1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2014 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AS4372C AEROSPACE STANDARD AS4372 REV. C Issued 1990-09 Revised 2008-08 Reaffirme
5、d 2014-01 Superseding AS4372B Performance Requirements for Wire, Electric, Insulated Copper or Copper Alloy RATIONALE AS4372C has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE five-year review policy. FOREWORD This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) contains performance-oriented requirements intended to evaluate
6、electric wire for aerospace applications. The results of testing wires to the requirements of this standard should aid designers in selecting suitable wires for their particular applications. The requirements of this standard are classified as follows: a. Design Evaluation: Specific requirements are
7、 given. b. Information Only: No specific requirements, but test results shall be reported. These classifications are based on the existence of specific general performance levels for these requirements and not on the importance of the particular requirement. Requirements for process control and qual
8、ity conformance are not included in this document since this is not a purchase specification. This document provides baseline criteria and some minimum performance levels for aerospace wire. These requirements may need to be supplemented or revised by the designer to meet the particular application.
9、 Sound engineering judgment must be the overriding criteria for test selection, interpretation of test results, and resulting aerospace wire application. Results from all tests may not be required for every wire application selection problem. A number of the performance requirements documented in th
10、is standard are long term procedures and/or are costly in terms of time and/or equipment. NOTE: The requirements of this document were collected from a number of aerospace vehicle manufacturers. Therefore, some common requirements have established minimum performance levels while other requirements
11、are more user-specific and are classified as information only. SAE INTERNATIONAL AS4372C Page 2 of 24 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE 4 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 4 2.1 SAE Publications. 4 2.2 ASTM Publications 5 2.3 U.S. Government Publications 5 3. REQUIREMENTS . 5 3.1 General . 5 3.1.1 Performance Sheets
12、 . 5 3.1.2 Design Evaluation . 5 3.1.3 “Information Only“ . 6 3.1.4 Workmanship 7 3.1.5 Finished Wire 7 3.1.6 Insulation Construction . 7 3.2 Assembly, Handling, and Repair. 7 3.2.1 Solderability (Tin Coated Copper Wire Only) 7 3.2.2 Thermal/Mechanical Resistance. 8 3.2.3 Solder Pot Test for Insulat
13、ion Shrinkage 8 3.2.4 Insulation Bonding to Potting Compounds 8 3.3 Chemical, Biological, Radiological/Nuclear, Biological Chemical CBR(NBC) 8 3.4 Conductor 8 3.4.1 Conductor Diameter 8 3.4.2 Conductor Elongation and Tensile Breaking Strength 9 3.4.3 Conductor Material 9 3.4.4 Conductor Resistance.
14、9 3.4.5 Conductor Splices. 10 3.4.6 Conductor Strand Blocking . 10 3.4.7 Conductor Stranding . 10 3.5 Electrical 10 3.5.1 Dielectric Constant 10 3.5.2 Corona Inception and Extinction Voltages 12 3.5.3 Surface Resistance. 12 3.5.4 Time/Current to Smoke. 12 3.5.5 Voltage Rating. 12 3.5.6 Dry Arc Propa
15、gation Resistance. 12 3.5.7 Wet Arc Propagation Resistance 12 3.5.8 Wire Fusing Time 12 3.6 Environmental . 12 3.6.1 Fluid Immersion. 12 3.6.2 Forced Hydrolysis . 12 3.6.3 Humidity Resistance . 13 3.6.4 Weight Loss Under Temperature and Vacuum 13 3.6.5 Propellant Resistance . 13 3.6.6 Weathering Res
16、istance. 13 3.6.7 Wicking 13 3.7 Mechanical 13 3.7.1 Abrasion 13 3.7.2 Cold Bend . 13 3.7.3 Dynamic Cut-Through. 14 3.7.4 Flex Life. 14 3.7.5 Insulation Impact Resistance 14 3.7.6 Notch Propagation 14 3.7.7 Stiffness and Springback 14 3.7.8 Vibration 14 3.7.9 Durability and Legibility of Wire Instal
17、lers Identification. 14 3.8 Thermal . 14 3.8.1 Flammability 14 SAE INTERNATIONAL AS4372C Page 3 of 24 3.8.2 High Pressure/High Temperature Air Impingement (Burst Duct) . 15 3.8.3 Smoke Quantity. 15 3.8.4 Temperature Index 15 3.8.5 Toxicity 15 3.8.6 Property Retention After Thermal Aging. 15 3.8.7 Fl
18、ame Resistance . 15 3.9 Wire Diameter and Weight 15 3.9.1 Finished Wire Diameter 15 3.9.2 Finished Wire Weight 16 4. NOTES 16 4.1 Intended Use. 16 4.2 Temperature Rating 17 APPENDIX A SAMPLE PERFORMANCE SHEET WIRE, ELECTRIC, INSULATED. 18 FIGURE 1 4 TABLE 1 8 TABLE 2 DETAILS OF CONDUCTORS 11 TABLE 3
19、 CLASSIFICATION BY WIRE DIAMETER. 16 SAE INTERNATIONAL AS4372C Page 4 of 24 1. SCOPE 1.1 This document covers the requirements for insulated, single-conductor, electric wires with tin-coated, silver-coated, or nickel-coated conductors of copper or copper alloy as specified in an applicable generated
20、 performance sheet (see Appendix A for sample). It provides general performance requirements, ratings, and information for various characteristics of insulated wire systems used in aerospace applications. Numerical test requirements, or parameters, were originally developed using either English or m
21、etric units. The original, primary, units are shown first with the secondary (converted) units in parentheses. Secondary units are listed for information only and are not to be considered requirements. Wire will be assigned a level of performance for many requirements set forth in this standard. The
22、se performance levels, in addition to numerical test results, shall be listed in the applicable performance sheet. This standard contains some tests and referenced AS4373 Test Methods that have not been rigorously confirmed as reproducible. Such methods are identified under the Precision and Bias St
23、atements in the individual AS4373 Test Methods. Many requirements have multiple levels of performance. The wire with base level of performance is acceptable for general use; however, there may be special applications that will require wire with higher performance levels. 1.2 Construction The wires s
24、hall be constructed as described in the applicable performance sheet. 1.2.1 Performance Sheet Identification Each performance sheet will have an identifying number as shown in Figure 1. FIGURE 1 The manufacturer/user code can be the part number used by either one. The manufacturer identification sho
25、uld be the Commercial and Government Entity (CAGE) Code per publication H4-1 and H4-2. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be
26、 the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has be
27、en obtained. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AS4373 Test Methods for Insulated Electric Wire AS50881 Wiring, Aerospace Vehicle SAE INTERNATI
28、ONAL AS4372C Page 5 of 24 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM B 33 Wire, Copper, Tinned Soft or Annealed, for Electrical Purposes ASTM B 298 Wire, Copper, Silver Coated
29、Soft or Annealed ASTM B 355 Wire, Copper, Nickel Coated Soft or Annealed ASTM B 624 Copper, High Strength, High Conductivity ASTM E 29 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications 2.3 U.S. Government Publications Available from the Document
30、 Automation and Production Service (DAPS), Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Tel: 215-697-6257, http:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/. H4-1 Commercial and Government Entity (CAGE) for Manufacturers Part 1, Name to Code H4-2 Commercial and Government Entity (CAGE) for Ma
31、nufacturers Part 2, Code to Name 3. REQUIREMENTS 3.1 General 3.1.1 Performance Sheets The requirements for the individual wires under this standard shall be as listed herein and as described in the applicable performance sheet. The format of the performance sheet shall be in accordance with the samp
32、le provided in Appendix A. 3.1.2 Design Evaluation Some paragraphs in this document are specifically included to provide the design engineer with information needed in evaluating a new wire construction. These design evaluation requirements and paragraphs are listed below: 3.4.1 Conductor Diameter 3
33、.4.2 Conductor Elongation and Tensile Breaking Strength 3.4.3 Conductor Material 3.4.4 Conductor Resistance 3.4.7 Conductor Stranding 3.5.5 Voltage Rating 3.6.1 Fluid Immersion 3.6.7 Wicking 3.7.1 Abrasion SAE INTERNATIONAL AS4372C Page 6 of 24 3.7.2 Cold Bend 3.7.3 Dynamic Cut Through 3.7.4 Flex Li
34、fe 3.7.6 Notch Propagation 3.7.7 Stiffness and Springback 3.8.1 Flammability 3.8.4 Temperature Index 3.9.1 Finished Wire Diameter 3.9.2 Finished Wire Weight 3.1.3 “Information Only“ Some paragraphs in this document require that test values be measured and recorded but do not establish a minimum perf
35、ormance level. This data is for information only and is intended to provide the designer with data without imposing minimum acceptable results. The “Information Only” paragraphs are listed below: 3.2.1 Solderability 3.2.2 Thermal/Mechanical Resistance 3.2.3 Solder Pot Test for Insulation Shrinkage 3
36、.2.4 Insulation Bonding to Potting Compounds 3.2.5 Percent Overlap of Insulating Materials 3.3 Chemical, Biological, Radiological/Nuclear, Biological, Chemical (CBR/NBC) 3.4.5 Conductor Splices 3.4.6 Conductor Strand Blocking 3.5.1 Dielectric Constant 3.5.2 Corona Inception and Extinction Voltages 3
37、.5.3 Surface Resistance 3.5.4 Time/Current to Smoke 3.5.6 Dry Arc Propagation Resistance 3.5.7 Wet Arc Propagation Resistance 3.5.8 Wire Fusing Time 3.6.2 Forced Hydrolysis 3.6.3 Humidity Resistance SAE INTERNATIONAL AS4372C Page 7 of 24 3.6.4 Weight Loss Under Temperature and Vacuum 3.6.5 Propellan
38、t Resistance 3.6.6 Weathering Resistance 3.7.5 Insulation Impact Resistance 3.7.9 Durability and Legibility of Wire Installers Identification 3.8.2 High Pressure/High Temperature Air Impingement 3.8.3 Smoke Quantity 3.8.6 Property Retention After Thermal Aging 3.8.7 Flame Resistance 3.8.8 Insulation
39、 State of Sinter 3.10.1 Wire Marking Contrast 3.1.4 Workmanship All details of workmanship shall be in accordance with high quality aerospace manufacturing practices. The insulation shall be free of foreign materials and irregularities such as cracks, splits, and bubbles. Color shall be uniform (fre
40、e of mottling and streaking). 3.1.5 Finished Wire The finished wire shall conform to the requirements of this document and those of the applicable performance sheet. 3.1.6 Insulation Construction Insulation shall be constructed as specified in the applicable performance sheet. 3.2 Assembly, Handling
41、, and Repair 3.2.1 Solderability (Tin Coated Copper Wire Only) When tested in accordance with Method 105 of AS4373, tin coated copper wire specimens shall have 95% of the termination covered by continuous new solder. Pinholes and voids shall not be concentrated and shall be less than 5% of the total
42、 termination area. Three specimens of each wire size shall be tested to one of the conditions listed in Table 1 and the results averaged. SAE INTERNATIONAL AS4372C Page 8 of 24 TABLE 1 3.2.2 Thermal/Mechanical Resistance When tested in accordance with Method 106 of AS4373 for single wire and Method
43、107 for wire in a bundle, size 22 specimens shall exhibit their ability to resist damage from a soldering iron heated to 550 F (288 C), 650 F (343 C), and 750 F (399 C). The average time to penetrate at each temperature shall be recorded on the performance sheet. If penetration does not occur within
44、 the maximum time limit, “no penetration“ shall be recorded on the performance sheet. 3.2.3 Solder Pot Test for Insulation Shrinkage When tested in accordance with Method 108 of AS4373, three size 22 wire specimens shall have the insulation shrinkage measured. The average shrinkage shall be recorded
45、 in the performance sheet. 3.2.4 Insulation Bonding to Potting Compounds When tested in accordance with Method 102 of AS4373, five size 22 AWG wire specimens shall have the pull-out strength measured. The average pull-out strength shall be recorded on the performance sheet. 3.2.5 Percent Overlap of
46、Insulating Tapes When tested in accordance with Method 109 of AS4373, the degree of rotation shall be measured on each tape layer. Using the formula provided, the degrees of overlap shall be converted to percentage overlap. Both the degrees of rotation and percent overlap shall be recorded on the pe
47、rformance sheet. 3.3 Chemical, Biological, Radiological/Nuclear, Biological Chemical CBR(NBC) When required by a user, specimens of insulation material shall be tested to CBR/NBC. Note that the Air Force has established an extensive data base on the chemical compatibility of materials for use in aer
48、ospace vehicles. While this data base as a whole is classified information, it has been made available to prime aerospace contractors. Current contact for this data base is at WL/MSLA, Wright Patterson AFB, Ohio. In addition, the Army has done extensive testing of a number of materials and should be
49、 consulted before testing to determine if a candidate insulation material has already been tested. Contact for this is NBC Survivability Office, Army CR&D, Edgewood, MD. The intent of this material testing is to assure inertness of a material to the CBR/NBC exposure. Because of this, Test Methods Group 200 of AS4373 gives no procedure. The Air Force and the Army have established over a dozen qualified laboratories to do this type
