1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefro
2、m, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT
3、 ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS http:/www.sae.orgCopyright 1995 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.SURFACEVEHICLE400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001STANDARDSubmitted for recognition as an American National StandardJ1723I
4、SSUEDAUG95Issued 1995-08SUPERCHARGER TESTING STANDARDForewordThis Document has not changed other than to put it into the new SAE Technical Standards Boardformat.TABLE OF CONTENTS1. Scope . 22. References . 22.1 Applicable Publications. 22.1.1 SAE Publications 23. Terms and Definitions. 24. Reference
5、 Test Conditions and Corrections . 34.1 Reference Atmospheric Conditions 34.2 Performance Corrections 35. Laboratory and Supercharger Equipment 35.1 Laboratory Equipment 35.1.1 Inlet System 35.1.2 Outlet System. 45.2 Supercharger Equipment . 45.3 Torque Meter 46. Test Measurement and Accuracy . 46.1
6、 Instrumentation Accuracy. 46.2 Air Flow Measurement 46.3 Pressure and Temperature Measurement 46.3.1 Inlet Pressure Measurement 56.3.2 Outlet Pressure Measurement 56.3.3 Inlet Temperature Measurement. 56.3.4 Outlet Temperature Measurement 57. Test Procedure . 57.1 Installation 57.1.1 Leak Checking
7、5SAE J1723 Issued AUG95-2-7.1.2 Insulation 57.1.3 Lubrication 57.1.4 Cooling Liquid .57.2 Test Conditions .57.2.1 Operating Conditions 57.2.2 Stabilization Criteria57.2.3 Adjustments and Run-in .67.2.4 Procedure .68. Presentation of Results.69. Correction Formulas and Calculations79.1 Positive Displ
8、acement Superchargers 79.2 Nonpositive Displacement Superchargers79.2.1 Air Flow Correction .79.2.2 Calculations 81. ScopeThis test document is applicable to all superchargers not requiring fuel to be added to the inlet airprior to the supercharger. This SAE Standard only applies to bench testing. A
9、ny maximum speed,temperature, and pressure ratios supplied by the manufacturer should be for this use only and may not apply toapplications of firing engines. This document has been adopted by SAE to specify:a. A standard basis for supercharger efficiency ratingb. Reference inlet air supply test con
10、ditionsc. A method for correcting observed efficiency to reference conditionsd. A method for presenting these results in an accurate and usable waye. A method to compare superchargers without the affects of engine dynamics and intercooling2. References2.1 Applicable PublicationsThe following publica
11、tions form a part of this specification to the extent specifiedherein. Unless otherwise specified, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONSAvailable from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAE J1349Engine Power Test CodeSpark Ignition and Compressio
12、n IgnitionNet Power RatingSAE J1826Turbocharger Gas Stand Test CodeSAE J1995Engine Power Test CodeSpark Ignition and Compression IgnitionGross Power Rating3. DefinitionsThis section contains the definitions of key terms used to describe the superchargerperformance test.3.1 Rated SpeedThe speed and p
13、ressure determined by the manufacturer at which the supercharger efficiencyis the greatest.3.2 Fully Equipped SuperchargerA fully equipped supercharger is a supercharger with all the accessoriesnecessary to perform its basic function. These include balance shafts, integral oil pumps but not auxiliar
14、y oilpumps, nor variable pulleys. The purpose is to find the maximum performance of the supercharger excludingall external accessories. The effect of the accessories should be noted in the presentation of the results.3.3 Reference Test ConditionsThe standard or reference supercharger inlet air suppl
15、y (atmospheric) to whichall performance corrections are made.SAE J1723 Issued AUG95-3-3.4 Supercharger SpeedThe revolutions per minute of the supercharger read from the pulley or input shaft ofthe supercharger.3.5 Positive Displacement SuperchargerA positive displacement supercharger is one that for
16、 every revolutiona set volume of air is displaced.3.6 RestrictorThe system used to control pressure ratio (i.e., globe valve, V-ball) that does not interact with theperformance of the supercharger.3.7 SurgeSurge is severe air flow reversal characterized by the sharp increase in supercharger inlet ai
17、rtemperature (per 6.3.3) and rapid pressure fluctuations. This does not apply to positive displacementsuperchargers.3.8 Pressure RatioPressure differential across the supercharger.4. Reference Test Conditions and CorrectionsThis section contains reference air supply test conditions andspecifications
18、, recommended test ranges, and applicability of the correction procedures.4.1 Reference Atmospheric ConditionsTable 1 consists of the reference atmospheric conditions and testranges for which the correction procedures are valid:4.2 Performance CorrectionsNonpositive displacement superchargers are af
19、fected by the density of the inletair. Therefore, in order to provide a common basis of comparison, it may be necessary to apply correctionfactors to the observed flow to account for differences between reference air conditions and those at which thetest data were acquired.4.2.1 All flow correction
20、procedures for atmospheric air are based on the conditions of the supercharger inlet airsupply immediately prior to the entrance into the supercharger inlet system. This may be ambient(atmospheric) air or a laboratory air plenum that maintains air supply conditions within the range limitsdefined per
21、 4.1.4.2.2 The magnitude of the air flow correction should not exceed 5% for the inlet air. If the correction factorexceeds these values, it shall be noted in accordance with 8.1.5. Laboratory and Supercharger EquipmentThis section contains a list of laboratory equipment used in thesupercharger perf
22、ormance test.5.1 Laboratory EquipmentThe following standard laboratory test equipment is required for the superchargerperformance test.5.1.1 INLET SYSTEMThe inlet system begins at the point where air enters from the supply source (atmosphere)and ends at the entrance to the supercharger. The inlet sy
23、stem should be designed to provide the leastamount of restriction possible. For part throttle testing, a throttle may be added to the inlet system and itmust be noted in the data. The diameter of this pipe should meet the specifications in Table 2:TABLE 1REFERENCE ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONSStandardCondi
24、tionRecommended TestRange LimitsInlet Air Supply Pressure (absolute) 100 kPa Dry Air Pressure (absolute) 99 kPa 90 to 105 kPaInlet Air Supply Temperature 25 C 15 to 35 CSAE J1723 Issued AUG95-4-A straight pipe, 6 diameters in length, is required prior to the entrance transition of the supercharger a
25、nd shallcontain the temperature and pressure transducers as specified in 6.3. The entrance transition shall notexceed 1.5 diameters. Also, proper flow straighteners must be used with the flow meter if specified by themanufacturer.5.1.2 OUTLET SYSTEMThe outlet system begins at the outlet of the super
26、charger and ends at the exit of the air toatmosphere. An outlet system shall include piping and a valve to control the pressure ratio. The diameter ofthe outlet pipe should be the same as the inlet pipe. A straight pipe, 6 diameters in length, is requiredimmediately after the exit transition of the
27、supercharger and shall contain the temperature and pressuretransducers as specified in 6.3. The exit transition shall not exceed 1.5 diameters. The entire system shouldprovide minimal restriction when the valve is fully opened. A maximum of 20 kPa of pressure differentialbetween the outlet and the a
28、tmosphere when the restrictor is fully opened and the supercharger is at itsmaximum manufacturers suggested supercharger speed.5.2 Supercharger EquipmentThe test supercharger shall be representative of the supercharger manufacturersproduction unit unless otherwise noted. It shall also be a fully equ
29、ipped supercharger as defined in 3.2.5.3 Torque MeterThe torque meter must be installed according to the manufacturers specifications. It shouldbe placed as close to the supercharger input shaft as possible. Any losses between the torque meter and thesupercharger input shaft may be subtracted out, b
30、ut cannot exceed 5% of the total torque required to turn thesupercharger. All losses must be quantified and noted in the test data.6. Test Measurement and AccuracyThe test measurements below are required for supercharger perfor-mance determination.6.1 Instrumentation AccuracyThe following minimum te
31、st instrumentation accuracy is required:a. Torque0.5% of the measured valueb. Speed0.2% of the measured valuec. Temperature1 Cd. Air Supply, Inlet, and Exhaust Pressures0.5 kPae. Air Flow1% of the measured value6.2 Air Flow MeasurementAir flow shall be measured in the inlet system between 4 and 5 di
32、ameters prior to theentrance transition and must adhere to all the air flow manufacturers set-up procedures.6.3 Pressure and Temperature MeasurementPressure and temperature shall be measured for the purpose ofcalculating the performance of the supercharger and correcting to the standard temperature
33、and pressure.The absolute pressure shall be measured to obtain the total (stagnation) pressure at the inlet and outlet of thesupercharger. The temperature shall be measured to obtain the temperature differential across thesupercharger.TABLE 2PIPE DIAMETER SPECIFICATIONSMaximum Air Flow Tube Diameter
34、Under 10 000 L/min 7.62 cm OD10 000 to 20 000 L/min 8.89 cm OD20 000 to 30 000 L/min 10.16 cm ODOver 30 000 L/min 12.7 cm ODSAE J1723 Issued AUG95-5-6.3.1 INLET PRESSURE MEASUREMENTInlet pressure measurement shall be the average of two absolute pressuremeasurements at 1 and 2 diameters from the entr
35、ance transition of the supercharger. Pressure transducersmust be inserted perpendicular to the walls of the tube and at 90 and 270 degrees relative to the inletthermocouples.6.3.2 OUTLET PRESSURE MEASUREMENTOutlet pressure measurement shall be the average of two absolutepressure measurements at 1 an
36、d 2 diameters from the exit transition of the supercharger. Pressuretransducers must be inserted perpendicular to the walls of the tube and 45 degrees from the thermocouplesand at least 90 degrees from each other.6.3.3 INLET TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTTwo inlet temperature measurements shall be made bet
37、ween 2 and3 diameters from the entrance transition of the supercharger. The thermocouples must be insertedperpendicular to the walls of the tube and 180 degrees relative to each other. They must also be inserted atapproximately 1/3 the diameter of the tube.6.3.4 OUTLET TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTOutlet
38、temperature measurement shall be made between 2 and3 diameters after the exit transition of the supercharger; at 0, 90, 180, and 270 degrees. The thermocouplesmust be inserted perpendicular to the pipe walls with the thermocouples at 0 and 180 degrees inserted 1/3the diameter of the tube, the thermo
39、couple at 90 degrees inserted 1/2 the diameter of the tube, and thethermocouple at 270 degrees inserted 1/4 the diameter of the tube. The average of these temperatures shallrepresent the outlet temperature of the supercharger. No cooling devices or fans may be used on theexhaust system to reduce the
40、 outlet temperature prior to the outlet temperature measurement.7. Test ProcedureThis section contains the required procedures for determining supercharger performance.7.1 InstallationThe supercharger is to be mounted according to manufacturers specifications.7.1.1 LEAK CHECKINGLeakage in the test s
41、tand and instrumentation shall be limited to good laboratory practice.Leaks on the inlet side will adversely affect the performance of the supercharger. No compressed air shouldleak from the exhaust system.7.1.2 INSULATIONThe outlet system must be insulated starting at the exit of the supercharger t
42、o at least1 diameter past the outlet temperature measurement location.7.1.3 LUBRICATIONAs specified by the manufacturer.7.1.4 COOLING LIQUIDNormally, superchargers are tested without cooling or insulation (except as noted in 7.1.2).However, if any supercharger is liquid cooled in the intended applic
43、ation, testing must be performed with theappropriate coolant. In this event, the supply conditions (pressure, temperature, and flow rate) shall beagreed upon by the tester and the end user and recorded on the performance maps. This does not includeany type of intercooler.7.2 Test ConditionsAll test
44、points should be gathered during one testing period for consistency.7.2.1 OPERATING CONDITIONSOperating speeds and the number of data points per speed line vary with thesupercharger manufacturer. However, good practice dictates that point and line spacing be sufficiently closethat undue interpolatio
45、n is not necessary.7.2.2 STABILIZATION CRITERIASupercharger test speed shall not deviate more than 0.2% or 10 revs/min,whichever is greater. No data shall be taken until the temperature differential across the supercharger hasbeen maintained within 0.5 C for at least 1 min.SAE J1723 Issued AUG95-6-7
46、.2.3 ADJUSTMENTS AND RUN-INAdjustments shall be made before the test in accordance with the manufacturersinstructions. No changes or adjustments shall be made during the test. The supercharger shall be run-inaccording to the manufacturers recommendations. If no run-in recommendation is available, th
47、esupercharger shall be run according to the following schedule:a. 10 min at 1/3 maximum speed and minimum pressure ratiob. 5 min at 2/3 maximum speed and 1/2 maximum pressure ratioc. 3 min at maximum speed and maximum pressure ratiod. 5 min at 2/3 maximum speed and 1/2 maximum pressure ratioe. 5 min
48、 at 1/3 maximum speed and minimum pressure ratioThe run-in must be done prior to any performance testing of the supercharger.7.2.4 PROCEDUREThe test data may be collected in any order since temperature stabilization is required at eachdata point. One data point should be at the pressure ratio and sp
49、eed that has the greatest efficiency asspecified by the manufacturer.8. Presentation of ResultsThis section contains a listing of test data to be recorded and procedures forpresenting results.8.1 Recorded data at each point shall include at the minimum:a. Average of two inlet temperaturesb. Average of four outlet temperaturesc. Average of two inlet pressuresd. Average of two outlet pressurese. Air flowf. Supercharger speedg. Torque required to turn the superchargerh. Barometric pressurei. Ambient temperature8.2 All
