1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefro
2、m, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2000 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.
3、A.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790 SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICEARP4946Issued 2000-10Aerospace - Valves, Check, Hydraulic, Aircraft and MissileTABLE OF CONTENTS1. SCOPE .41.1 Purpose.41.2
4、 Classification.41.3 Field of Application41.4 Standard Parts 51.5 Specification Sheets .52. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS52.1 SAE Publications 52.2 U.S. Government Publications62.3 FAR Publications from the FAA 62.4 Joint Aviation Authorities Committee Documents .62.5 Radio Technical Commission for Aeronauti
5、cs Documents .63. REQUIREMENTS.73.1 Qualification 73.2 General .73.3 Design and Constructioin73.3.1 Design.73.3.2 Design Specification .73.3.3 Materials .73.4 Performance .73.4.1 Immersion .73.4.2 Proof Pressure83.4.3 Surge Flow83.4.4 Leakage 83.4.5 Cracking Pressure 103.4.6 Pressure Drop.103.4.7 En
6、vironmental Conditions .10SAE ARP4946 - 2 -TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)3.4.8 Endurance.103.4.9 Impulse Cycling.103.4.10 Burst Pressure 103.4.11 Vibration103.4.12 Flexural Strength (for In-line Installation)103.4.13 Repeated Assembly103.5 Hydraulic Line Dimensions (Tube OD) .103.6 Weight.103.7 Ident
7、ification of Product 103.8 Workmanship 114. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS114.1 Responsibility for Inspection .114.1.1 Responsibility for Compliance.114.2 Classification of Inspection/Testing.114.3 Qualification Inspection/Testing 114.3.1 Qualification Test Samples .114.3.2 Qualification Required.124.
8、3.3 Tests .124.4 Quality Conformance Inspection (Production Acceptance Testing)134.4.1 Individual Tests .134.5 Test Conditions .134.5.1 Test Fluid 134.5.2 Temperature .134.5.3 Valve Axis Position .134.5.4 Immersion .134.6 Inspection Methods.134.6.1 Examination of Product.134.6.2 Proof Pressure144.6.
9、3 Surge Flow144.6.4 Leakage 154.6.5 Cracking Pressure 164.6.6 Pressure Drop.164.6.7 Environmental Tests .164.6.8 Endurance.174.6.9 Impulse Cycling.174.6.10 Burst Pressure 174.6.11 Vibration174.6.12 Flexural Strength (for In-line Installation)194.6.13 Repeated Assembly (for In-line Installation) .195
10、. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY.196. NOTES206.1 Ordering Data .206.2 Key Words 20SAE ARP4946 - 3 -TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)FIGURE 1 Typical Setup for Surge Flow Test.9FIGURE 2 Endurance Test Setup .18FIGURE 3 Flexural Strength Test Setup .20SAE ARP4946 - 4 -1. SCOPE:This SAE Aerospace Recommended Pra
11、ctice (ARP) establishes the general requirements for spring-loaded, normally closed check valves for use in Type I, Type II, or Type III aircraft and missile hydraulic systems having nominal operating pressure shown in Table 1.1.1 Purpose:The purpose of this document is to provide, in one document,
12、the general requirements for design, construction, acceptance, and qualification test requirements for hydraulic system check valves (see Table 2).1.2 Classification:The check valves shall be of the classes based on the applicable operating pressures (see Table 1).1.3 Field of Application:This docum
13、ent applies to hydraulic system check valves which are installed into components, manifolds, or tube lines or are of a cartridge type valve design.TABLE 1ClassNominal RatedOperating Pressurepsi (kPa)1500 1 500 (10 342)3000 3 000 (20 685)4000 4 000 (27 580)5000 5 000 (34 475)8000 8 000 (55 160)TABLE
14、2TypeTemperature RangeF (C)I -65 (-54) to +160 ( +71)II -65 (-54) to +275 (+135)III -65 (-54) to +450 (+232)SAE ARP4946 - 5 -1.4 Standard Parts:Check valves shall be furnished in the sizes specified on the applicable specification sheet. Standard parts shall be used wherever they are suitable for th
15、e purpose and shall be identified on the drawing by their part numbers. In the event there is no suitable corresponding standard part in effect, nonstandard/commercial parts may be used provided they conform to all requirements of this specification.1.5 Specification Sheets:The individual item requi
16、rements shall be as specified herein and in accordance with the applicable specification sheet. In the event of any conflict between the requirements of this recommended practice and the specification sheet, the latter shall govern.2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS:The following publications form a part of th
17、is document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein (except for
18、associated detail specifications or specification sheets), the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.2.1 SAE Publications:Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrenda
19、le, PA 15096-0001.ARP24 Determination of Hydraulic Pressure DropARP603 Impulse Testing of Hydraulic Hose, Tubing, and Fitting AssembliesARP1185 Flexure Testing of Hydraulic Tubing Joints and FittingsAS1241 Fluid, Fire Resistant, Phosphate-Ester Hydraulic Fluid for AircraftARP1383 Impulse Testing of
20、Hydraulic Actuators, Valves, Pressure Containers and Similar Fluid System ComponentsAS4059 Aerospace - Cleanliness Classification for Hydraulic FluidsAS4841 Fittings, 37 Flared, Fluid ConnectionAS4941 Aerospace - General Requirements for Commercial Aircraft Hydraulic ComponentsAS5440 Hydraulic Syste
21、ms, Aircraft, Design and Installation, Requirements forAS8775 Hydraulic System Components, Aircraft and Missiles, General Requirements forAMS-T-6845 Tubing Steel, Corrosion-Resistant (S30400), Aerospace Vehicle Hydraulic System, 1/8 Hard ConditionSAE ARP4946 - 6 -2.2 U.S. Government Publications:Ava
22、ilable from DODSSP, Subscription Services Desk, Building 4D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.MIL-F-18280 Fitting, Flareless Tube, Fluid ConnectionMIL-PRF-83282 Hyd, Fluid, Fire Resistant, Synthetic Hydrocarbon Base, Metric, NATO Code No. H-537MIL-F-85421 Fitting, Tube, Fluid Systems,
23、 Separable, Dynamic Beam Seal, Requirements forMIL-F-85720 Fitting, Tube, Fluid Systems, Separable, High Pressure Dynamic Beam Seal, General Specification forMIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and StorageMIL-STD-130 Identification MarkingMIL-STD-810 Environmental Test Methods and Engineering Guideline
24、s2.3 FAR Publications from the FAA:Available from the Federal Aviation Administration, 800 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20591.FAR Part 25 Federal Aviation Regulations Airworthiness Standards2.4 Joint Aviation Authorities Committee Documents:Available from the Civil Aviation Authority, Pri
25、nting and Publications Services, Grenville House, Cheltenham, Glos. GL50 2BN.JAR Part 25 Transport Category Airplanes Joint Airworthiness Regulations2.5 Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics Documents:Available from RTCA Secretariat, 44 Suite 500, 1425 K Street, Washington, DC 20005.RTCA/DO-160
26、 Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment (Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics)SAE ARP4946 - 7 -3. REQUIREMENTS:3.1 Qualification:The valves furnished under this recommended practice shall be products which have been tested and passed the qualification test specifie
27、d herein.3.2 General:The requirements of AS8775 and AS4941 (as appropriate for the valves application) shall apply as requirements of this recommended practice, with the exceptions and additions specified herein. When this document and the applicable above referenced specifications conflict, this re
28、commended practice shall govern.3.3 Design and Construction:3.3.1 Design: The design of the check valves shall be one that offers the least resistance to flow and minimum possible weight consistent with the requirements of this document and the applicable specification sheets.3.3.2 Design Specificat
29、ion: Valves shall be of a design, construction, and physical dimensions as specified on the applicable specification sheets.3.3.3 Materials: All metals used shall be corrosion resistant and shall be compatible with the hydraulic fluid approved by the procuring activity.3.3.3.1 Aluminum Alloys: Alumi
30、num alloys shall not be used in the construction of check valves of Class 5000 and above.3.3.3.2 Nonmetals: All nonmetals including plastics, elastomeric materials, adhesives and protective finishes shall not be capable of supporting fungus growth and shall not be adversely affected by weathering. A
31、ll nonmetals shall be compatible with the hydraulic fluid and temperatures specified by the procuring activity. Materials requiring age control are not recommended.3.3.3.3 Materials: For commercial aircraft applications, materials shall conform to FAR/JAR Part 25, sections 25.603 and 25.613.3.4 Perf
32、ormance:3.4.1 Immersion: Valves containing nonmetallic materials shall conform to all performance requirements specified herein after being immersed for 72 hours in a fluid that is used in the application (for example, MIL-PRF-83282 or AS1241) over the temperature range specified in Section 1 for Ty
33、pe I, II, or III systems.SAE ARP4946 - 8 -3.4.2 Proof Pressure: The valve shall withstand a proof pressure listed in Tables 3A and 3B over the temperature range specified in Section 1 for Type I, II, or III systems.3.4.3 Surge Flow: The valve shall sustain no damage to the poppet, spring, or any oth
34、er part when subjected to 25 cycles of flow surge operation. Starting with a system pressure as shown in Table6 in the test setup shown in Figure 1, each cycle shall consist of subjecting the valve to surge flows for a minimum of 5 seconds in the free-flow direction and a minimum of 3 seconds in the
35、 check direction (see 4.6.3).3.4.4 Leakage: When held in the horizontal or vertical position, the leakage rate of the valve shall not exceed the values specified in Table 4 (see 4.6.4).TABLE 3AClassProof Pressure(psi)Burst Pressure(psi)1500 2 250 +100/-0 3 750 +125/-03000 4 500 +150/-0 7 500 +250/-0
36、4000 6 000 +200/-0 10 000 +350/-05000 7 500 +250/-0 12 500 +400/-08000 12 000 +400/-0 16 000 +550/-0TABLE 3BClassProof Pressure(kPa)Burst Pressure(kPa)1500 15 514 +690/-0 25 856 +862/-03000 31 028 +1 035/-0 51 712 +1 725/-04000 41 370 +1 380/-0 68 950 +2 415/-05000 51 712 +1 725/-0 86 190 +2 760/-08
37、000 82 740 +2 760/-0 110 320 +3 795/-0TABLE 4 - Internal LeakagePressurepsiPressure(kPa)Maximum Leakage Rate(Drops Per 30 min)5 35 301 000 6 895 NoneApplicable Class OperatingPressure (Table 1)Applicable Class OperatingPressure (Table 1)NoneSAE ARP4946 - 9 -FIGURE 1 - Typical Setup for Surge Flow Te
38、stSAE ARP4946 - 10 -3.4.5 Cracking Pressure: The cracking pressure shall not be less than 2 psi (13.8 kPa) or greater than 8psi (55 kPa) (see 4.6.5).3.4.6 Pressure Drop: When tested as specified in 4.6.6, the pressure drop through the valve shall not exceed 15 psi (310 kPa), at a rated flow shown on
39、 the applicable specification sheet, with fluid stabilized at 100 F (38 C).3.4.7 Environmental Conditions: The valve shall withstand operating temperatures ranging from -65 F (-54 C) to the maximum temperature specified in 1.1 for Type I, II, or III system without detrimental effect (see 4.6.7).3.4.
40、8 Endurance: When tested as specified in 4.6.8, the valve shall operate without malfunction through the endurance cycles at the rate of 30 to 100 cpm over the temperature range specified in Section 1 for Type I, II, or III systems.3.4.9 Impulse Cycling: The check valve shall be capable of meeting th
41、e performance requirements of this document after being subjected to the impulse test per 4.6.9 applied to the inlet and outlet ports simultaneously.3.4.10 Burst Pressure: When tested as specified in 4.6.10, the valve shall withstand a burst pressure listed in Table 3.3.4.11 Vibration: When tested a
42、s specified in 4.6.11, the valve shall operate without malfunction or mechanical failure.3.4.12 Flexural Strength (for In-line Installation): When tested as specified in 4.6.12, the valve shall withstand flexing at high temperature without detrimental effect.3.4.13 Repeated Assembly: The valve shall
43、 be subjected to and meet the requirements of the repeated assembly test as specified in 4.6.13 (not applicable for self-retaining cartridge valves).3.5 Hydraulic Line Dimensions (Tube OD):Dimensions of hydraulic lines/port connections shall be as specified on the applicable specification sheets.3.6
44、 Weight:The weight of the valve shall be in accordance with the specification sheets, as applicable.3.7 Identification of Product:Equipment, assemblies, and parts shall be marked for identification in accordance withMIL-STD-130 or per applicable specification sheet.SAE ARP4946 - 11 -3.8 Workmanship:
45、All details of workmanship shall be of sufficiently high grade to ensure proper operation and service life.4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS:4.1 Responsibility for Inspection:Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, the supplier is responsible for the performance of all inspection
46、 requirements as specified herein. The supplier/manufacturer shall be approved by the purchaser and the airworthiness authorities (where applicable) for the design, manufacture, and qualification of the valve.4.1.1 Responsibility for Compliance: All items must meet all requirements of Sections 3 and
47、 5.4.2 Classification of Inspection/Testing:The examination and testing of valves shall be classified as follows:a. Qualification Inspection/Testing (4.3)b. Quality Conformance Inspection/Testing (same as Production Acceptance Testing) (4.4)4.3 Qualification Inspection/Testing:4.3.1 Qualification Te
48、st Samples: The qualification test samples shall consist of a minimum of two valves. Samples shall be identified with the manufacturers own part number and any additional information required by the letter of authorization.4.3.1.1 Minimum Clearance Test Sample: One test sample shall be assembled of
49、parts selected so that the clearance with regard to linear and diametrical tolerances between all structural members, conducive to malfunctioning at extreme temperatures, shall not be less than 100% or greater than 110% of the minimum design clearance permitted by the manufacturers drawings. For cases of sliding seals where packing friction would influence the performance of the valve, such as pistons operated by springs, the maximum packing friction anticipated shall be induced in the test sample. This may be accomplished by th
