1、 _ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising ther
2、efrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2015 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this
3、publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-49
4、70 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J887_201507 SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J887 JUL2015 Issued 1964-07 Reaffirmed 2015
5、-07 Superseding J887 JUN2011 School Bus Warning Lamp RATIONALE J887 has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE five-year review policy. 1. SCOPE This document provides design guidelines, test procedure references, and performance requirements for red and yellow overhead warning devices on school bus
6、 vehicles which are used to alert traffic to stop when passengers are loading and unloading. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall appl
7、y. Federal, State, and/or local regulations supersede this Recommended Practice, and should be consulted during the development and use of products described in this Recommended Practice. SAE INTERNATIONAL J887 Reaffirmed JUL2015 Page 2 of 11 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International,
8、400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J576 Plastic Material or Materials for Use in Optical Parts Such as Lenses and Reflex Reflectors of Motor Vehicle Lighting Devices SAE J578 Color Specification
9、 SAE J759 Lighting Identification Code SAE J1889 L.E.D. Signal and Marking Lighting Devices SAE J2139 Tests for Signal and Marking Devices Used on Vehicles 2032 mm or More in Overall Width 2.2 Related Publications The following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a re
10、quired part of this SAE Technical Report. 2.2.1 SAE Publications SAE J387 Terminology SAE J1330 Laboratory Accuracy Guidelines 2.2.2 Federal Publications Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington DC 20402-9320. CFR Title 49 Part 571.
11、108 Lamps, Reflective Devices and Associated Equipment (FMVSS 108) http:/www.gpoaccess.gov/cfr/index/html 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 SCHOOL BUS RED WARNING LAMPS School bus red warning lamps are lights alternately flashing at least 1.0 Hz and not more than 4.0 Hz per lamp, mounted horizontally both front an
12、d rear, and intended to inform other users of the highway that such vehicle is stopped on the highway to load and unload passengers. 3.2 SCHOOL BUS YELLOW WARNING LAMPS School bus yellow warning lamps are lights alternately flashing at least 1.0 Hz and not more than 4.0 Hz per lamp, mounted horizont
13、ally both front and rear, and intended to inform other users of the highway that such vehicle is about to stop to load and unload passengers. 3.3 LIGHT SOURCE Any single, independently mounted, light emitting component in the lighting system. A light source may consist of a single optical element or
14、 a fixed array of any number of optical elements whose geometric positioning relative to each other is fixed by the manufacturer of the light source and not intended to be modified. To be considered a single source the elements must be adjacent, and operate simultaneously in all modes if the light s
15、ource is vehicle operator adjustable. SAE INTERNATIONAL J887 Reaffirmed JUL2015 Page 3 of 11 3.4 OPTICAL ELEMENT Any discrete light emitter such as, but not limited to, an incandescent filament, HID or individual light emitting diode (L.E.D.). 3.5 LIGHT PULSE A single, visually continuous emission o
16、f optical energy. High frequency modulation is permitted 3.6 FLASH A light pulse or a train of light pulses, where a dark interval of at least 160ms seperates the light pulse or the last pulse of the train of light pulses from the next pulse or the first pulse of the next train of light pulses. To b
17、e considered a train of light pulses, each pulse in the train must begin within 100ms after the end of the preceding light pulse. Dark interval luminous intensity shall not exceed 2% of the maximum luminous intensity of a flash. 3.7 OPTICAL POWER The integration of the luminous intensity of the flas
18、hing light source for a time of 60 s (Idt). Units are cd s/min. 4. LIGHTING IDENTIFICATION CODE Lamps conforming to this document may be identified with the code W2 in accordance with SAE J759. 5. TESTS All tests are to be made per test voltages indicated in Table 1 below: TABLE 1 - TEST VOLTAGES Sy
19、stem Voltage(1) Test Voltage Tolerance Extreme Low System Voltage Extreme High System Voltage 12 (IC) 12.8 0.1 9 16 24 (IC) 25.6 0.2 18 32 36 (E) 38.4 0.3 27 42 42 (IC)(2) 44.8 0.35 32 56 48 (E) 51.2 0.4 36 56 72 (E) 76.8 0.6 54 84 80 (E) 85.3 0.66 60 94 (1) IC - Internal Combustion E Electric (Batt
20、ery Powered) (2) New European Electrical System The Extreme High System Voltages for System Voltages of 36, 48, 72, and 80 volts are equal to the Nominal System Voltages because these are battery powered and will not be subjected to possible alternator failures causing excessively high voltages as i
21、n the 12, 24, and 42 volt internal combustion electrical systems. Adequate care must be exercised however, in order to maintain a safe test environment when handling voltages higher than 36 Volts. Tests are to be made using the wiring supplied by the device manufacturer or wire of the minimum size r
22、ecommended by the device manufacturer. For devices intended to be hard wired into the vehicle electrical system, the voltage shall be measured at 300 mm from the point at which the wiring exits the device. For portable devices equipped with an electrical connector, the voltage shall be measured at t
23、he supply side of the connector. SAE INTERNATIONAL J887 Reaffirmed JUL2015 Page 4 of 11 5.1 SAE J2139 is part of this document. The following tests are applicable with the modifications as indicated: 5.1.1 Vibration Test 5.1.2 Moisture Test 5.1.3 Dust Test The change in intensity shall be measured a
24、t HV. 5.1.4 Corrosion Test 5.1.5 Warpage The device shall be operated in the mode with the highest optical power. 5.2 Photometry Test 5.2.1 All photometric measurements shall be made with the front face of the lamp at a distance of at least 18 m from the photometer. The lamp axis shall be taken as t
25、he horizontal line through the light source parallel to what would be the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, if the lamp were mounted in its normal position on the vehicle. 5.2.2 In addition to the test procedures in SAE J2139, the photometric performance shall be determined by measuring optical powe
26、r and through direct measurement or calculation, the peak intensity of each flash. Photometry shall be performed with the light source flashing. 5.2.3 All light sources shall operate until the output is stable prior to testing as defined in SAE J1889. 5.2.4 An integrating photometer shall be used to
27、 determine the optical power projected over 60 seconds. Any measurement period not less than 20 seconds may be used. These measurements shall then be corrected to obtain the optical power in units of CdSec/min. If the flasher or power supply/flasher has more than one flash pattern, the optical power
28、 shall be measured and recorded for each pattern. 5.3 Flash Rate Test Any device incorporating an integral flasher, an external flasher, or a combined power supply and flasher supplied by the manufacturer of the device, shall be tested with this flasher. 5.3.1 If a flasher is required and no flasher
29、 is supplied by the manufacturer of the device, the device shall be tested using a flasher having a flash rate of 1.20 Hz 0.14 Hz with a 50% 2% current on time. 5.3.2 The characteristics, including peak intensity, flash rate, period, number of pulses per flash, on time (electrical), off time (electr
30、ical) & pulse separation, shall be measured and recorded. If the flasher or power supply/flasher has more than one flash pattern, the characteristics shall be measured and recorded for each pattern. 5.4 Color Test SAE J578 is a part of this report. The device shall meet color requirements in each mo
31、de and at all times. Incandescent devices may be measured while in a steady-state mode at design voltage. 5.5 Additional Tests 5.5.1 High Temperature Flash Rate Test The device shall be subjected to an ambient temperature of 50 C 3 C for a period of 6 hours. The device shall be off (not operating) d
32、uring the first hour and shall operate continuously for the next 5 hours of the test. The flash rate shall be measured starting 1 minute after the device is activated and at the conclusion of the test. If the device has multiple flash patterns then the pattern with the highest optical power shall be
33、 used. The start time shall be measured at time of activation. SAE INTERNATIONAL J887 Reaffirmed JUL2015 Page 5 of 11 5.5.2 Low Temperature Flash Rate Test The device shall be subjected to an ambient temperature of -30 C 3 C for a period of 6 hours. The device shall be off (not operating) during the
34、 first 5 hours and shall operate continuously for the last hour of the test. The flash rate shall be measured starting 1 minute after the device is activated and at the conclusion of the test. If the device has multiple flash patterns then the pattern with the lowest optical power shall be used. The
35、 start time shall be measured at time of activation. 5.5.3 Durability Flash Rate Test The device shall be operated continuously for 200 hours at an ambient temperature of 25 C 3 C in cycles consisting of 50 min on and 10 min off. The flash rate shall be measured starting 1 minute after the device is
36、 activated and at the conclusion of the test. If the device has multiple flash patterns then the pattern with the highest optical power shall be used. 5.6 Materials Test SAE J576 is a part of this report 6. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 6.1 Performance Requirements A device, when tested in accordance wit
37、h the test procedures specified in Section 5, shall meet the following requirements of J2139. 6.1.1 Vibration 6.1.2 Moisture 6.1.3 Dust On completion of the test, the test device shall be considered to have met all the requirements of the dust test when complying with either of the following require
38、ments: No dust shall be found on the interior surface of the test device, or the maximum or HV luminous intensity measured after the dust exposure test shall be at least 90% of the initial maximum or HV luminous intensity measured before the test. 6.1.4 Corrosion 6.1.5 Warpage 6.2 Photometry All dev
39、ice flash patterns shall meet the peak luminous intensity photometric requirements contained in Figure 1 for Red and Figure 2 for Yellow, and their footnotes. The summation of the peak luminous intensity measurements at the specified test points in a zone shall be at least the value shown. Additiona
40、lly, the optical power of all device flash patterns shall meet the optical power photometric requirements contained in Figure 3 for Red and Figure 4 for Yellow and the footnotes. The summation of the optical power measurements at the specified test points in a zone shall be at least the value shown.
41、 In the case of gaseous discharge devices, only compliance to the optical power requirements is required. SAE INTERNATIONAL J887 Reaffirmed JUL2015 Page 6 of 11 6.3 Flash Rate The flash rate for devices shall be at least 1.0 Hz and not more than 4.0 Hz at all times. 6.4 Color The color of light emit
42、ted shall be Yellow or Red as specified in J578 6.5 Additional Requirements 6.5.1 High Temperature Flash Rate Test There shall be no evidence of operating conditions which would result in failure to comply with Section 6 of this document. Operation of the device shall begin and continue within 5 s o
43、f the beginning of each operating cycle. The measured flash rates shall not vary by more than 20% from the ambient flash rate. 6.5.2 Low Temperature Flash Rate Test There shall be no evidence of operating conditions which would result in failure to comply with Section 6 of this document. Operation o
44、f the device shall begin and continue within 5 s of the beginning of each operating cycle. The measured flash rates shall not vary by more than 20% from the ambient flash rate. 6.5.3 Durability Flash Rate Test There shall be no evidence of operating conditions which would result in failure to comply
45、 with Section 6 of this document. The final measured flash rates shall not vary by more than 20% from the initial. 6.6 Material Requirements Plastic materials used in optical parts shall meet the requirements of SAE J576. SAE INTERNATIONAL J887 Reaffirmed JUL2015 Page 7 of 11 FIGURE 1 PHOTOMETRIC RE
46、QUIREMENTS RED Minimum Peak Luminous Intensity (cd) SAE INTERNATIONAL J887 Reaffirmed JUL2015 Page 8 of 11 FIGURE 2 PHOTOMETRIC REQUIREMENTS YELLOW Minimum Peak Luminous Intensity (cd) SAE INTERNATIONAL J887 Reaffirmed JUL2015 Page 9 of 11 FIGURE 3 PHOTOMETRIC REQUIREMENTS RED Optical Power (cd-s/mi
47、n) SAE INTERNATIONAL J887 Reaffirmed JUL2015 Page 10 of 11 FIGURE 4 PHOTOMETRIC REQUIREMENTS YELLOW Optical Power (cd-s/min) 7. GUIDELINES The mounting and use of school bus warning lamps are specified by various legal agencies. The following guidelines, if followed, will enhance performance of the
48、system and uniformity in use throughout the various jurisdictional agencies. They are not part of the test provisions, specifications, requirements, or procedures. 7.1 The yellow lamps should be automatically deactivated and the red lamps activated when the vehicle is stopped to take on or discharge
49、 school children. 7.2 There should be a visible or an audible means of giving a clear and unmistakable indication to the driver when the warning lamps are activated. 7.3 Front and rear warning lamps should be spaced as far apart laterally as practical with the yellow lamps mounted inboard of the red lamps. In no case should the spacing between the inboard lamps be less than 1000 mm, as measured
