1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2012 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this pub
3、lication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970
4、(outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J1282_201204SURFACEVEHICLERECOMMENDEDPRACTICEJ1282 APR2012 Issued 1980-09Revised 201
5、2-04Superseding J1282 FEB2003 Snowmobile Brake Control Systems RATIONALEThis document is being revised to remove obsolete references in Section 2 and decouple the requirements of SAE J44 and SAE J45 from this document within 5.2.2, 5.4.2.3, 5.5.2.2, and 5.6.2.2. Additionally, verbiage has been added
6、 in 4.1.9 to define brake capability requirements. 5.3.3 Test Acceptance has been added in order to capture a requirement in SSCC-52 4.5.3. 1. SCOPE This SAE Recommended Practice is intended to provide the minimum acceptable criteria for snowmobile hand brake control systems. This recommendation is
7、not intended to cover competition vehicles nor is it intended to limit development of new and/or improved technology in controls. Although these recommendations are primarily addressed to hand control systems using an outer flexible conduit with a multiple strand inner cable or hydraulic type brake
8、control system, the basic requirements of freedom of movement, strength, material, etc., will apply to any system. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE p
9、ublications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.SAE J33 Snowmobile Definitions and Nomenclature - General SAE J1282 Revised APR201
10、2 Page 2 of 7 2.2 Related Publication The following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a required part of this SAE Technical Report.2.2.1 SAE Publications SAE J44 Service Brake System Performance Requirements - Snowmobiles SAE J45 Brake System Test Procedure - Snowmo
11、biles 2.2.2 SAE Publication Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.SAE TSB 002 Preparation of SAE Technical Reports 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 SNOWMOBILE As defined in SAE J33.
12、3.2 BRAKE CONTROL A hand-controlled device mounted on the steering control; generally a pivotable lever type (squeeze grip), when actuated will cause the vehicle to decelerate and/or stop the vehicle. 3.3 CONTROL LINE(S) Rigid and/or flexible tubing used to transmit hydraulic fluid from brake contro
13、l to brake cylinder. 3.4 CONTROL LINKAGE A means of transmitting mechanical motion between two or more points. 3.4.1 Control Cable Assembly A linkage consisting of a flexible assembly with an outer housing or conduit and an inner cable, usually multiple stranded; capable of transmitting motion betwe
14、en two points. This assembly is provided with connection means on both ends of housing and cable. 3.5 BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEM A complete system used to decelerate the vehicle. This includes the brake control, control linkage, or control line, brake assembly, springs, brackets, etc., necessary for opera
15、tion of the system. Any attachment to the brake control system, such as a warning light switch, etc., shall be considered as part of the system if attachment affects the systems operation. 3.6 RIGHT-RIGHT HAND, LEFT-LEFT HAND Designation refers to orientation of the vehicle when the operator is seat
16、ed in the operators position, facing forward. SAE J1282 Revised APR2012 Page 3 of 7 3.7 NORMAL POSITION Position of brake control system when not activated. 3.8 SHALL Indicates that there shall be no deviation for a specific requirement. 3.9 SHOULD Indicates that noncompliance with a specific recomm
17、endation is permissible. 4. REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 4.1 Requirements The brake control system shall meet the following minimum performance criteria when tested in accordance with Section 5, or meet the following design requirements verified by visual inspection: 4.1.1 The brake control(s) s
18、hall be on the left side of the steering control adjacent to, or at, the left-hand position. 4.1.2 Lever type brake control shall be positioned so that pivoting the lever toward the steering control shall decelerate or stop the vehicle. 4.1.3 Lever, Maximum Extension in the normal position of the br
19、ake control system. Maximum extension of the brake control lever at the center of action shall not exceed 89.2 mm (3.5 in). The center of action is the mid-point of a line drawn from the top of the lever to its pivot point. The normal extension will be the shortestdimension through the center of act
20、ion to the outside surfaces of the lever and the handlebar gripping point. (See Figure 1.) 4.1.4 The brake control system shall, when released from any partial or full-braked position, automatically return to the normal position, and the brake shall deactivate within 1 s, except when such brake cont
21、rol system is equipped with a locking device for parking purposes, and the locking device has been activated. 4.1.5 The brake control systems performance shall not be adversely affected by climatic conditions during vehicle operation.FIGURE 1 - LEVER, MAXIMUM EXTENSION SAE J1282 Revised APR2012 Page
22、 4 of 7 4.1.6 The brake control system shall be protected from areas which would cause the systems temperature to exceed the temperature limit of the material used. 4.1.7 The brake control system shall be protected so that with all guards and shrouds in place, it cannot be inadvertently pulled or sn
23、agged in a manner that would activate the brake. 4.1.8 Motion of any part of the vehicle, such as the steering control, shall not cause activation, prevent activation, or jam the brake control system. 4.1.9 The brake control system shall be capable of stopping the vehicle in less than 12.19 m (40 ft
24、) or lock the traction belt(s) when meeting the following conditions. 4.1.9.1 The control force shall be applied within 25 mm (1 in) from the end of the load bearing portion of the brake lever and perpendicular to the center line to the handlebar grip axis (control handle). See Figure 2. 4.1.9.2 The
25、 vehicle shall be traveling at a speed of at least 32 kph (20 mph). 4.1.9.3 The vehicle shall be carrying an operator of at least 77 kg (170 lbs) 4.1.9.4 The vehicle shall be traveling on a surface of snow with a maximum of 75 mm (3 in) of loose snow over a base consisting of at least 75 mm (3 in) o
26、f snow sufficiently compacted to support the vehicle without significant penetration or a surface primarily covered with grass with a maximum of 75 mm (3 in) in height. 4.1.9.5 The control force shall not exceed 111 N (25 lbf). 4.2 Recommendations The following design recommendations should improve
27、the performance and safety of a brake control system: 4.2.1 The control system should be routed to avoid entrapment of moisture, and to minimize accidental damage caused by contact with moving parts within the machine. 4.2.2 Control cable assembly, when used, should be routed with bend radii as larg
28、e as practical. Where small radii are necessary, adequate strain relief protection should be provided to insure that the conduit will not kink. 4.2.3 The adequacy of the brake control system should be verified by field testing. 5. TESTS 5.1 General Requirements 5.1.1 A minimum of two samples of each
29、 type of brake control system are to be tested. 5.1.2 The brake control system used throughout the following testing shall be identical to those to be used in vehicle production.5.1.3 All brake control system tests shall be conducted on a vehicle with production routing or on a suitable fixture that
30、 duplicates the location of components and routing. 5.1.4 Room temperature is defined as being in the range of 15 to 27 C (60 to 80 F). 5.1.5 The engine does not have to operate unless otherwise noted. 5.1.6 Components may be lubricated at time of initial assembly if specified on production assembly
31、 specification. After tests have started, lubrication of any component of the brake control system other than components which receive lubrication during normal maintenance operations or which are specified in vehicle service instructions shall not be allowed. SAE J1282 Revised APR2012 Page 5 of 7 5
32、.1.7 Tests shall be run in the following sequence: 5.2 System Performance Test 5.2.1 Scope To determine the adequacy of the performance of the brake control system. 5.2.2 Requirements 5.3 Strength Test 5.3.1 Scope Determine the adequacy of the brake control system to withstand panic forces which may
33、 be imposed by the operator. 5.3.2 Requirements The brake control system shall withstand a minimum force of 400 N (90 lb). (See Figure 2.) This first test is to be conducted at room temperature; subsequent tests will be required in 5.4, 5.5, and 5.6. 5.3.3 Test Acceptance The control lever may conta
34、ct a fixed, non-adjustable stop before the linkage is subjected to the force resulting from 5.3.2. The brake control system shall remain fully functional during and after the test without adjustment. FIGURE 2 - BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS 5.4 System High Temperature Test 5.4.1 Scope To determi
35、ne the effect of elevated temperature and wear on operation of the brake control system. SAE J1282 Revised APR2012 Page 6 of 7 5.4.2 Test Procedure 5.4.2.1 Conduct the test at a temperature of 49 C (120 F) minimum. If, however, a portion of the brake control system is exposed to a higher temperature
36、 in service, then at least this portion of the brake control system shall be tested at this higher temperature. (Refer to 5.4.2.2.) 5.4.2.2 Determine the maximum temperature to which the brake control system is exposed when the snowmobile has operated for a minimum of 30 min under load at an ambient
37、 temperature of at least 10 C (50 F) and use this temperature to conduct the 5.4.2.3 test. If a minimum ambient of 10 C (50 F) cannot be obtained, subtract the ambient temperature from 10 C (50 F) and add this difference to the maximum under-hood temperature to which the brake control system is expo
38、sed at the lower ambient. Use this temperature to conduct the 5.4.2.3 test. 5.4.2.3 Cycle the brake control system through design operating range with a minimum actuation force 50% higher than that required to meet the requirement of 4.1.9, at a rate not to exceed 60 cycles/min for 25 000 cycles. Cy
39、cles may be used toward the 100 000 cycles of the 5.5 test. 5.4.2.4 The brake control system shall be subjected to 5.3, while remaining at temperature, per 5.4.2.1 or 5.4.2.2. 5.4.3 Test Acceptance The brake control system shall remain fully functional throughout and upon completion of testing. 5.5
40、System Cycle Test 5.5.1 Scope Determine the effect of wear of the brake control system on control operations. 5.5.2 Procedure 5.5.2.1 Conduct tests at room temperature. 5.5.2.2 The brake control system shall be cycled through the operating range (control linkage travel) with an actuation force 50% h
41、igher than that required to meet the requirement of 4.1.9, at a rate not to exceed 60 cycles/min for a minimum of 100 000 cycles. 5.5.2.3 Cycles accumulated in 5.4 can be credited toward the 100 000 cycles required for this test. 5.5.2.4 Subject brake control system to 5.3. 5.5.3 Test Acceptance 5.5
42、.3.1 The brake control system shall remain fully functional throughout and upon completion of testing. 5.6 System Low Temperature Tests 5.6.1 Scope To determine the effect of high relative humidity and subzero temperatures on brake control system operation. SAE J1282 Revised APR2012 Page 7 of 7 5.6.
43、2 Test Procedure 5.6.2.1 The brake control system shall be exposed to a temperature of 40 C 3 C (40 F 5 F) for a minimum of 2 h and then exposed to a minimum relative humidity of 60% at room temperature for a period of 30 min 10 min, after which the system shall be exposed again to a temperature of
44、40 C 3 C (40 F 5 F) for a period of 4 h 30 min. 5.6.2.2 Subject to 5.6.3; after conditioning per 5.6.2.1, the brake control, while still at 40 C 3 C (40 F 5 F), shall be actuated (braking force applied). Actuation of control shall be repeated at least five times within 60 s with a minimum actuation
45、force 50% higher than that required to meet the requirement of 4.1.9. 5.6.2.3 Subject to 5.6.3; the brake control system shall be subjected to 5.3, while remaining at temperature, per 5.6.2.2. 5.6.3 Test Acceptance 5.6.3.1 The brake control system shall remain fully functional throughout and upon co
46、mpletion of testing. 6. NOTES 6.1 Marginal Indicia A change bar (I) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY THE SAE SNOWMOBILE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
