1、 _ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising ther
2、efrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2016 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this
3、publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-49
4、70 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J1704_201607 SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J1704 JUL2016 Issued 1997-01 Revised 2016-
5、07Superseding J1704 AUG2014 Motor Vehicle Brake Fluid Based Upon Glycols, Glycol Ethers and the Corresponding Borates RATIONALE 1. EPDM (RM69) and SBR (RM03a) are currently tested at 70 and 120 C. 120 C is more aggressive, and running the test again at 70 C does not offer any insight to a brake flui
6、ds performance; therefore, testing EPDM and SBR at 70 C will be discontinued. 2. With respect to EPDM at 120 C, this test will be suspended until the Committee can decide on a specification adjustment. Testing with the reference fluid (RM66) with EPDM (RM69) yields a volume increase near 0%, and the
7、 requirement is currently 0 10%. A minimum requirement that has the same value as an average does not fit a best practice philosophy. 3. Testing with the reference fluid (RM66) with EPDM (RM69) on the Metal Corrosion, Wet Corrosion test can yield negative volume swelO 7KHVSHFLILFDWLRQRIWRKDVEHHQFKDQ
8、JHGWRDVWKHFRPPLWWHHLQYHVWLJDWHVa different EPDM formulation. 1. SCOPE This SAE Standard covers motor vehicle brake fluids of the nonpetroleum type, based upon glycols, glycol ethers, and borates of glycolethers, and appropriate inhibitors, for use in the braking system of any motor vehicle such as a
9、 passenger car, truck, bus, or trailer. These fluids are not intended for use under arctic conditions. These fluids are designed for use in braking systems fitted with rubber cups and seals made from styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), or a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene, and a diene (EPDM). 2. REFER
10、ENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15
11、096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J527 Brazed Double Wall Low-Carbon Steel Tubing SAE J1703 Motor Vehicle Brake Fluid based upon glycols and glycol ethers SAE INTERNATIONAL J1704 JUL2016 Page 2 of 24 2.1.2 ASTM Publications Availab
12、le from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org ASTM D 34-08 Standard Guide for Chemical Analysis of White Pigments ASTM D 91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating Oils ASTM D 344 Method of Test for Rel
13、ative Dry Hiding Power of Paints ASTM D 395 Test Methods for Rubber Property - Compression Set ASTM D 412 Test Methods for Rubber Properties in Tension ASTM D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) ASTM D 664 Test Method f
14、or Neutralization Number of Potentiometric Titration ASTM D 2137 Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property-Brittleness Point of Flexible Polymers and Coated Fabrics ASTM D 865 Test Method for Rubber - Deterioration by heating in Air (Test Tube Enclosure) ASTM D 1120 Method of Test for Boiling Point
15、of Engine Coolants ASTM D 1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Pigments) ASTM D 1364 Test Method for Water in Volatile Solvents (Fischer Reagent Titration Method) ASTM D 1415 Method of Test for International Hardness of Vulcanized Natural Rubber and Synthetic Rubbers ASTM D 1
16、613 Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products ASTM D 2240 Method of Test for Indentation Hardness of Rubber and Plastics by Means of a Durometer ASTM D 3182 Recommended Practice for Rubber-Materials, Equipment, and P
17、rocedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Preparing Standard Vulcanized Sheets ASTM D 3185 Methods for Rubber-Evaluation of SBR (Styrene-Butadiene Rubber) including Mixtures with Oil ASTM E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers ASTM E 145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation
18、 Ovens 2.2 Related Publications The following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a required part of this SAE Technical Report. 2.2.1 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-
19、832-9585, www.astm.org ASTM E 260 Standard Recommended Practice for General Gas Chromatography Procedure ASTM E 298 Evaluation of Benzoyl Peroxides SAE INTERNATIONAL J1704 JUL2016 Page 3 of 24 3. MATERIALS The quality of the materials used shall be such that the resulting product will conform to the
20、 requirements of this standard and insure uniformity of performance. 4. REQUIREMENTS Requirements are given in Table 1, using the test procedures according to Section 5. Table 1 - SAE J1704 test procedures and requirements Test Procedure Section Test Description Unit Requirements Standard Low Viscos
21、ity 5.1 5.2 Equilibrium Reflux BoilingPoint(ERBP) Wet Equilibium Reflux Boiling Point (WERBP) C C 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 Viscosity at -40 C at 100 C mm/s mm/s 5.4 pH Value - 7.0 to 11.5 5.5 5.5.1 5.5.2 Fluid Stability High temperature Stability Chemical Stability C C 5 5 5.6 5.6 .1 Metal Corrosion Wet Corr
22、osion Metal Strip Characteristics, after test Weight Change of Metal Strips Maximum Tinned Iron mg/cm 0.2 Steel mg/cm 0.2 Aluminum mg/cm 0.1 Cast Iron mg/cm 0.2 Brass mg/cm 0.4 Copper mg/cm 0.4 Appearance - No Pitting or roughness outside contact area Staining and discoloration - Permitted Liquid ch
23、aracteristics after test Appearance - No gelling or crystalline deposit pH Value - 7.0 to 11.5 Sediment % Rubber Characteristics, after test SBR (RM-03a) Blisters or sloughing - None Hardness decrease, maximum IRHD 15 Base diameter increase, maximum mm 1.4 EPDM (RM-69) Blisters or sloughing - None H
24、ardness decrease, maximum IRHD 10 Volume increase % SAE INTERNATIONAL J1704 JUL2016 Page 4 of 24 Table 1 - SAE J1704 test procedures and requirements (continued) Test Procedure Section Test Description Unit Requirements Standard Low Viscosity 5.6.2 Dry Fluid (as received) - Metal Strip Characteristi
25、cs, after test Weight Change of Metal Strips Maximum Tinned Iron mg/cm 0.2 Steel mg/cm 0.2 Aluminium mg/cm 0.1 Cast Iron mg/cm 0.2 Brass mg/cm 0.4 Copper mg/cm 0.4 Appearance - No pitting or roughness outside contact area Staining and discoloration - Permitted Liquid characteristics after test Appea
26、rance - No gelling or crystaline deposit pH Value -7.0 to 11.5 Sediment % Rubber Characteristics, after test SBR (RM-03a) Blister None Sloughing None EPDM (RM-69) Blister None Sloughing None 5.7 Fluidity and Appearance at Low Temperatures 5.7.1 At -40 C Stratification - None Sedimentation/ crystaliz
27、ation - None Bubble Inversion Time s Appearance at Room Temperature - As original 5.7.2 At -50 C Stratification - None Sedimentation/ crystalization - None Bubble Inversion Time s Appearance at Room Temperature - As original SAE INTERNATIONAL J1704 JUL2016 Page 5 of 24 Table 1 - SAE J1704 test proce
28、dures and requirements (continued) 5.8 Water Tolerance 5.8.1 At -40 C Stratification - None Sedimentation/ crystalization - NoneAppearance - Contrast lines on hiding power chart to be discernible when viewed through fluid. Bubble Inversion Time s 5.8.2 At 60 C Stratification - NoneSedimentation % vo
29、l Sediment in Commercial Packaged fluid % vol 5.9 Compatibility 5.9.1 At -40 C Stratification - None Sedimentation/ crystalization - NoneAppearance - Contrast lines on hiding power chart to be discernible when viewed through fluid. 5.9.2 60 C Stratification - None Sedimentation % vol 5.10 Resistance
30、 to Oxidation Metal Appearance - No Pitting or roughness outside contact area. No more than trace of gum. Staining/ Discoloration - PermittedWeight loss of Aluminium mg/cm Weight loss of Cast Iron mg/cm 5.11 Effect on Rubber 5.11.1 Styrene Butadiene Rubber ( SBR) RM-03a At 120 C Hardness decrease IR
31、HD 0 to 15 Base Diameter increase mm 0.15 to 1.4 Blisters - None Sloughing - None SAE INTERNATIONAL J1704 JUL2016 Page 6 of 24 Table 1 - SAE J1704 test procedures and requirements (continued) 5. TEST PROCEDURES 5.1 Equilibrium Reflux Boiling Point Determine the equilibrium reflux boiling point of th
32、e brake fluid by ASTM D 1120 with the following exceptions: 5.1.1 Apparatus 5.1.1.1 Thermometer ASTM E 1, 76 mm immersion, calibrated. Use ASTM 3C or 3F thermometer. For fluids boiling below 300 C (572 F), ASTM 2C or 2F thermometer or other suitable non-mercury containing temperature measuring devic
33、e, such as a thermocouple, capable of operating in the same temperature range and having equal or better accuracy may be used. 5.1.1.2 Heat Source Heat source, variable autotransformer-controlled heating mantle designed to fit the flask, or an electric heater with rheostat heat control. 5.1.1.3 Boil
34、ing Point Stones RM-75 Silicon Carbide Boiling Stones #8. 5.1.1.4 Preparation of Apparatus Thoroughly clean and dry all glassware before use. Attach the flask to the condenser. Place the mantle under the flask and support it with a suitable ring clamp and laboratory type stand, holding the whole ass
35、embly in place by a clamp. NOTE: Place the whole assembly in an area free from drafts or other types of sudden temperature changes. 5.1.2 Procedure When everything is in readiness, turn on the condenser water and apply heat to the flask at such a rate that the fluid is refluxing in 10 minutes 2 minu
36、tes at a rate in excess of 1 drop/second. Immediately adjust heat input to obtain a specified equilibrium reflux rate of 1 to 2 drop/second over the next 5 minutes 2 minutes period. Maintain a timed and constant equilibrium reflux rate of 1 to 2 drop/second for an additional 2 minutes; record the av
37、erage value of four temperature readings taken at 30 second intervals as the equilibrium reflux boiling point. 5.11 Effect on Rubber At 120 C TEST SUSPENDED Hardness decrease IRHD 0 to 15 Volume increase % 0 to 10 Blisters - None Sloughing - None SAE INTERNATIONAL J1704 JUL2016 Page 7 of 24 5.1.3 Re
38、peatability (Single Analyst) The standard deviation of results (each the average of duplicates), obtained by the same analyst on different days, has been estimated to be 0.4 C (0.88 F) at 72 degrees of freedom. Two such values should be considered suspect (95% confidence level) if they differ by mor
39、e than 1.5 C (2.5 F). 5.1.4 Reproducibility (Multilaboratory) The standard deviation of results (each the average of duplicates), obtained by analysts in different laboratories, has been estimated to be 1.8 C (3.02 F) at 17 degrees of freedom. Two such values should be considered suspect (95% confid
40、ence level) if they differ by more than 5 C (9 F). 5.2 Wet Equilibrium Reflux Boiling Point 5.2.1 Humidification Procedure Lubricate the ground-glass joint of a 250 mm (9.89 in) I.D. bowl-form desiccator having matched tubulated glass cover and fitted with a No. 8 rubber stopper. Pour 450 mL 10 mL (
41、15.22 ounce 0.34 ounce) of distilled water into the desiccator and insert a perforated porcelain plate (Coors No. 60456 or equivalent). Immediately place one open RM-49 corrosion test jar containing 350 mL 5 mL of the test brake fluid into the desiccator. Place a second open RM-49 corrosion test jar
42、 containing 350 mL 5 mL of TEGME (triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, brake fluid grade-Appendix E) (RM-71) into the same desiccator. The water content of the TEGME control fluid at the start of exposure shall have been adjusted to 0.50% 0.05% by weight (Karl Fischer analysis or equivalent). Replac
43、e desiccator cover and insert at once into an ASTM E 145, Type II A, forced ventilation oven set at 50 C 1 C (122 F 1.8 F). Periodically, during oven humidification determine water content of the control fluid. When the water content of the control fluid has reached 3.70% 0.05% by weight, remove the
44、 desiccator from the oven and seal the test sample. Allow the sealed jar to cool for 60 to 90 minutes at 23 C 5 C (73.4 F 9 F). 5.2.2 Wet Equilibrium Reflux Boiling Point Humidify the brake fluid as described in 5.2.1 and determine the boiling point of the humidified brake fluid as described in 5.1.
45、 5.3 Viscosity Determine the kinematic viscosity of the fluid by ASTM D 445. 5.3.1 Report the viscosity to the nearest mm2/second (centistokes). Duplicate runs which agree within 1.2% relative to test result are acceptable for averaging (95% confidence level). 5.3.2 Repeatability (Single Analyst) Th
46、e coefficient of variation of results (each the average of duplicates), obtained by the same analyst on different days has been estimated to be 0.4% at 47 degrees of freedom. Two such values should be considered suspect (95% confidence level) if they differ by more than 1.2%. 5.3.3 Reproducibility (
47、Multilaboratory) The coefficient of variation of results (each the average of duplicates), obtained by analysts in different laboratories, has been estimated to be 1% at 15 degrees of freedom. Two such values should be considered suspect (95% confidence level) if they differ by more than 3%. SAE INTERNATIONAL J1704 JUL2016 Page 8 of 24 5.4 pH Value Mix the fluid with an equal volume of a mixture of 50% ethanol and 50% distilled water neutralized to a pH of 7.0. Determine the pH of the resulting solution electrometrically at 23 C 5 C (73.4 F 9 F), using a pH meter equipped with a ca
