1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2010 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication m
3、ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside U
4、SA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J1192_201011SURFACEVEHICLERECOMMENDEDPRACTICEJ1192 NOV2010 Issued 2010-11 Performance of Audibl
5、e Warning Devices for Motorcycles RATIONALE Not applicable. FOREWORD This SAE Standard establishes requirements and test procedures for the operational life, corrosion resistance, and sound pressure level output of motorcycle electric and electro pneumatic Audible Warning Devices (AWD). Test equipme
6、nt, environment, and procedures are specified. Requirements for sound output after completion of life cycle and corrosion resistance tests, and a required minimum sound pressure level output as installed on the motorcycle are included. Two types of tests are specified: “Laboratory,“ to assess AWD du
7、rability, and “Vehicle,“ to assess AWD in-use acoustic performance. 1. SCOPE The requirements of this document apply to all classes of motorcycles as defined in SAE J213. 1.1 Purpose This document specifies performance and longevity requirements for motorcycle AWDs with the goal of enhancing vehicle
8、 safety. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this recommended practice. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and users of thi
9、s recommended practice are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. 2.1.1 SAE Publication Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth D
10、rive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.SAE J184 Qualifying a Sound Data Acquisition System SAE J213 Motorcycle Classifications Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproductio
11、n or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J1192 Issued NOV2010 Page 2 of 62.1.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org.ASTM B 117 Salt Spray (Fog) Testing 2.1.3 ANSI
12、 Publications Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org.ANSI S1.4-1983 (R2006) American National Standard Specification for Sound Level Meters ANSI S1.40-2006 American National Standard Specifications and Verif
13、ication Procedures for Sound Calibrators 2.1.4 IEC Publications Available from IHS Standards Store, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, CO 80112, Tel: 877-413-5184, .IEC 60942 Electroacoustics - Sound Calibrators 2.2 Definitions 2.2.1 SHALL A mandatory requirement. 2.2.2 SHOULD Suggested or advisory,
14、but not required. 2.2.3 MAY Permitted, but not required. 2.3 Abbreviations Audible warning device AWD Direct current DC Sound pressure level SPL 3. REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Component Level Requirements 3.1.1 Endurance After completing the endurance test specified in 4.3.1, the AWD when tested per 4.2 shall
15、produce a sound pressure level of at least 103 dB(A). Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J1192 Issued NOV2010 Page 3 of 63.1.2 Salt Spray After completing the salt spray exposure spe
16、cified in 4.3.2, the AWD when tested per 4.2 shall produce a sound pressure level of at least 103 dB(A). 3.2 Vehicle Level Specifications When tested on the motorcycle as specified in 4.4, the AWD shall produce a sound pressure level of at least 85 dB(A). 4. TEST METHODS AND PROCEDURES 4.1 General I
17、nstrumentation The following instrumentation shall be used: 4.1.1 A sound level meter meeting the Type 1, Type S1A, Type 2, or Type S2A requirements of ANSI S1.4-1983 (R2006). The meter shall be set for the A weighting scale and the fast response. 4.1.2 As an alternative to making direct measurement
18、s using a sound level meter, a microphone or sound level meter may be used with a recorder or other indicating instrument, provided the system meets the requirements of SAE J184. 4.1.3 A sound level calibrator with an accuracy of 0.5 dB conforming to IEC 60942 (2003) Class 1 and/or ANSI S1.401984 (R
19、1997). 4.1.4 A windscreen which does not affect microphone response more than 1 dB for frequencies of 63 to 4000 Hz and 1.5 dB for frequencies of 4000 to 10 000 Hz. 4.1.5 An anemometer with steady-state accuracy of 10% at 9 m/s (20 mph). 4.1.6 For additional general comments see Appendix A. 4.2 Comp
20、onent Level Tests Perform off-vehicle tests using the facility, power supplies and sound measuring equipment noted as follows. 4.2.1 Test Facility Laboratory tests shall be made outdoors or in an acoustic chamber as follows. 4.2.1.1 Outdoor Laboratory The outdoor test facility, if used, shall consis
21、t of a flat, open space free of large sound-reflecting surfaces (other than theground) such as parked vehicles, signboards, buildings, or hillsides located within 5 m (16 ft) of the AWD being tested and the location of the sound level meter microphone. The area between the microphone and the AWD sha
22、ll be paving or hard-packed earth, level within an average slope of 40 mm/m (0.5 in/ft) and shall be free of loose or powdered snow, plowed soil, grass of a height greater than 150 mm (6 in), trees, or other extraneous material. 4.2.1.2 Acoustic Chamber The acoustic chamber, if used, should be const
23、ructed of material with an absorption coefficient of at least 90% down to a frequency at least 1 octave lower than the dominant frequency of the AWD under test. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license fro
24、m IHS-,-,-SAE J1192 Issued NOV2010 Page 4 of 64.2.2 Test Conditions 4.2.2.1 During component level testing the AWD shall be powered by a DC power supply system which shall furnish regulated and filtered direct current, such that the voltage measured at the AWD terminals, with the AWD operating shall
25、 be as noted in Table 1. TABLE 1 - DC POWER SUPPLY SPECIFICATIONS Rated Voltage Supply Voltage 6 V 6.5 0.2 V 12 V 13.0 0.2 V 24 V 26.0 0.2 V 4.2.2.2 The AWD and the measurement microphone shall be mounted 1.2 m 15 cm (4 ft 6 in) from the ground plane, separated by 2 m 0.08 m (6 ft 7 in 3 in) with th
26、e microphone on the acoustical axis (highest output) of the AWD. 4.2.2.3 The AWD shall be mounted to a rigid, non-reflecting surface. 4.2.2.4 During the test, the ambient temperature shall be 15 to 30 C (59 to 86 F). 4.2.2.5 Outdoor measurements shall be made only when the wind velocity does not exc
27、eed 19 km/h (12 mph). 4.2.2.6 No persons other than an observer reading the meter shall be within 3 m (10 ft) of the AWD or microphone. 4.2.2.7 The ambient sound pressure level coming from sources other than the AWD being measured, including wind, shall be at least 10 dB(A) lower than the measured l
28、evel of the AWD being tested. When engine sound makes the 10 dB(A) differential impossible, the test may be run and the measurement corrected according to the principles for combining decibel signal levels, provided the result is identified as having been corrected, the correction method is identifi
29、ed, and the observed data is provided (see Appendix A). 4.2.3 Test Procedures 4.2.3.1 The sound output shall be measured during a 1 to 2 s period of operation. The applicable reading shall be the highest sound pressure level attained ignoring unrelated peaks due to extraneous ambient sounds. 4.2.3.2
30、 At least six sound pressure level measurements shall be made with at least 2 min between measurements. The highest and lowest shall be discarded, and the remaining shall be averaged to obtain the reported value. 4.3 Endurance and Corrosion Resistance Testing 4.3.1 Endurance A new AWD shall be opera
31、ted for 50 000 cycles, each cycle consisting of 1 s on and 4 s off. The AWD may be adjusted to the manufacturers specifications before conducting the test but not thereafter. During test, the ambient temperature shall be 15 to 30 C (59 to 86 F).4.3.2 Corrosion Resistance A new AWD shall be installed
32、 in a salt spray cabinet capable of containing the AWD to be tested and meeting the requirements of ASTM B 117, Salt Spray (Fog) Testing. The AWD shall be subjected to a salt spray test in accordance with ASTM B 117, Salt Spray (Fog) Testing, for 72 h. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS und
33、er license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J1192 Issued NOV2010 Page 5 of 64.4 Vehicle Level Tests The vehicle mounted test assesses new AWD performance with the AWD mounted as specified by the motorcycle manufacturer. Test specifics are
34、 as follows. 4.4.1 Motorcycle Test Site The motorcycle test site shall be a flat, open space, free of large sound-reflecting surfaces (other than the ground) such as parked vehicles, signboards, buildings, or hillsides located within 30 m (100 ft) of the motorcycle being tested and the location of t
35、he sound level meter microphone. The area between the microphone and the motorcycle shall be a lane at least 3.7 m (12 ft) wide of paving or hard-packed earth, level within an average slope of 40 mm/m (0.5 in/ft) and shall be free of loose or powdered snow, plowed soil, grass of a height greater tha
36、n 150 mm (6 in), trees, or other extraneous material. 4.4.2 Test Conditions 4.4.2.1 A sound level meter microphone shall be located 15 m 15 cm (50 ft 6 in) in front of the forward most point of the motorcycle on the motorcycle center line, at a height of 1.2 m 15 cm (4 ft 6 in) above the ground. 4.4
37、.2.2 The motorcycle engine should be operated for at least 15 min to stabilize conditions before the test. The motorcycle electrical system shall be the only power supply for the AWD. 4.4.2.3 Motorcycle lighting and electrical equipment which is normally on during typical night time operation shall
38、be operating during AWD testing. 4.4.2.4 No persons other than an observer reading the meter and an operator on the operators position shall be within 3 m (10 ft) of the vehicle or microphone. 4.4.2.5 The ambient sound pressure level coming from sources other than the AWD being measured, including w
39、ind sound, shall be at least 10 dB(A) lower than the measured level of the AWD being tested. When engine sound makes the 10 dB(A) differential impossible, the test may be run and the measurement corrected according to the principles for combining decibel signal levels, provided the result is identif
40、ied as having been corrected, the correction method is identified, and the observed data is provided (see Appendix A). 4.4.2.6 Measurements shall be made only when wind velocity does not exceed 19 km/h (12 mph), and temperature is between 15 and 30 C (59 and 86 F). 4.4.3 Test Procedures 4.4.3.1 Meas
41、ure sound output while operating the AWD via the motorcycle AWD switch for 1 to 2 s. The applicable reading shall be the highest sound pressure level attained ignoring unrelated peaks due to extraneous ambient sounds. 4.4.4 At least six sound pressure level measurements shall be made with at least 2
42、 min between measurements. The highest and lowest shall be discarded, and the remaining shall be averaged to obtain the reported value. 5. NOTES 5.1 Marginal Indicia A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editor
43、ial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes
44、 only. PREPARED BY THE SAE MOTORCYCLE TECHNICAL STEERING COMMITTEE Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J1192 Issued NOV2010 Page 6 of 6 APPENDIX A A.1 GENERAL INFORMATION Proper use o
45、f all test instrumentation is essential to obtain valid measurements. Operating manuals or other literature furnished by the instrument manufacturer should be referred to for both recommended operation of the instrument and precautions to be observed. Specific items to be considered are: A.1.1 The t
46、ype of microphone, its directional response characteristics, and its orientation relative to the ground plane and the sound source. A.1.2 The effects of ambient weather conditions on the performance of all instruments (e.g., temperature, humidity and barometric pressure. A.1.3 Proper signal levels,
47、terminating impedance, and cable lengths on multi-instrument measurement systems. A.1.4 Proper acoustical calibration procedure, to include the influence of extension cabled, etc. Field calibration shall be made immediately before and after each test sequence. Internal calibration is accomplished im
48、mediately before and after each day. A.1.5 The effect of air temperature gradients over paved test courses on day of intense sunlight. A.2 SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL CALCULATIONS If there is less than 10 dB(A) difference between the measured and ambient sound pressure levels use the following equation to calculate the sound pressure level: where: SPLAWD= Sound pressure level of the AWD SPLtotal= Combined sound pressure level of the AWD and ambient SPLambient= Ambient sound pressure level Example: SPLambient78 dB(A) SPLtotal85 dB(A) SPLAWD= = 84 dB(A
