1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2011 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication m
3、ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside U
4、SA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AS8045AAEROSPACESTANDARDAS8045 REV. A Issued 1988-05 Revised 2011-08Superseding AS8045 Minimum
5、 Performance Standard for Underwater Locating Devices (Acoustic) (Self-Powered)RATIONALETechnology exists to increase the minimum Underwater Locating Devices (ULD) operating life without changes to the form, fit or function of an installed ULD. For aircraft search and recovery in extremely remote ar
6、eas, a ULD operating for 30 days may not be sufficient. This revision includes an increase of the minimum operating life in paragraph 4.7 from 30 days to 90 days and updates to the environmental testing. 1. PURPOSE This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) specifies minimum performance standards for Acoustic
7、 Underwater Locating Devices which are primarily intended for use with both fixed and rotary wing civil aircraft. 2. SCOPE This AS covers ULD utilized in finding flight data recorders, cockpit voice recorders or aircraft. Such ULDs are installed adjacent to the recorders in a manner that they are un
8、likely to become separated during crash conditions. 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this document only to the extent they are explicitly invoked by the requirements within this Aerospace Standard. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. In the event of co
9、nflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.1.1 SAE Documents Available from SAE International, 400 Com
10、monwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.AS8039 Minimum Performance Standard for Flight Recorders. 2.1.2 ASTM Documents Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken,
11、PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org.D 1141-98 Standard Practice for the Preparation of Substitute Ocean Water. SAE AS8045A Page 2 of 62.1.3 RTCA, Inc. Documents Available from RTCA Inc., 1828 L Street, NW, Suite 805, Washington, DC 20036, Tel: 202-833-9339, www.rtca.org.RTCA/DO-160G Envir
12、onmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment. 2.2 Definitions The word “shall” is used to express an essential requirement where compliance is mandatory. 3. GENERAL STANDARDS 3.1 Material: Material shall be of a quality which experience or tests, or both, have demonstrated to be su
13、itable and dependable for use in aircraft. The correct functioning of the ULD shall not be impaired by any change of material properties arising from the tests defined in Sections 5 and 6. 3.2 Workmanship: Workmanship shall be consistent with high grade aircraft instrument manufacturing practice. 3.
14、3 Compatibility: If components are individually acceptable but require matching for proper operation, they shall be identified in a manner that shall ensure performance to the requirements of this AS. 3.4 Interchangeability: Components or systems which are identified with the same manufacturers part
15、 or model number shall be physically and functionally interchangeable. 3.5 Flammability & Fire Test: The exposed surfaces of the ULD and mounting shall be non-flammable. The ULD shall be incapable of sustaining or initiating a fire or rupturing, or both, with or without fragmentation, due to a dead
16、short of the power source. 3.6 Power Source: Means shall be provided to enable the ULD power source to be checked for voltage and longevity in its installed position. Such checks shall be defined in the ULD manufacturers instruction manual. 3.7 Identification: The following information shall be legi
17、ble and, with the exception of battery replacement date, be indelibly marked on the ULD or on the nameplate attached. Markings on the ULD are to be as large as is practical. a. Name of instrument. b. Manufacturers part number. c. Manufacturers serial number. d. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
18、Technical Standard Order (TSO) number, for example, FAA TSO-C121b if applicable (or SAE AS number or equivalent approval identification). e. Manufacturers name or trademark. f. Battery replacement information. 4. MINIMUM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS The manufacturer shall conduct sufficient tests to prove
19、compliance with this Aerospace Standard. 4.1 Actuation: Automatically by both fresh and salt water at all depths from 0.15 m (0.5 ft) to 6096 m (20 000 ft) within 4 hours after immersion. NOTE: If the ULD is subjected to negligent or accidental contamination with water, either immersed or sprayed, (
20、that is, other than in its operational mode) it shall, on drying out, revert to its original dormant state. SAE AS8045A Page 3 of 64.2 Operating Temperature: -2 C (+28 F) to +38 C (+100 F). 4.3 Radiation Pattern: 80% of a spherical pattern. (4.8.1 and 4.8.2 apply). NOTE: If more than one ULD is need
21、ed to achieve this pattern then the limitation shall be defined by the instrument manufacturer. This will allow ULDs to be suitably installed in appropriate positions in the aircraft such that the pattern is likely to be maintained after a crash. 4.4 Operating Frequency: 37.5 1 kHz. 4.5 Pulse Length
22、: 9.0 ms MINIMUM. 4.6 Repetition Rate: 0.9 pulse/s MINIMUM. 4.7 Operating Life: 90 days. 4.8 Acoustic Outputs on Activation: 4.8.1 Initial Operation: 106 N/m2 (1060 dyne/cm2) r.m.s. (during the pulse) pressure normalized to 1 metre range, that is, at a level of 160.5 dB vs 1 Pa at 1 metre. 4.8.2 Imm
23、ediately after 90 Days Continuous Operation: 70 N/m2 (700 dyne/cm2) r.m.s. (during the pulse) pressure normalized at 1 metre range, that is, at a level of 157 dB vs 1 Pa at 1 metre. 5. TEST PROCEDURES (ENVIRONMENTAL) Sequence may be in any order. Instrument with ULD in its inoperative mode, that is,
24、 dry at the commencement of each test clause and no ULD activation by test personnel during environmental tests. Operational or functional tests as required shall be conducted before and after each clause to verify the operational condition of the ULD under test. 5.1 Condensation: With the ULD in th
25、e most critical position, cold soak at -9 3 C (+16 5 F) for 6 hours and then immediately place in a chamber maintained at +35 3 C (+95 5 F) at a relative humidity of 95 5% for 18 hours. Repeat this environmental cycle 15 times. During this test there shall be no activation of the ULD transmitter or
26、corrosion of vital parts. 5.2 Temperature Storage (Temperature): The ULD shall be subjected to the Ground Survival Low and High Temperature test requirements specified in RTCA/DO-160G, Section 4.5, Category D2. During this test there shall be no activation of the ULD transmitter. 5.3 Temperature Var
27、iation: The ULD shall be subjected to the test requirements specified in RTCA/DO-160G, Section 5, Category A using -55 C (-67 F) and +70 C (+158 F) for low and high operating temperatures, respectively. During this test there shall be no activation of the ULD transmitter. SAE AS8045A Page 4 of 65.4
28、Vibration: The ULD shall be subjected to the test requirements specified in RTCA/DO-160G, Section 8 using Figure 8-4, Curve C1 (fixed wing) and Table 8-2b, Curve G (rotary wing). During this test there shall be no activation of the ULD transmitter. 5.5 Altitude, Decompression and Overpressure: The U
29、LD shall be subjected to the test requirements specified in RTCA/DO-160G, Section 4.6, Category D2. During this test there shall be no activation of the ULD transmitter. 5.6 Fluid Immersion (Fluids Susceptibility): The ULD shall be subjected to the immersion test requirements specified in RTCA/DO-16
30、0G, Section 11, Category F using fluids most likely to cause the ULD to become inoperative.After drying out, the ULD shall not have deteriorated such that it would not satisfy the requirements of Section 4. Alternatively, an analysis may be used to demonstrate the ULDs resistance to such fluids. 5.7
31、 Induced Signal Susceptibility: The ULD shall be subjected to the relevant test requirements as specified in RTCA/DO-160G, Section 19, Category ZC. During this test there shall be no activation of the ULD transmitter. 5.8 Magnetic Effect: The ULD shall be subjected to the test requirements specified
32、 in RTCA/DO-160G, Section 15 and shall meet the Category Z requirement. 5.9 Sand and Dust: The ULD shall be subjected to the test requirements specified in RTCA/DO-160G, Section 12, Category S. During this test there shall be no activation of the ULD transmitter and there shall be no sand/dust lodge
33、d in vital parts such that the ULD would not satisfy the requirements of Section 4. 5.10 Salt Spray (Salt Fog): The ULD shall be subjected to the test requirements specified in RTCA/DO-160G, Section 14, Category S (fixed wing) and Category T (rotary wing). During this test there shall be no activati
34、on of the ULD transmitter and there shall be no corrosion of vital parts such that the ULD would not satisfy the requirements of Section 4. 5.11 Fungus Resistance: The ULD shall be subjected to test requirements as specified in RTCA/DO-160G, Section 13, Category F. During this test there shall be no
35、 activation of the ULD transmitter and there shall be no fungus growth developed in vital parts such that the ULD would not satisfy the requirements of Section 4. 5.12 Performance Verification (Environmental): On completion of all tests included in 5.1 - 5.11, the ULD shall meet all the requirements
36、 of Section 4. 5.13 Salt Water Immersion: This test is performed once only. (Note this is a passive test and does not require continuous monitoring). The ULD shall be submerged and operating in a standard seawater solution (ASTM D1141-98 or equivalent) at an ambient pressure for a period of 90 days.
37、 The test tank shall be non-metallic and throughout the test the water shall be maintained between +10 C (+50 F) and +21 C (+70 F). At the end of 90 days, the ULD shall be operating as specified in Section 4 and there shall be no signs of seepage or leakage into the ULD. 6. TEST PROCEDURES (CRASH SU
38、RVIVABILITY) The ULD shall be subjected to crash survivability testing, performed in the order shown below, without making any repairs or modifications between tests. Operational or functional tests as required shall be conducted before and after each clause to verify the operational condition of th
39、e ULD under test. SAE AS8045A Page 5 of 66.1 Impact Shock: The ULD shall be assembled to a suitable fixture using its recommended mounting arrangement. The assembly shall then be subjected to: a) A half sine-wave impact shock of at least 5 ms duration and a peak acceleration of 1000 g applied to eac
40、h of the three orthogonal axes. ORb) A half sine-wave impact shock of at least 6.5 ms duration and a peak acceleration of 1700 g applied to the axis most vulnerable to damage. 6.2 Impact: When assembled in its recommended mounting arrangement, the ULD shall be placed on an unyielding surface. An imp
41、actor, consisting of a steel penetrator (Fig. 1) with a rigidly attached mass is required. The penetrator shall have a maximum dimension across the surface of the protrusion of 0.64 cm (0.25 in) by 2.5 cm (1.0 in). This protruding surface shall impact the ULD. The total mass of the impactor shall be
42、 25 kg (55 lb). The impactor shall be dropped on the ULD from a height of 15 cm (6.0 in) above the surface of the ULD such that at least half of the penetrator impacts within a 2.5 cm (1.0 in) radius of the most vulnerable point of the ULD. 6.3 Static Crush: When assembled in its recommended mountin
43、g arrangement, the ULD is to be exposed to a static crush force of 22.4 kN (5000 lbf) continuously for 5 minutes. The crush force is to be applied in the most critical direction. The crush force may be applied by placing the ULD between two flat surfaces and bringing the surfaces together until the
44、22.4 kN (5000 lbf) force is developed. 6.4 Pressure: The ULD is to be exposed to an external pressure of 60 MPa (8700 lbf/in2) for a period of 5 minutes. The pressure, equivalent to that of an ocean depth of 6096 m (20 000 ft), shall be applied as a uniformly distributed force in a suitable conducti
45、ve solution. After test completion, there shall be no signs of seepage or leakage into the ULD.7. PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION (CRASH SURVIVABILITY) On completion of all tests included in Section 6, the ULD shall meet all the requirements of Section 4. SAE AS8045A Page 6 of 62.5 cm(1.0 in)0.64 cm(0.25 in)Maximum2.5 cm(1.0 in)MaximumFIGURE 1 DIMENSIONS OF PENETRATOR PREPARED BY SAE COMMITTEE A-4, AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS
