1、 AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE Aviation Fuel Facilities Issued 2006-01 ARP5789 RATIONALEThis SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice contains general criteria for the planning, design, and construction of military and commercial ground based aviation fueling facilities that receive, store, distribute, a
2、nd dispense liquid aviation turbine fuels at airports. Its purpose is to provide a description of practices that are commonly recognized throughout the industry as proving beneficial in the planning, design, and construction of aviation fuel systems at airports. FOREWORDThe purpose of any aviation f
3、ueling system is to safely deliver clean, dry, on specification fuel to an aircraft. As is true for any type of system, there are peculiarities inherent to handling aviation fuels that are not readily apparent to anyone who does not design, build, or use these systems regularly. Aviation fueling sys
4、tems represent a barely measurable percentage of the overall construction industry; there are therefore very few companies or individuals who are aware of these peculiarities. With both the commercial airlines and the military going through a protracted cycle of downsizing and outsourcing, the porti
5、on of the industry that pays for and is ultimately responsible for these systems is losing many of its most experienced personnel. The purpose of this guide is to provide key individuals who are responsible for aviation fuel facilities an overview of general practices which have proven beneficial in
6、 planning, design, and construction. This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary and its applicability and suitability for any particular user, including any patent infringement arising there from, is the so
7、le responsibility of the user. SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any pate
8、nt infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2011 SAE International All rights
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10、 Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/ARP5789Reaffirmed 2011-11SAE ARP5789 - 2 - TABLE OF CO
11、NTENTS RATIONALE1 FOREWORD.1 1. SCOPE 7 1.1 Purpose7 1.2 Field of Application.7 1.3 Selecting Design Engineers, Project Managers, and Contractors .7 1.4 Limitations8 1.5 Military Fueling Systems 8 2. REFERENCES.9 2.1 Applicable Documents .9 2.1.1 SAE Publications10 2.1.2 ANSI and ASME Publications 1
12、0 2.1.3 API and IP Publications102.1.4 ASTM Publications.112.1.5 ATA Publications11 2.1.6 CRC Publications.112.1.7 FAA Publications11 2.1.8 ICC Publications.12 2.1.9 NACE Publications.122.1.10 NEMA Publications 122.1.11 NFPA Publications .122.1.12 Steel Tank Institute Publications12 2.1.13 UL Public
13、ations 13 2.1.14 U.S. Government Publications .13 2.2 Related Documents13 2.2.1 CSA Publications .132.2.2 U.S. Government Publications .13 2.3 Definitions, Symbols, and Terminology14 3. DESCRIPTION OF JET FUELS.23 3.1 Turbine Fuels .23 3.2 Commercial Jet Fuels 23 3.2.1 Jet A.23 3.2.2 Jet A-123 3.2.3
14、 Jet B.23 3.3 Military Jet Fuels 24 3.3.1 JP-424 SAE ARP5789 - 3 - 3.3.2 JP-524 3.3.3 JP-8 and JP-8 + 100 243.4 Fuel Properties.24 3.5 Description of Additives24 3.5.1 Fuel System Icing Inhibitor (FSII).24 3.5.2 Corrosion Inhibitor (CI).253.5.3 Static Dissipator (CU).253.5.4 Biocide Additives25 3.5.
15、5 Other Additives.25 3.6 Fuel Contamination25 3.6.1 Water25 3.6.2 Particulate Matter.25 3.6.3 Biological Growth .25 3.6.4 Metal Ions.25 3.6.5 Disapproved Additives or Additives Mixed Improperly .26 3.7 Design Considerations Regarding Contaminants 26 3.8 Construction Considerations Regarding Contamin
16、ants .26 3.9 Operational Practices.26 4. SYSTEM PLANNING.27 4.1 General 27 4.2 Facility Sitting Issues284.3 Fuel Receipt.28 4.4 Tank Truck Delivery .29 4.5 Pipeline Delivery 294.6 Tank Capacity 304.7 Refueler Truck Loading30 4.8 Hydrant Systems314.9 Product Systems Other Than Jet Fuel .32 4.10 Envir
17、onmental Considerations .32 4.11 Other Items for Consideration32 5. DESIGN .33 5.1 General 33 5.1.1 Overall Design Standards 33 5.1.2 System Pressure Rating 33 5.1.3 Materials.34 5.1.4 Underground Piping Arrangement .34 5.1.5 Testing .35 5.1.6 Environmental Considerations .36 5.1.7 Operational Issue
18、s .435.1.8 Life Safety Issues.43 5.1.9 Electrical Design Minimum Requirements .44 5.1.10 Piping .45 SAE ARP5789 - 4 - 5.1.11 Filtration .46 5.2 Receiving .48 5.2.1 Tank Truck Off-Loading Facilities 48 5.2.2 Pipeline Receiving Facilities.49 5.3 Storage Facility 50 5.3.1 General Criteria50 5.3.2 Desig
19、n Considerations.51 5.4 Dispensing .54 5.4.1 General 54 5.4.2 Hydrant Fueling Systems .54 5.4.3 Refueler Truck Fill Stands58 5.4.4 Hydrant Hose Truck and Pantograph Flushing and Calibration Stands.60 6. EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTIONS60 6.1 General 60 6.2 Piping .61 6.3 Valves 62 6.3.1 All Manual Valves.62 6
20、.3.2 Butterfly Valves 62 6.3.3 Ball Valves .62 6.3.4 Double Block and Bleed Plug Valves.62 6.3.5 Control Valves (Except Commercial System Hydrant Valves).62 6.3.6 Commercial System Hydrant Valves62 6.3.7 Check Valves .62 6.3.8 Thermal Relief Valves636.3.9 Motorized Actuators .636.4 Tanks .63 6.4.1 V
21、ertical Aboveground Storage Tanks 63 6.4.2 Horizontal Aboveground Storage Tanks 67 6.4.3 Horizontal Underground Storage Tanks.67 6.5 Pumps68 6.5.1 Centrifugal Pumps686.5.2 Positive Displacement Pumps69 6.6 Filters .69 6.6.1 Filter/Separators.69 6.6.2 Fuel Quality Monitors .696.6.3 Clay Treatment Ves
22、sels.69 6.6.4 High Rate Water Coalescer Vessel (Haypack) 70 6.6.5 Prefilter Vessels .70 6.6.6 Cyclonic Filters.70 6.7 Pre-Fabricated Aircraft Rated Pits .70 6.8 Meters 70 6.8.1 Positive Displacement Meters71 6.8.2 Turbine Meters.71 6.8.3 Venturi Meters71 SAE ARP5789 - 5 - 6.8.4 Ultrasonic Meters .71
23、 6.8.5 Mass Coriolis Meters716.9 Oil/Water Separators71 6.10 Accessories71 6.10.1 Strainers.71 6.10.2 Pressure Gauges .716.10.3 Hoses.72 6.10.4 Mechanical Arm .72 6.10.5 Swivel Joints 72 6.10.6 Underwing Nozzles and Adaptors72 6.10.7 Surge Suppressors 727. CONSTRUCTION 727.1 General 72 7.2 Design Ph
24、ase.727.2.1 Overall System Design.72 7.2.2 Defining Contractor Interface .73 7.2.3 Defining Construction Quality Assurance.73 7.2.4 Defining Start-up Assistance73 7.2.5 Safety Practices .73 7.2.6 As-Built Drawings.74 7.2.7 System Testing, Flushing, and Commissioning .74 7.3 Contractor Selection Phas
25、e .74 7.4 Construction Phase74 7.4.1 Office Support 74 7.4.2 Periodic Site Visits .74 7.4.3 Engineering Technical Representative 74 8. SYSTEM COMMISSIONING .75 8.1 General 75 8.2 Preparation of the Commissioning Plan.75 8.3 Assembly of Materials, Equipment, and Services Onsite.78 8.3.1 Contractor Fu
26、rnished .788.3.2 Owner Furnished798.4 Preparation of System for Flushing80 8.4.1 Protection of Equipment.80 8.4.2 Use of Strainers .80 8.4.3 Use of Permanent Filter/Separator Equipment 80 8.4.4 Sump Low Points .808.5 Flushing of the System.80 8.5.1 Flushing and Hydrostatic Testing.81 8.5.2 Overview
27、of the Flushing Process81 8.5.3 Fuel Quality Testing .818.5.4 Flushing Fuel System Piping81 SAE ARP5789 - 6 - 8.5.5 Flushing Hydrant Outlets, Truck Loading Facilities, and Dead End Lines .82 8.6 System Preparation for Startup Testing .82 8.7 Cathodic Protection System Testing82 8.7.1 Testing and Ins
28、pection.828.7.2 Cathodic Protection Report82 8.8 Final System Testing82 8.8.1 Control Valve Adjustment.82 8.8.2 Operating Tank Level Alarms.82 8.8.3 Fuel Delivery 82 8.8.4 Fuel Pump Operation.83 8.8.5 Filter/Separator Control Valves83 8.8.6 High Level Control Valves83 8.8.7 Level Indicators83 8.8.8
29、Emergency Fuel Shutoff System (EFSO) 83 8.8.9 Water Draw-Off System .83 8.8.10 Thermal and Pressure Relief System 83 8.8.11 Leak Detection System 83 8.9 Final Acceptance849. OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE84 9.1 General 84 9.2 Design Phase.849.2.1 Overall System Design.84 9.2.2 Submittals 84 9.2.3 Specia
30、l Tools and Equipment 85 9.2.4 As-Built Drawings.85 9.2.5 Training 85 9.2.6 Staffing Requirements869.3 Construction Phase: The Review of Submittals .86 9.4 Post Construction Phase86 9.5 Typical Operations and Maintenance Plan 86 9.5.1 Typical Operations Plan.86 9.5.2 Description of a Typical Mainten
31、ance Plan90 APPENDIX A CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES.92 SAE ARP5789 - 7 - 1. SCOPE: This document contains general criteria for the planning, design, and construction of military and commercial ground based aviation fueling facilities that receive, store, distribute, and dispense liquid aviation turbine fu
32、els at airports to both fixed and rotary wing aircraft. 1.1 Purpose: The purpose of this document is to provide a description of practices that are commonly recognized throughout the industry as proving beneficial in the planning, design, and construction of aviation fuel systems at airports. 1.2 Fi
33、eld of Application: This document is intended for use with airport facilities that handle common aviation turbine fuels including Jet A, Jet A-1, Jet B, JP-5, and JP-8. It is not intended for: a. Portable or temporary systems such as military tactical systems b. Mobile equipment such as hydrant cart
34、s or tank trucks c. Retail or consumer aviation fueling facilities d. Any facility with gasoline whether aviation or motor vehicle type e. Military aircraft facilities with special or uncommon fuels such as JP-4, JP-7, JP-10, and JPTS 1.3 Selecting Design Engineers, Project Managers, and Contractors
35、: The selection process should include qualification criteria that include, at a minimum, the following:a. Firms should have experience in fuel facilities equal to the current project in value and complexity.b. Firms should have experience in the same types of facilities being designed and construct
36、ed.c. The project personnel assigned to the project should be the individuals with the actual experience described above. d. Other unique experience factors as determined by the Owner. SAE ARP5789 - 8 - 1.4 Limitations: 1.4.1 This document is not mandatory and does not replace regulatory requirement
37、s. It is meant to be complementary to other approved codes and regulations applicable to fuel system planning, design and construction, whether statutory or in general use. It does, however, identify practices that are commonly recognized throughout the industry as proving beneficial in use within t
38、he aviation fueling industry. 1.4.2 This document is intended to apply to new facilities and retrofitting existing facilities. 1.4.3 This document presents a basic outline of the essential elements of an aircraft fuel handling system. It will not give complete details of any systems or equipment. 1.
39、4.4 This document is not intended to suggest or treat any property, equipment, or technology in a preferential manner. 1.4.5 Numerical setpoints given in this document are typical and are presented for demonstration purposes only. They are not prescriptive. The actual setpoints shall prescribed by t
40、he Engineer. 1.5 Military Fueling Systems: 1.5.1 Military fueling systems differ from commercial systems and typically follow standard designs. Major factors which cause the differences between military and commercial systems include: 1.5.1.1 Additives and Filtration: Military fuels always contain a
41、dditives. JP-5 and JP-8 fuel is received at the military installation with an additive package consisting of fuel system icing inhibitor (FSII) and a corrosion inhibitor/lubricity improver (CI). JP-8 also includes a static dissipater additive (SDA). Receipt filtration is normally by filter/separator
42、s conforming to API/IP SPEC 1581. A variety of receipt pre-filtration options are available depending on contaminants such as water or particulate that may be in the fuel. Clay filtration is not used because it strips the fuel of the additives. 1.5.1.2 Fuel Thermal Stability: Fuel thermal stability
43、is critical to military aircraft since they use fuel as a coolant and heat sink for avionics, air conditioning, and other functions that may drive the fuel temperature to the point that it begins to break down. Since fuel received may be at the minimum allowable thermal stability, military systems a
44、re designed to prevent further degradation. Military systems use coatings, plating, aluminum and stainless steel to minimize contact with ferrous materials from receipt to issue.SAE ARP5789 - 9 - 1.5.1.3 Low Daily Throughput with High Peak Demand Requirements: Military systems are typically designed
45、 for a maximum flow rate of 2400 to 3000 gpm (151 to 189 L/s). Normally, this rate is experienced during military peak demand operations. During normal operations, flow rates may be much lower causing conflicts between the need to maintain a minimum velocity of 7 ft/s (2.1 m/s) while preventing pres
46、sure surges during high flow rates. To minimize surges, systems are designed in a loop that circulates fuel from the storage tank through the loop and back to the storage tank. By controlling pumps, a minimum amount of fuel is returned to the tanks. All systems require a surge analysis and on occasi
47、on surge arrestors. Where higher flow rates are required, multiple systems are installed. 1.5.1.4 Defuel Capability: To maximize the cargo carrying capacity of military aircraft, fuel is often removed so more cargo can be added. Additionally, fuel must be removed for certain maintenance functions to
48、 be performed. Due to the large fuel loads in certain military aircraft, hydrant fueling systems are designed to both fuel and defuel aircraft through the hydrant. Normally this requires a diaphragm operated hydrant control valve in the pit that is larger than the valves used in commercial systems a
49、nd requires a larger hydrant pit. 1.5.1.5 Standardization: Military systems are designed for minimum maintenance due to manning limitations and are standardized to minimize the learning curve for replacement technicians and augmentees deployed during contingencies. 1.5.1.6 Tank Fire Protection: Because of the high cost of maintaining Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) fire protection systems over the life of a tank, military fire experts have stopped requiring such systems. Instead they require a honeycomb type floating pan that limits fire exposure to the rim area. The inter
