setup and operated in accordance with the test conditions defined by 3.4.4.5 During the test, fluid samples shall be drawn at the test pump i
34、nlet at convenient intervals but no more than 20 h maximum. Applicable test time will commence with the taking of the first of two consecutive samples, extracted 30 min apart, that comply with the lubricity measurement requirements of 3.2.CAUTION: The sampling technique and sample vessel can signifi
35、cantly affect lubricity test data. Therefore fuel sample containers shall be constructed of a material that does not contribute to the lubricity of the sample and must be cleaned and flushed before use. The sampling technique and sample containers should be in accordance with ASTM D 4306. Glass samp
36、le bottles are acceptable but the cap liners must be compatible and not affect the outcome of the test. A mylar film between the cap liner and the bottle is one method of preventing the cap liner from contaminating the test results. Plastic materials with molded in release agents or plasticizers may
37、 not be used.The test setup clay filter may be used to filter all or any portion of the circulating fluid as required to maintain the required fluid condition.4.5.1 If fluid is added during the test it must pass the requirements of 3.2.4.5.2 If a fluid sample fails compliance with 3.2 the test must
38、be stopped and the fluid reconditioned to the requirements of 3.2. The test must be restarted at the last acceptable fluid sample time before the sample failed.4.6 Following the test, the pump shall be acceptance tested to the same procedure employed in 4.3.1.4.7 Following acceptance test, the pump
39、shall be disassembled and inspected to the same procedure employed in 4.3.2.4.8 All test and inspection data shall be compiled in comparative tabulations to define performance changes and detail parts wear in relation to applicable new part requirements, service, and overhaul requirements.4.9 A repo
40、rt shall be prepared which documents the entire test and provides performance and wear data and comments and explanations as required to clarify all data observations.PREPARED BY SAE SUBCOMMITTEE AE-5B, ENGINE RELATEDCOMPONENTS AND AIRFRAME MOUNTED PUMPS OF SAE COMMITTEE AE-5,AEROSPACE FUEL, OIL, AN
41、D OXIDIZER SYSTEMSSAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1797A 6 OF 7APPENDIX AA.1 TEST SETUP LESSONS LEARNED:1. Corrosion resistant steel fluid surfaces are recommended.2. V-Band type aluminum seal is recommended for flared tube connections.3. CPTFE tape for pipe joints is recommended.4. Short lengths of CRES bellow
42、s lined hose can be used where alignment and vibration isolation is required. The bellows lines should be considered disposable because of contamination and the difficulty of cleaning them.5. Usage of straight tube heat exchangers is recommended.6. Cap all open lines and connections when the test se
43、tup is opened for any reason.7. When testing is shut down for short periods of time the gaseous tank head, N2, should be maintained to prevent back diffusion of O2.8. The clay filter media should be changed as required to maintain required fluid lubricity.9. Water content can be minimized and vapor
44、areas inerted by bubbling dry N2 into the tank, at a low level, and venting it at the tank top.10. To minimize dissolved N2 in the test fluid, operation at minimum tank pressure, consistent with normal pump operation, is recommended.11. Additional test fluid that is required may be clay filtered and
45、 passed through a water separator as required for fuel lubricity. A test fluid reserve should be set up prior to testing or a separate clay filter/water separator assembly should be provided.12. The containers that store the additional test fluid (reserve clay filtered fluid) must be thoroughly clea
46、ned with a nonchlorinated solvent and flushed with clay filtered test fluid.13. Measurements of other fluid properties influenced by the clay filtering process are recommended for comparison of other pumps and test data. Two measurements of possible importance are as follows:a. Interfacial Tension (
47、Dynes per cm squared): 44 to 50 is the expected range(ASTM D 971-50)b. Constant Volume Drop Test (seconds): 100 min is the expected range14. When assembling the Test article, the assembler may wear cotton gloves to prevent contamination of component parts/assembly from contamination.SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1797A 7 OF 7
