1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2011 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication m
3、ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside U
4、SA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J1349_201109 SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J1349SEP2011 Issued 1980-12 Revised 2011-09 Superseding
5、 J1349MAR2008 Engine Power Test Code - Spark Ignition and Compression Ignition - As Installed Net Power Rating RATIONALE This standard is intended to provide the industry with a repeatable means of determining the as installed net power and torque of an engine. The current revision has been made to
6、reflect the changing specifications of fuels available in the market place and to clarify issues that experience has shown were unclear in the previous version of the standard. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE 3 1.1 Purpose of Standard . 4 1.2 Field of Application 4 1.3 Relationship to ISO 1585 4 2. REFER
7、ENCES 5 2.1 Applicable Documents 5 2.1.1 SAE Publications . 5 2.1.2 ISO Publications 5 2.1.3 Federal Regulation 5 3. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS . 5 3.1 NET BRAKE POWER AND TORQUE 5 3.2 RATED NET POWER AND TORQUE 6 3.3 RATED POWER SPEED 6 3.4 RATED TORQUE SPEED 6 3.5 FULLY EQUIPPED ENGINE . 6 3.6 REFERENC
8、E TEST CONDITIONS 6 3.7 FRICTION POWER 6 3.8 INDICATED POWER 6 4. SYMBOLS, UNITS, AND SUBSCRIPTS. 6 4.1 Symbols and Units 6 4.2 Subscripts 7 SAE J1349Revised SEP2011 Page 2 of 27 5. REFERENCE TEST CONDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS 7 5.1 Reference Atmospheric Conditions . 7 5.2 SI Gasoline Specifications. 8
9、 5.3 Reference CI Fuel Specifications 9 5.4 Alternative Fuels 9 5.5 Power Correction Factor . 9 5.6 Correction Formulas 10 5.6.1 Spark-Ignition Engine Correction Formulas 10 5.6.2 Compression Ignition Engine Correction Formulas. 11 6. LABORATORY AND ENGINE EQUIPMENT 11 6.1 Engine Equipment . 11 6.2
10、Laboratory Equipment . 13 6.2.1 Exhaust System 14 6.2.2 Fuel Supply System. 14 6.2.3 Charge Air Cooler 14 6.2.4 Auxiliary Power Supply 14 7. LABORATORY TEST PROCEDURES . 14 7.1 Instrumentation Accuracy 14 7.2 Measurement Requirements . 15 7.2.1 Inlet Air Supply Pressure and Temperature 15 7.2.2 Inta
11、ke Manifold Pressure and Temperature 15 7.2.3 Charge Air Cooler Pressure and Temperature . 15 7.2.4 Coolant Temperature 15 7.2.5 Oil Pressure and Temperature 15 7.2.6 Fuel Temperature and Pressure . 15 7.2.7 Exhaust System Pressure and Temperature 15 7.2.8 Air/Fuel Ratio . 16 7.3 Adjustments and Run
12、-In 16 7.3.1 Adjustments 16 7.3.2 Run-In 16 7.4 Test Operating Conditions 16 7.4.1 Steady-State 16 7.4.2 Transient . 16 7.5 Power and Torque Determination . 18 7.5.1 Test Procedure 18 7.5.2 Test Points 18 7.5.3 Logging of Measurements . 18 7.5.4 Engine Calibration Controls . 18 7.5.5 Charge Air Cool
13、er Settings 18 7.5.6 Boosted Engine Settings . 18 7.5.7 Ambient Temperature . 18 7.5.8 Inlet Air Conditions 19 7.5.9 Coolant Temperature 19 7.5.10 Coolant Type . 19 7.5.11 Oil Temperature 19 7.5.12 Oil Type . 19 7.5.13 Fuel Temperature 19 7.5.14 Fuel Pressure 19 7.5.15 Exhaust Backpressure 19 SAE J1
14、349Revised SEP2011 Page 3 of 27 8. PRESENTATION OF RESULTS . 20 8.1 Reporting Requirements . 20 8.1.1 General Test Information 20 8.1.2 Engine Description 20 8.1.3 Liquid Fuel - Spark Ignition Engine . 20 8.1.4 Gaseous Fuel - Spark Ignition Engine 21 8.1.5 Diesel Fuels . 21 8.1.6 Lubricating Oil . 2
15、1 8.1.7 Engine Coolant 21 8.1.8 Test Cell Measurements and Calibrations 21 8.2 Test Data Requirements . 22 9. TRANSIENT VEHICLE TESTING . 23 9.1 Transient Vehicle Test Specifications . 23 9.1.1 Vehicle Equipment 23 9.1.2 Vehicle Weight 23 9.1.3 Exhaust Pressure Measurement . 23 9.1.4 Charge Air Cool
16、er (if applicable) . 23 9.1.5 Method of Data Acquisition . 23 9.1.6 Ambient Conditions . 24 9.2 Transient Vehicle Test Procedures . 24 9.2.1 Engine Warm-Up 24 9.2.2 Data Acquisition Rate 24 9.2.3 Vehicle Acceleration Test Procedures 24 9.2.4 Vehicle Data Averaging . 24 9.3 Application of Vehicle Tra
17、nsient Data to Net Power Test . 24 10. NOTES 25 10.1 Marginal Indicia . 25 APPENDIX A 27 TABLE 1 SYMBOLS AND UNITS . 7 TABLE 2 REFERENCE ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS . 7 TABLE 3 SI GASOLINE SPECIFICATIONS 8 TABLE 4 FUEL TYPE SELECTION FOR SI ENGINE RATING . 8 TABLE 5 REFERENCE CI FUEL SPECIFICATIONS 9 TAB
18、LE 6 ENGINE EQUIPMENT 12 TABLE 8 TEST DATA PARAMETERS . 22 TABLE A1 ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION FACTOR EXPONENTS . 26 TABLE A2 ENGINE FACTOR CALCULATION 26 1. SCOPE This standard is intended to provide a method to obtain repeatable measurements that accurately reflect true engine performance in customer
19、service. Whenever there is an opportunity for interpretation of the standard, a good faith effort shall be made to obtain the engines typical in-service performance and avoid finding the best possible performance under the best possible conditions. Intentional biasing of engine component or assembly
20、 tolerances to optimize performance for this test is prohibited. SAE J1349Revised SEP2011 Page 4 of 27 1.1 Purpose of Standard This SAE Standard has been adopted by SAE to specify: a. A basis for net engine power and torque rating as installed in the final application b. Reference inlet air and fuel
21、 supply test conditions c. A method for correcting observed power and torque to reference conditions d. A method for determining net full load engine power and torque with a dynamometer e. A procedure to ensure that engine controls are operating in a manner consistent with customer operation. 1.2 Fi
22、eld of Application This test code document is applicable to both spark ignition (SI) and compression ignition (CI) engines, naturally aspirated and pressure-charged, with and without charge air cooling. This document does not apply to aircraft or marine engines. The standard is applicable to the int
23、ernal combustion engine used in a hybrid powertrain, but it does not comprehend the combined output of the hybrid powertrain. 1.2.1 This test code supersedes those portions of SAE J1349 JUN1995 dealing with net power rating. It can be used immediately, and it shall be used for testing after January
24、1, 2005. 1.2.2 Standard CI diesel fuel specifications are range mean values for Type 2-D EPA test fuel per Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 86.1313-2004 or most recent. 1.2.3 The corresponding test code for gross power and torque rating is SAE J1995. 1.2.4 The document for mapping engine
25、performance is SAE J1312. 1.3 Relationship to ISO 1585 ISO 1585-1992 differs from SAE J1349 in several areas, among which the most important are: a. This document is not limited to road vehicles. b. This document requires inlet fuel temperature be controlled to 40 C on CI engines. c. This document i
26、ncludes a reference fuel specification and requires that engine power be corrected to that specification on all CI engines. d. This document includes a different procedure for testing engines with a laboratory charge air cooler. e. This document stipulates a 20% duty cycle limit on variable speed co
27、oling fans in order to qualify for testing at the minimum power loss settings. f. This document provides procedures for transient testing of light duty vehicles with the associated changes in control parameters and exhaust back pressure. g. This document includes accessory losses if the accessories
28、are standard on the vehicle application. h. ISO 1585-1992 allows 7% correction on SI and 10% correction on CI engines. SAE J1349Revised SEP2011 Page 5 of 27 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless othe
29、rwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J1312 Procedure for Mapping Perform
30、anceSpark Ignition and Compression Ignition Engines SAE J1995 Engine Power Test CodeSpark Ignition and Compression IgnitionGross Power Rating 2.1.2 ISO Publications Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org. IS
31、O 1585 Road vehiclesEngine test codeNet power ISO 2288 Agricultural tractors and machinesEngine test code (bench test)Net power ISO 3046 Reciprocating internal combustion enginesPerformance ISO 4106 MotorcyclesEngine test codeNet power ISO 9249 Earth-moving machineryEngine test codeNet power 2.1.3 F
32、ederal Regulation Available from the United States Government Printing Office, 732 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20401, Tel: 202-512-0000, www.gpoaccess.gov. CFR 40 Part 86.1313-2004 or most recent 3. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS This section contains the definitions of key terms used to describ
33、e the net power and torque test. 3.1 NET BRAKE POWER AND TORQUE The power and torque produced by an engine at any speed when configured as a “fully equipped” engine (per 3.5), corrected to the reference atmospheric conditions and/or reference diesel fuel specifications per Section 5, and tested in a
34、ccordance to the applicable procedures contained in this standard. SAE J1349Revised SEP2011 Page 6 of 27 3.2 RATED NET POWER AND TORQUE The net brake power and torque produced by the engine at the rated power speed and rated torque speed, respectively. 3.3 RATED POWER SPEED The engine speed at which
35、 the Rated Brake Power is achieved. The rated power speed must be achievable in the application for which the engine is rated. 3.4 RATED TORQUE SPEED The engine speed at which the Rated Brake Torque is achieved. The rated torque speed must be achievable in the application for which the engine is rat
36、ed. 3.5 FULLY EQUIPPED ENGINE A “fully equipped” engine is an engine equipped with only those accessories necessary to perform its intended service. Accessory components that are installed on all engines in the application, e.g., power steering pump, are also included on the engine for test. Table 1
37、 in Section 6 lists the engine equipment and accessories required for the net power test. 3.6 REFERENCE TEST CONDITIONS The standard (reference) engine inlet air supply and inlet fuel conditions to which all power corrections are made. 3.7 FRICTION POWER The power required to drive the engine as equ
38、ipped for the net power test. Friction power may be established by one of the following methods. a. Preferred Method: Hot Motoring FrictionRecord friction torque at wide-open throttle at each test speed run on the power test. All readings are to be taken at the same coolant and oil temperature as ob
39、served on the power test points 3 C, and variable engine devices should be at the as calibrated settings. b. Alternative Method: If measured friction data are not available, it is permissible to assume 85% mechanical efficiency. When measured friction data are available, they must be used in computi
40、ng mechanical efficiency. When this alternative method is used, it should be noted in the reported data that the results were corrected using an assumed mechanical efficiency of 85%. 3.8 INDICATED POWER Indicated power is defined as the sum of the brake power and friction power for the purpose of th
41、is document. 4. SYMBOLS, UNITS, AND SUBSCRIPTS 4.1 Symbols and Units SI units shall be used for all measurements unless otherwise specified. SAE J1349Revised SEP2011 Page 7 of 27 TABLE 1 - SYMBOLS AND UNITS Symbol Term Unit(s) CA Air correction factor CF Fuel correction factor Fa Atmospheric factor
42、Fm Engine factor Fd Fuel density factor Fv Fuel viscosity factor Pressure sensitivity exponent Temperature sensitivity exponent S Viscosity sensitivity coefficient D Engine displacement L Pa Inlet air supply total pressure kPa t Inlet air supply temperature C T Brake Torque* N-m, lb-ft Pm Inlet mani
43、fold total pressure kPa R Pressure ratio Q Fuel delivery mg/L cycle Bp Brake power* kW, hp Fp Friction power* kW, hp Ip Indicated power* kW, hp N Engine speed min-1F Fuel flow g/s SG Fuel density at 15 C kg/L V Fuel viscosity at 40 C mm2/s * Power and torque may be expressed as HP (0.746 kW) and lb-
44、ft (1.356 N-m). This departure from metric standards is allowed due to the common use of English units in the advertising of power and torque to consumers. 4.2 Subscripts c = Refers to data corrected to reference inlet air and fuel supply conditions o = Refers to data observed at the actual test con
45、ditions d = Refers to the dry air portion of the total inlet air supply pressure r = Refers to the reference test conditions per Section 5 5. REFERENCE TEST CONDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS This section contains reference air and fuel supply test conditions and specifications, recommended test ranges, and
46、 applicability of the correction procedures. 5.1 Reference Atmospheric Conditions Table 2 defines reference atmospheric conditions and test ranges for which correction factors are valid. TABLE 2 - REFERENCE ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS Standard Condition Test Range Limits Inlet Air Supply Pressure (absolu
47、te) 100 kPa Dry Air Pressure (absolute) 99 kPa 90 105 kPa Inlet Air Supply Temperature 25 C 15 35 C With the exception of humidity, no modification to the composition of intake air is permitted. Available laboratory equipment shall be set to minimize correction factors by controlling inlet air as cl
48、ose as possible to “reference atmospheric conditions”. SAE J1349Revised SEP2011 Page 8 of 27 5.2 SI Gasoline Specifications The ratings of SI engines tested under this standard must reflect the performance that a customer can obtain operating the engine on the manufacturers recommended fuel. To achi
49、eve that, fuels used in testing must have energy content (defined as lower heating value) typical of that found in commercially available gasoline. The engine rating shall be for fuel octane values typical of commercially available fuels of the grade recommended by the manufacturer. No correction for power output is made due to fuel energy content. Maximum allowable gasoline octane numbers for engine
