1、 SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2012 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J2602/1_201211SURFACE VEHICLE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE J2602-1 NOV2012 Issued 2004-08
5、 Revised 2012-11 Superseding J2602-1 SEP2005 LIN Network for Vehicle Applications RATIONALE The LIN protocol is a low speed low cost communication protocol that is capable of reducing wire counts to simple devices like switches and sensors. This document defines an implementation of the LIN protocol
6、 with the focus on enabling ASIC designs commonly found in switches and sensors. FOREWORD The objective of this document is to define a level of standardization in the implementation of low speed vehicle serial data network communications using the Local Interconnect Network (LIN) protocol. The goal
7、 of this document is to define a serial data physical layer, data link layer and media design criteria to be installed in various automotive Electronic Control Units (ECU). This standard will allow ECU and tool manufacturers to satisfy the needs of multiple end users with minimum modifications to th
8、e basic design. This standard will benefit vehicle Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) by achieving lower ECU costs due to higher industry volumes of the basic design. NOTE: Understanding of this document requires a working knowledge of the LIN 2.0 Specification Package. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCO
9、PE 3 1.1 Mission/Theme 3 1.2 Overview . 3 1.3 Relationship to the LIN Specifications 4 2. REFERENCES 5 2.1 Applicable Documents 5 3. DEFINITION OF TERMS 6 3.1 GLOSSARY 6 4. ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND SYMBOLS 7 SAE J2602-1 Revised NOV2012 Page 2 of 48 5. LIN SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS . 8 5.1 LIN Specific
10、ation Package 8 5.2 J2602-1 Serial Data Link Characteristics 8 5.3 Detection of Errors by Master . 8 5.4 Frame Processing by Slave Tasks . 8 5.5 Message Transmission Time Tolerance . 9 5.6 LIN Product Identification 9 5.7 Mandatory Node Configuration Requests (reference LIN 2.0 Diag and Config Speci
11、fication) 9 5.8 Message Format . 14 5.9 Message Types . 17 5.10 Calibration/Configuration Methods . 18 6. J2602-1 API REQUIREMENTS 31 6.1 Master Node Configuration API 31 6.2 Diagnostic Transport Layer API 31 6.3 Additional API Requirements 31 7. J2602-1 BUS OPERATION 31 7.1 Normal Communication Mod
12、e and Transmission Rate 31 7.2 Sleep/Wake Mode . 31 7.3 LIN Controller Clock Tolerance . 32 7.4 Bus Electrical Parameters . 33 7.5 LIN Data Link (UART) Requirements . 34 7.6 LIN ECU Requirements 35 7.7 Network Topology . 36 7.8 ESD Immunity . 39 7.9 EMC Testing Requirements 40 7.10 Fault Tolerant Mo
13、des 40 7.11 Ground Offset Voltage 40 7.12 Operating Battery Power Voltage Range 40 7.13 Environmental Requirements 41 8. VALIDATION . 42 9. NOTES 42 9.1 Marginal Indicia . 42 APPENDIX A LIN DEVICE SUPPLIERS . 43 APPENDIX B SIGNAL ENCODING TYPES 44 APPENDIX C BIT TIMING CALCULATIONS 47 APPENDIX D RAT
14、IONALES . 48 FIGURE 1 SLAVE DETECTED CALIBRATION NOT LOADED 25 FIGURE 2 SLAVE DETECTED CALIBRATION NOT LOADED 30 FIGURE 3 WAKE-UP SIGNAL TIMING . 32 FIGURE 4 BIT SAMPLE TIMING . 34 FIGURE 5 TYPICAL LIN SLAVE BUS INTERFACE 35 FIGURE 6 TYPICAL LIN MASTER BUS INTERFACE 35 FIGURE 7 LIN RING TOPOLOGY . 3
15、7 FIGURE 8 LIN LINEAR TOPOLOGY . 37 FIGURE 9 LIN STAR TOPOLOGY . 38 FIGURE 10 LIN COMBINATION RING AND STAR TOPOLOGY . 38 FIGURE C1 RELATION BETWEEN PROPAGATION DELAY AND DUTY CYCLE 47 SAE J2602-1 Revised NOV2012 Page 3 of 48 TABLE 1 NAD TO MESSAGE ID MAPPING . 11 TABLE 2 COMMON SIGNAL ENCODING TYPE
16、 MAPPING TO LIN DEFINED DATA ENTITIES . 15 TABLE 3 ERR STATES 16 TABLE 4 MULTIPLEXED CALIBRATE/CONFIGINDEX/CALIBRATE/CONFIGDATA MAPPING TO UNIQUE INTERNAL LIN SLAVE CALIBRATE/CONFIG DATA. . 19 TABLE 5 CALIBRATE/CONFIGURING LIN SLAVES - SLAVE REQUIREMENTS. 20 TABLE 6 MULTIPLEXED PARTNUMINDEX/PARNUMDA
17、TA MAPPING TO LIN MASTER PARTNUMBER DATA 21 TABLE 7 PART NUMBER = ABCD-123456-EF EXAMPLE 21 TABLE 8 LIN SLAVE PART NUMBER REPORTING - SLAVE REQUIREMENTS . 21 TABLE 9 MASTER-SLAVE COMMUNICATION CLOCK TOLERANCE . 32 TABLE 10 MASTER-SLAVE COMMUNICATION CLOCK TOLERANCE . 33 TABLE 11 LIN BUS SIGNALS AND
18、LOADING REQUIREMENTS . 33 TABLE 12 #NODES/NETWORK RESISTANCE/MASTER NODE CAPACITANCE VS. MAX WIRE LENGTH CHART 39 TABLE 13 ESD IMMUNITY REQUIREMENTS 39 1. SCOPE This document covers the requirements for SAE implementations based on LIN 2.0. Requirements stated in this document will provide a minimum
19、 standard level of performance to which all compatible ECUs and media shall be designed. This will assure full serial data communication among all connected devices regardless of supplier. The goal of SAE J2602-1 is to improve the interoperability and interchangeability of LIN devices within a netwo
20、rk by resolving those LIN 2.0 requirements that are ambiguous, conflicting, or optional. Moreover, SAE J2602-1 provides additional requirements that are not present in LIN 2.0 (e.g., fault tolerant operation, network topology, etc.). This document is to be referenced by the particular vehicle OEM co
21、mponent technical specification that describes any given ECU in which the single wire data link controller and physical layer interface is located. Primarily, the performance of the physical layer is specified in this document. ECU environmental and other requirements, when provided in the component
22、 technical specification, shall supersede the requirements of this document. The intended audience includes, but is not limited to, ECU suppliers, LIN controller suppliers, LIN transceiver suppliers, component release engineers and vehicle system engineers. 1.1 Mission/Theme This serial data link ne
23、twork is intended for use in applications where high data rate is not required and a lower data rate can achieve cost reductions in both the physical media components and in the microprocessor and/or dedicated logic devices (ASICs) which use the network. 1.2 Overview LIN is a single wire, low cost,
24、Class A communication protocol. LIN is a master-slave protocol, and utilizes the basic functionality of most Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) or Serial Communication Interface (SCI) devices as the protocol controllers in both Master and Slave devices. To meet the target of “Lower c
25、ost than either an OEM proprietary communications link or CAN link” for low speed data transfer requirements, a single wire transmission media based on the ISO 9141 specification was chosen. The protocol is implemented around a UART/SCI capability set, because the silicon footprint is small (lower c
26、ost). Many small microprocessors are equipped with either a UART or SCI interface (lower cost), and the software interface to these devices is relatively simple to implement (lower software cost). Finally, the relatively simplistic nature of the protocol controller (UART/SCI) and the nature of state
27、based operation, enable the creation of Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) to perform as input sensor gathering and actuator output controlling devices, in the vein of Mechatronics. All message traffic on the bus is initiated by the Master device. Slave devices receive commands and re
28、spond to requests from the Master. Since the Master initiates all bus traffic, it follows that the Slaves cannot communicate unless requested by the Master. However, Slave devices can generate a bus wakeup, if their inherent functionality requires this feature. SAE J2602-1 Revised NOV2012 Page 4 of
29、48 The “LIN Consortium” developed the set of LIN specifications. The Consortium is a group of automotive OEMs, semiconductor manufacturers, and communication software and tool developers. The LIN specification set is “released” by the LIN Steering Committee, a closed subset of the members. Associate
30、 Consortium members contribute to the formation of the specifications through participation in LIN Work Groups; however, the direction of the Work Groups and the final released content of the specifications is the responsibility of the LIN Steering Committee. The LIN Specifications contain more than
31、 just a definition of the LIN protocol and physical layer. In addition, a Work Flow Process, Diagnostics and Configuration methods, definition of an Application Program Interface (API), file structures for a Node Capability File (NCF) and a LIN Description File (LDF) and semantics are identified as
32、required (mandatory in all implementations). However, since there is a great deal of flexibility in the protocol and physical layer, applicability of these specifications to J2602-1 networks will be further specified in this document. 1.3 Relationship to the LIN Specifications As described in the LI
33、N Specification Package, the LIN 2.0 protocol specification suite consists of seven documents: 1.3.1 LIN Specification Package The LIN Specification Package provides an overview of the LIN Protocol, its features, and work flow. This includes the Revision History, LIN Overview and Glossary. 1.3.2 LIN
34、 Physical Layer Specification The LIN Physical Layer Specification describes the physical layer, including bit rate, clock tolerances, etc. 1.3.3 LIN Protocol Specification The LIN Protocol Specification describes the data link layer of LIN. 1.3.4 LIN Diagnostic and Configuration Specification The L
35、IN Diagnostic and Configuration Specification describe the services that can/may be layered on top of the data link layer to provide for diagnostic messages and node configuration. 1.3.5 LIN API Specification The LIN API Specification describes the interface between the network and the application p
36、rogram, including the diagnostic module. 1.3.6 LIN Configuration Language Specification The LIN Configuration Language Specification describes the format of the LIN description file, which is used to configure the complete network and serve as a common interface between the OEM and the suppliers of
37、the different network nodes, as well as an input to development and analysis tools. 1.3.7 LIN Node Capability Language Specification The LIN Node Capability Language Specification describes a format used to describe off-the-shelf slave nodes that can be used with a system definition tool to automati
38、cally create LIN Description Files. The remainder of this document (SAE J2602-1) will directly reference these LIN specifications. SAE J2602-1 Revised NOV2012 Page 5 of 48 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified here
39、in. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J551 All Parts - Per
40、formance Levels and Methods of Measurement of Electromagnetic Compatibility for Vehicles and Devices SAE J1113 All Parts - Electromagnetic Compatibility Measurement Procedures for Vehicle Components SAE J1213-1 Glossary of Vehicle Networks for Multiplexing and Data Communications SAE J1930 Electrica
41、l/Electronic Systems Diagnostic Terms, Definitions, Abbreviations, and Acronyms - Equivalent to ISO/TR 15031-2 2.1.2 ISO Documents Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org. ISO 7498 Data processing systems, op
42、en systems interconnection standard reference mode ISO 7637 Road vehicles - Electrical interference by conduction and coupling - Parts 1 and 2 ISO 9141 Road vehicles - Diagnostic systems - Requirements for interchange of digital information 2.1.3 Supplier Publications See Appendix A for list of supp
43、lier documents/devices. 2.1.4 Other Publications LIN Specification Package version 2.0 dated September 23, 2003 available at www.lin-subbus.org. CISPR 25 Limits and Methods of Measurement of Radio Disturbance Characteristics for the Protection of Receivers Used on Board Vehicles available at webstor
44、e.iec.ch. ES-XW7T-1A278-AC Ford Component and Subsystem Electromagnetic Compatibility Worldwide Requirements and Test Procedures available at . This document shall be referred to as the Ford EMC Spec. SAE J2602-1 Revised NOV2012 Page 6 of 48 3. DEFINITION OF TERMS 3.1 GLOSSARY 3.1.1 Command Frame A
45、frame with data published by the slave task in the Master Node and subscribed to by one or more slave tasks in slave nodes. 3.1.2 Data Link Layer This provides for the reliable transfer of information across the physical layer. It includes the message structure, framing and error control. 3.1.3 Domi
46、nant Signal The driven and low voltage state of the LIN bus. If multiple devices access the bus, this state dominates the recessive or non-driven state. 3.1.4 “Dormant” State The state in which the slave task state machine is waiting for reception of the Break / Synch sequence. 3.1.5 Master Node Res
47、ponsible for initiating all message traffic. See the Glossary of the LIN Specification Package for additional information. 3.1.6 Media The physical entity that conveys the electrical (or equivalent means of communication) signal transmission among ECUs on the network. 3.1.7 Physical Layer This ISO 7
48、498 subsection consists of the media, mechanical interconnections, and transceivers that provide the interconnection between all ECU nodes. 3.1.8 Protocol The formal set of conventions or rules for the exchange of information among the ECUs. This includes the specification of the signal frame admini
49、stration, frame transfer and physical layer. 3.1.9 Publisher A Master or Slave Node that is the source of the data transmitted onto the bus within a LIN message. 3.1.10 Radiated Emissions The energy that radiates from the LIN physical layer. SAE J2602-1 Revised NOV2012 Page 7 of 48 3.1.11 Radiated Immunity The level of susceptibility of physical layer components to communication errors in the presence of high energy electromagn
