1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2014 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this pu
3、blication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970
4、 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/ARP5655AEROSPACERECOMMENDED PRACTICEARP5655Issued 2009-01 Reaffirmed 2014-05 Safety
5、 Briefings for Passengers in Exit Rows RATIONALEARP5655 has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE five-year review policy. 1. SCOPE This SAE ARP provides guidance for (1) ensuring passenger suitability for being seated in an exit row and (2) the standardization of safety briefings for passengers, s
6、eated at exits, who may be responsible for opening exits on transport airplanes during an emergency. This recommendation is primarily for briefing passengers seated in the Type III overwing exit row, but may be applied to briefing passengers responsible for other exit types. In addition, these recom
7、mendations pertain to briefings on airplanes on which the flight attendants would conduct the exit row briefing, and to briefings on airplanes without flight attendants, on which pilots would conduct the briefing. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Related Publications The following publications are provided for inf
8、ormation purposes. Nothing in this document supersedes applicable laws and regulations. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. ARP1384 Passenger
9、Safety Information Briefing Cards and Video Briefings 2.1.2 FAA Publications Available from Federal Aviation Administration, 800 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20591, Tel: 866-835-5322, www.faa.gov. FAA Advisory Circular (AC) 121-24C, Passenger Safety Information Briefing and Briefing Cards
10、 U. S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, 25.813 Emergency exit access U. S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, 121.585, 135.129 Exit seating U. S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, 121.571 Briefing passengers before takeoff; 125.327, 135.117 Briefing of passengers before flight Air Tra
11、nsportation Operations Inspectors Handbook 8400.10, Volume 3, Chapter 16, Section 6, Paragraph 2407 2.1.3 NTSB Publications Available from National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161. NTSB/SS-85/09 Safety Study Airline Passenger Safety Education: A Review of Methods Used to Present
12、 Safety Information NTSB/SS-00/01 Safety Study Emergency Evacuation of Commercial Airplanes 2.1.4 CAR Publications Available from Government of Canada Publications, Publishing and Depository Services, Ottawa, Canada K1A 0S9. Canadian Aviation Regulations 705.43, 704.34 Briefing of Passengers Flight
13、Attendant Training Standard TP 12296E, 7.2 Passenger Briefing Drills Advisory Circular 0181R, Passenger Seating Requirements Advisory Circular 0188, Passenger Safety Briefings 2.1.5 Transportation Safety Board of Canada Publications (TSB) Available from TSB, 200 Promenade du Portage, Hull, Quebec K1
14、A 1K8. SA9501 A Safety Study of Evacuations of Large, Passenger-Carrying Aircraft 2.2 Additional Information Air Accident Investigation Branch (AAIB; 1988). Report on the accident to Boeing 737-236 Series I, G-BGJL at Manchester International Airport on 22 August 1985 (Aircraft Accident Report 8/88)
15、. London. Chittum, C. B. and Lyne, P. J. (1991). The effects of passenger briefing on recall and utilization of safety-related information by adult passengers. (Memorandum No. AAM-630-91-3). FAA Civil Aerospace Medical Institute, Oklahoma City, OK. Cobbett, A. M., Liston, P., and Muir, H. (2001). An
16、 investigation into methods of briefing passengers at Type III Exits, CAA Paper 2001/6. Civil Aviation Authority: London. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP5655 Page 2 of 5_Crew Efforts Help Passengers Comprehend Safety Information, Cabin Crew Safety (November-December 2004), 39(6), Flight Safety Foundation: Ale
17、xandria, VA. Gerwick, W. (2003). Taking exit row seating seriously, Journal of Air Law and Commerce, 68(2), 449-473. Many Passengers in Exit Seats Benefit from Additional Briefings, Cabin Crew Safety (May-June 2001), 36(3), Flight Safety Foundation: Alexandria, VA. McLean, G. A., Corbett, C. L., Lar
18、cher, K. G., McDown, J. R., Palmerton, D. A., Porter, K. A., Shaffstall, R. M., Odom, R. S. (2002). Access-to-egress I: Interactive effects of factors that control the emergency evacuation of nave passengers through the transport airplane Type-III overwing exit (DOT/FAA/AM-02/16). NTIS: Springfield,
19、 VA 22161. Parkinson, S. E. and Muir, H. (1995). The effect of training, overtraining and transfer of training on passenger performance in a simulated aircraft emergency. (Cranfield University, UK) Paper presented at the Southern California Safety Institute 12thAnnual International Cabin Safety Symp
20、osium, Torrance, CA. 2.3 Definitions Exit Row Seat: Each seat in a row of seats, facing the passageway from the center aisle to the exit, that passengers would have to pass to gain access to an exit. Shall: Indicates a mandatory criterion. Should: Indicates a criterion for which an alternative, incl
21、uding noncompliance, may be applied if it is documented and justified. 3. BACKGROUND Evacuation delays, attributable to passenger inattention to safety materials and crewmember failure to ensure passengers understanding of their responsibilities in emergency evacuations, hold a potential for drastic
22、 consequences. The difference between successful and unsuccessful emergency evacuations can be a matter of only a few seconds; thus, any delay by a passenger in opening an exit may have fatal effects (see NTSB/SS-85/09, 00/01; TSB SA9501; AAIB 8/88). Many passengers request exit row seating because
23、it offers more legroom, not because they want to bear the safety burden for their fellow travelers. Despite national aviation regulations related to the suitability of passengers permitted to occupy an exit row seat, crewmembers are not required to assess the passengers understanding of critical pro
24、cedures required for emergency evacuations that exit row passengers may need to perform. The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration “strongly encourages air carriers to require crew members to provide a preflight personal briefing to each passenger seated in an exit seat” (AC 121-24C) and the benefit
25、of personal safety briefings has been demonstrated through research and practice, according to the National Transportation Safety Board. Typically, however, exit-row briefings are minimal in nature and consist only of asking passengers if they are aware of being seated in an exit row and are comfort
26、able with their potential safety duties. Passengers are then directed to the seat-pocket safety briefing cards, which they generally ignore (see NTSB/SS-00/01). Thus, exit row passengers fail to receive detailed briefings to prepare them for emergency evacuations, leaving them unaware of the actions
27、 they would need to take and the significance of those actions for their own safety, as well as that of their fellow passengers. This ARP provides recommendations for briefing passengers in exit rows to overcome this deficiency. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP5655 Page 3 of 5_4. PASSENGERS SEATED IN THE EXIT
28、ROW 4.1 Passengers should be assessed at or before arrival at the passenger-loading gate for conformance with approved selection criteria for exit row seating. Air carriers with unassigned seating, advance seat selection, self check-in kiosks, or other types of computer/internet technologies, which
29、allow self-selection of seating, should verify passenger eligibility for exit row seating at the loading gate. 4.2 Passengers seated in exit row seats shall be able to speak and read the language in which the crew gives the oral briefings and commands and in which the safety briefing cards are writt
30、en. 4.3 Passengers in exit row seats should be among the first passengers to board the airplane to allow time for an individual pre-flight oral briefing. 4.4 Alternate means of passenger eligibility verification, which expedite the screening and briefing process, should be implemented. For example,
31、air carriers could develop a promotional safety program (similar to frequent flier, bonus miles or other registered-passenger programs) by which passengers would be “pre-qualified” as exit row passengers by virtue of their flight history and ability to comply with the exit row seating regulations (e
32、.g., 14 CFR 121.585) and requirements. Recommended elements for such a program include: a. being a frequent flier and b. completing a survey on the air carriers website that asks questions about visual and aural capacity, dexterity, strength, mobility, primary and secondary languages, and c. complet
33、ing a short interactive electronic training module on the air carriers website that describes and illustrates tasks to be performed in an emergency, etc. and d. physically demonstrating the ability to meet the selection criteria to a designated air carrier representative (e.g., provide a doctors sta
34、tement that the passenger can lift 50 lb) and e. receiving an identification card (with space for their signature) that includes an oath to attend to the exit row briefing and f. being periodically “re-qualified.” 4.5 A cabin crewmember shall verify that exit row passengers continue to meet the sele
35、ction criteria during the pre-landing cabin safety check (e.g., they have not changed seats or become ill, intoxicated, or otherwise incapacitated). 5. BRIEFING EXIT ROW PASSENGERS 5.1 Exit row passengers shall receive a separate oral briefing in addition to the general pre-flight safety briefing gi
36、ven to all passengers. 5.2 The crewmember conducting the oral briefing shall motivate exit row passengers to focus on the content of the exit row briefing by making eye contact with each passenger seated in the exit row and insisting on each passengers attention. The crewmember shall require passeng
37、ers to remove headphones. Passengers should be advised that failure to attend to the briefing will result in reseating. 5.3 The crewmember conducting the briefing should use a visual tool(s) to promote understanding of the oral briefing. Visual tools should primarily include the safety information b
38、riefing card, which illustrates operation of the exit, the placard on or near the exit hatch/door, and the features of the exit itself (e.g., hatch handle). Note that the safety briefing cards are intended to supplement the oral briefing and should not supplant an oral exit row briefing (see AC 121-
39、24C). SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP5655 Page 4 of 5_5.4 The crewmember conducting the briefing should describe and/or illustrate to passengers seated in exit row seats the steps required to operate the exit in an emergency. These steps include, but are not limited to: a. The passengers may hear commands fro
40、m the crew, which they should follow. b. The passengers should visually check the environmental conditions outside the aircraft before opening the exit. The crewmember should explain the conditions, such as fire, that would preclude opening the exit. In cases where an exit is without an integral win
41、dow, the passengers should be shown how to assess the external conditions (e.g., looking through a window immediately forward or aft of the exit hatch/door). c. Instruction on the operation of the exit should include an explanation of how to access the handle or other operating mechanism, and exactl
42、y how to move it. The crewmember should explain what the passenger should expect when the exit opens (e.g., the exit hatch will become unhinged from its frame, the exit hatch must be brought inside or placed outside the aircraft; and the weight of the exit hatch). d. The operation of any evacuation
43、assist means associated with the exit (e.g., an inflatable slide) should be explained. e. What is expected of them after they operate the exit (e.g., where they should stand, how they should help other passengers to exit, how to get off wing). 5.5 Passengers seated in the exit row, especially in the
44、 outboard seat closest to the exit, should be made aware of the importance of performing their duties in an expeditious manner. 5.6 Passengers seated in the exit row, but not in the outboard seat closest to the exit, shall be advised that it might be necessary for them to hold the crowd off of the p
45、assenger who is opening the exit, to provide adequate time and space to do so. 5.7 Each passenger seated in the exit row should be alerted that by agreeing to sit in an exit row, the passenger is performing a service necessary to the safety of his/her self and fellow passengers. 5.8 Passengers seate
46、d in the exit row should be required to acknowledge to the crewmember conducting the briefing that they understand what has been told and demonstrated to them and that they are willing and able to assist and are comfortable with the responsibility. The crewmember should ask questions to assess passe
47、ngers understanding. Where any doubt exists about the ability of passengers to carry out emergency procedures, passengers should be reseated. 6. NOTES 6.1 A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes
48、, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY SAE COMMITTEE S-9, CABIN SAFETY PROVISIONS SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP5655 Page 5 of 5_
