1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2013 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J1401_201302 SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J1401 FEB2013 Issued 1942-01 Revised 2013-0
5、2 Superseding J1401 JUN2003 Road Vehicle - Hydraulic Brake Hose Assemblies for Use With Nonpetroleum-Base Hydraulic Fluids RATIONALE This revision contains three main updates. The first update is to the internal diameter categories. A gap exists in between the categories, and this gap could result i
6、n ambiguity of requirements for new brake hoses with new internal diameters. This revision has been recommended for adoption into FMVSS 106. The second update is to the brake fluid specification. This specification now refers to both DOT 3 and DOT4 fluids. Also, the composition of the Compatibility
7、Fluids is changing more rapidly. It makes more sense to place a reference to SAE J1703 and SAE J1704 instead of updating many specifications each time the Compatibility Fluid is changed. The third update is the requirement for identification yarn. The Automotive Brake and Steering Hose Committee has
8、 determined that the identification yarn is not necessary. Brake hose identification information can be found on fitting stamps and the printing on the outside diameter of the hose material. The identification yarn requirement has been declared optional. 1. SCOPE This SAE Standard specifies the perf
9、ormance tests and requirements for hydraulic brake hose assemblies used in the hydraulic braking system of a road vehicle. It also specifies the methods used for identification of the hose manufacturer. This document applies to brake hose assemblies made of a hose fabricated from yarn and natural or
10、 synthetic elastomers and assembled with metal end fittings for use with nonpetroleum-base brake fluids as specified in SAE J1703, SAE J1704 and SAE J1705. The nominal internal diameter of the brake hose shall fall within one of the following values: a. less than 4 mm (1/8 in or less) b. 4 to 5 mm (
11、3/16 in) SAE J1401 Revised FEB2013 Page 2 of 20 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE
12、International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J1703 Motor Vehicle Brake Fluid SAE J1704 Motor Vehicle Brake Fluid Based Upon Glycols, Glycol Ethers and the Corresponding Borates SAE J1705 Lo
13、w Water Tolerant Brake Fluids 2.1.2 ASTM Publication Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org ASTM B 117 Method of Salt Spray (Fog) Testing 2.1.3 ISO Publication Available from American National Standar
14、ds Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org. ISO R147 Load calibration of testing machines for tensile testing of steel 2.2 Related Publications The following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a required part of this S
15、AE Technical Report. 2.2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J1288 Packaging, Storage, and Shelf Life of Hydraulic Brake Hose Assemblies SAE J
16、1406 Application of Hydraulic Brake Hose to Motor Vehicles - Wheel End and Axle 2.2.2 ISO Publication Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org. ISO 3996 Hydraulic brake hose assemblies - Non-Petroleum Hose Hyd
17、raulic Fluid Standard SAE J1401 Revised FEB2013 Page 3 of 20 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 BRAKE HOSE ASSEMBLY A brake hose equipped with end fittings for use in a brake system. 3.2 BRAKE HOSE A flexible conduit manufactured for use in a brake system to transmit and contain the fluid pressure medium used to ap
18、ply force to the vehicles brakes. 3.3 BRAKE HOSE END FITTING A coupling, other than a clamp, designed for attachment to the end of a brake hose. 3.4 PERMANENTLY ATTACHED END FITTING A coupling designed for permanent attachment to the ends of a brake hose by crimping or swaging. 3.5 FREE LENGTH The l
19、inear measurement of brake hose exposed between the end fittings of a brake hose assembly while maintained in a straight position. 3.6 LEAKS, BURST The loss of test fluid from the brake hose assembly other than by the designed inlet(s) and outlet(s). 3.7 CRACKING The interruption of a surface due to
20、 environment and/or stress. 3.8 HOSE INTERNAL DIAMETER A dimensional description of the nominal inside diameter that is printed on the hose cover. This dimension is to be used to calculate the gage size for the constriction test. EXAMPLE: 3 mm 4. PERFORMANCE TESTS Performance tests for hydraulic bra
21、ke hose assemblies include all of the tests listed in Table 1. These tests shall be conducted on each I.D. size and type1from each hose manufacturer. A change in hose construction, that is, a change in material or a change in the manufacturing method, shall require a complete performance test. Accor
22、dingly, each coupler shall conduct the performance test on each coupling crimp design for each hose construction. A change of coupling crimp design shall require a complete performance test. Variations that do not influence the integrity of the hose coupling joint, such as variation in thread size,
23、port dimensions, hex size, and the like, shall not be considered new design. The sample sizes listed in Table 1 represent minimums for validation of a production process. The manufacturer of the hydraulic brake hose assembly is responsible for conducting appropriate design verification exercises and
24、 for controlling the production processes such that any hose assembly provided for sale or use on a vehicle will be capable of meeting the performance requirements listed in Section 5 when subjected to the tests listed in Table 1, performed per the procedures and conditions described in 4.1 and 4.2.
25、 1Various reinforcing cord(s) and/or elastomer(s). SAE J1401 Revised FEB2013 Page 4 of 20 TABLE 1 - HYDRAULIC BRAKE HOSE ASSEMBLY PERFORMANCE TEST SUMMARY(1) Sample Size Performance Test Test Procedure (paragraph) Performance Requirement (paragraph) All 100% Pressure Test 4.2.1 5.1 All(2) Constricti
26、on 4.2.2 5.2 4 Volumetric Expansion 4.2.3 5.3 Followed by Burst 4.2.4 5.4 4 Brake Fluid Compatibility 4.2.5 5.5 4 Whip 4.2.6 5.6 4 Tensile 4.2.7 5.7 1 Cold Bend 4.2.8 5.8 1 Ozone 4.2.9 5.9 1 Salt Spray 4.2.10 5.10 Water Absorption 4.2.11 5.11 4 Burst 4 Whip 4 Tensile 4 Hot Impulse 4.2.12 5.12 4 Dyna
27、mic Ozone 4.2.13 5.13 39 Total Samples 1. When the hose assembly configurations make it impractical to conduct tests such as tensile, whip, and constriction, hose assemblies produced from equivalent type end fittings, production type equipment, and processes must be used to make the substitute brake
28、 hose assemblies. 2. Four brake hose assemblies may be used if assemblies must be cut to conduct constriction tests. 4.1 Test Conditions The assemblies for each performance test shall be new and unused and shall be at least 24 h old. The last 4 h prior to testing shall be at a temperature of 15 to 3
29、2 C (60 to 90 F). Prior to installation of the hose assembly on a whip or cold bend test, all external appendages such as mounting brackets, spring guards, and metal collars shall be removed or long tubes shortened, or both. The temperature of the testing room shall be between 15 and 32 C (60 and 90
30、 F) for all tests except brake fluid compatibility, cold bend, hot impulse, ozone, dynamic ozone, salt spray, and water absorption. SAE Compatibility Fluid according to SAE J1703 or SAE J1704 should be used for all tests requiring brake fluid. Different test results may be obtained using different f
31、luids. 4.2 Test Procedures 4.2.1 100% Pressure Test The hose assembly shall be subject to a pressure test, using inert gas, air, water, or brake fluid as a pressure medium. Brake fluid shall meet SAE J1703/J1704/J1705. The test pressure shall be 10.3 MPa (1500 psi) minimum, 14.5 MPa (2100 psi) maxim
32、um for inert gas and air and 20.7 MPa (3000 psi) minimum, 24.8 MPa (3600 psi) maximum for water and nonpetroleum-base hydraulic brake fluid. Special care should be taken when gas or air is used. Under the pressure specified, gas or air is explosive if a failure should occur in the hose or hose assem
33、bly. The pressure shall be held for not less than 10 nor more than 25 s. 4.2.2 Constriction Test For qualification and lab testing, the constriction of the hose assemblies shall be measured with a gage plug as shown in Figure 1. SAE J1401 Revised FEB2013 Page 5 of 20 FIGURE 1 - GAGE PLUG FOR TESTING
34、 CONSTRICTION OF BORE OF HOSE ASSEMBLY Hold the assembly vertically at the fitting and insert the “A” diameter portion of the constriction gage into the end of the fitting. Allow the gage to drop of its own weight for the full length of the probe. The time required for the gage to drop shall not exc
35、eed 5 s. Repeat this step for the other end of the brake hose assembly. The design of some fittings makes it impossible to insert the gage plug externally. For these assemblies, insert a special elongated gage plug into the opposite fitting and pass the probe through the hose, into and through the c
36、rimped area of the fitting being tested. If the gage plug becomes misaligned at the entrance to the second fitting, it may be necessary to align the hose to allow the plug gage to pass through. The special gage plug shall meet all the requirements of Figure 1, with the exception of the 76 mm (3 in)
37、length, which must be increased appropriately so that its tip will extend past the hose opening. Some brake hose assemblies have fittings on both ends, brackets, and/or center fittings that cannot be entered with a gage plug. Cut these assemblies 50 mm 3 mm (2 in 0.1 in) from the end of the fitting
38、and then test with the plug gage. (Reference Table 1, footnote 2). 4.2.3 Volumetric Expansion Test The expansion test is designed to measure, by fluid displacement, the volumetric expansion of the free length of assembled hydraulic brake hose when subjected to specified internal pressures. Water or
39、SAE Compatibility Fluid per SAE J1703 or J1704 should be used as a pressure medium. 4.2.3.1 If the specimen used in this test has been subjected to a pressure above 20 MPa (2900 psi) using any medium prior to this test, allow it to recover for 15 min. 4.2.3.2 Carefully thread the hose assembly into
40、the adapters designed to seal in the same manner as in actual use. Do not twist. Maintain the hose in a vertical, straight position, without tension, while under pressure. 4.2.3.3 Bleed all the air from the system by allowing approximately 0.25 L (0.5 pt) of brake fluid or water to flow through the
41、hose assembly and into the buret. Removal of air bubbles may be facilitated by moving the hose back and forth. Close the valve to the buret and apply 20.0 MPa +0, -0.14 MPa (2900 psi +0, -20 psi) to the hose assembly. Within 10 s, inspect the hose assembly for leaks at the connections and then relea
42、se the pressure completely in the hose. Adjust the brake fluid or water level in the buret to zero. With the valve to the buret closed, apply 6.9 MPa +0, -0.14 MPa (1000 psi +0, -20 psi) to hose assembly and seal this pressure in the hose within 5 s 3 s. Within 3 s, open the valve to the buret for 1
43、0 s +3, -0 s and allow the brake fluid or water level in the expanded hose to rise in the buret. The brake fluid or water level in the buret should be constant within that time period. SAE J1401 Revised FEB2013 Page 6 of 20 4.2.3.4 Repeat the preceding step two times, so the amount of brake fluid or
44、 water in the buret will be the total of the three expansions. Measure this buret reading to the nearest 0.05 cm3. 4.2.3.5 The volumetric expansion is calculated by dividing the buret reading by three and subtracting the calibration factor. This figure divided by the free length in meters (feet) wil
45、l give the volumetric expansion per meter (feet) of hose. 4.2.3.6 Readjust the brake fluid or water level in the buret to zero as previously stated and repeat the procedure to obtain the expansion at pressures of 10.3 MPa +0, -0.14 MPa (1500 psi +0, -20 psi) and 20 MPa +0, -0.14 MPa (2900 psi +0, -2
46、0 psi.) If the pressure in the hose should inadvertently be raised to a value above that specified, but not above 24 MPa (3500 psi), completely release the pressure and allow the hose to recover for at least 15 min and then repeat the test. If the hose was subjected to a pressure above 24 MPa (3500
47、psi), repeat the test using a new brake hose. If at any time during the test an air bubble flows out of the hose, repeat the test after allowing at least 3 min for the hose to recover. 4.2.3.7 Test Apparatus Test apparatus shall consist essentially of the following: a. A source for required fluid pr
48、essures, test fluid consisting of brake fluid or water without any additives and free of air or gas bubbles. b. A reservoir for pressure gages, fittings where the hose assembly may be mounted vertically for application of pressure under controlled conditions. c. A graduated buret with 0.05 cm3increm
49、ents for measuring the volume of liquid corresponding to the expansion of the hose under pressure. d. Plumbing hardware as required. All piping and connections shall be smooth bore without recesses or offsets so all air may be freely removed from the system before running each test. Valves shall be capable of withstanding pressures involved without leakage. See Figure 2. FIGURE 2 - EXPANSION TEST APPARATUS SAE J1401 Revised FE
