1、SURFACE VEHICLE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE J2698 NOV2014 Issued 2008-01 Reaffirmed 2014-11 Superseding J2698 JAN2008 Primary Single Phase Nominal 120 VAC Wiring Distribution Assembly DesignTruck and Bus RATIONALE J2698 has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE five-year review policy. _ SAE Technical Sta
2、ndards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole r
3、esponsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2014 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be r
4、eproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax
5、: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J2698_201411 1. SCOPE 1.1 This SAE Recommended Practice covers the design and application of primary
6、 on-board wiring distribution system harnessing for surface vehicles. This document is intended for single phase nominal 120 VAC circuits that provide power to truck sleeper cab hotel loads so that they may operate with the main propulsion engine turned off. The power supply comes from alternative s
7、ources such as land-based grid power, DC-AC inverters and auxiliary power generators. The circuits may also provide power to improve vehicle performance through charging batteries or operating cold-weather starting aids. 1.2 This document is not intended to provide guidance for electric or hybrid el
8、ectric vehicle wiring circuits. Refer to SAE J1673 for high voltage automotive wiring assembly design. 1.3 Engine block heaters are 120 VAC devices that are used on a multitude of vehicle platforms in addition to trucks with sleeper cabs. Generally, the engine block heater circuit is wired independe
9、nt of hotel loads. SAE J2698 does not apply to independently wired engine block heater circuits. Engine block heaters that are integrated with hotel loads are subject to the guidelines in this recommended practice. 1.4 It is understood that drivers may choose to operate 120 VAC devices with the truc
10、k moving or at rest. For example, a passenger may operate the microwave or watch television and need to operate an inverter. The environment that these devices are operated in can also vary with exterior ambient temperature extremes. Exposure to oil and vibration are other elements that typical hous
11、ehold 120 VAC wiring would not normally be exposed to; therefore, the construction of this power distribution is made more robust for a mobile trucking environment. Driver interaction with the 120 VAC power through use of appliances or connection of cord sets requires special attention to safety asp
12、ects dictated in regulatory standards from Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratories (NRTLs) approved labs like Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Canadian Standards Association (CSA) or from the National Electric Code (NEC) that are not common practice with typical 12 VDC vehicle wiring. This recomme
13、nded practice supports that all electrical materials, devices, components, appliances, fittings and equipment shall be Listed, Labeled or Certified to UL and CSA standards and shall be connected in an approved manner when installed. Detailed requirements are listed hereafter. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Appli
14、cable Publications The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this document shall be interpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard. 2.1.1 SAE Publi
15、cations Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J447 Prevention of Corrosion of Motor Vehicle Body and Chassis Components SAE J560 Primary and Auxiliary Seven Conduc
16、tor Electrical Connector for Truck-Trailer Jumper Cable SAE J1128 Low Voltage Primary Cable SAE J1455 Recommended Environmental Practices for Electronic Equipment Design in Heavy-Duty Vehicle Applications SAE J1654 High Voltage Primary Cable SAE J1673 High Voltage Automotive Wiring Assembly Design S
17、AE J1742 Connections for High Voltage On-Board Road Vehicle Electrical Wiring HarnessesTest Methods and General Performance Requirements SAE J1908 Electrical Grounding Practice SAE J2223-2 Connections for On-Board Road Vehicle Electrical Wiring HarnessesPart 2: Tests and General Performance Requirem
18、ents 2.1.2 Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. Publications Available from Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, Tel: 847-272-8800, . UL 20 Standard for General-Use Snap Switches UL 50 Standard for Enclosures for Electrical Equipment UL 62 Standard for Flexible C
19、ord and Fixture Wire UL 83 Standard for Thermoplastic-Insulated Wires and Cables UL 310 Standard for Electrical Quick-Connect Terminals UL 467 Electrical Grounding and Bonding of Equipment UL 489 Standard for Molded-Case Circuit Breakers and Circuit-Breaker Enclosures UL 498 Standard for Attachment
20、Plugs and Receptacles UL 514A Standard for Outlet Boxes UL 514B Standard for Fittings for Conduit and Outlet Boxes UL 514C Standard for Outlet Boxes, Flush-Device Boxes and Covers, Nonmetallic UL 817 Standard for Cord Sets and Power-Supply Cords UL 943 Standard for Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters
21、UL 1077 Supplementary Protectors for use in Electrical Equipment SAE INTERNATIONAL J2698 Reaffirmed NOV2014 Page 2 of 10_ 2.1.3 National Fire Protection Association Publication Available from the National Fire Protection Agency, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, Tel: 617-770-3000, www.nfpa
22、.org. ANSI/NFPA 70-2008 National Electrical Code (NEC) 2.1.4 Canadian Standards Association Publications Available from Canadian Standards Association, 170 Rexdale Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M9W 1R3, www.csa.ca. C22.1 Canadian Electrical CodePart 1, Electrical installations (CEC) C22.2 No.
23、0 General RequirementsCEC Part II C22.2 No. 0.4 Bonding and Grounding of Electrical Equipment C22.2 No. 5 Molded-Case Circuit Breakers, Molded-Case Switches and Circuit Breaker Enclosures C22.2 No. 18 Outlet Boxes, Conduit Boxes, Fittings and Associated Hardware C22.2 No. 21 Cord Sets and Power Supp
24、ly Cords C22.2 No. 42 General Use Receptacles, Attachment Plugs and Similar Wiring Devices C22.2 No. 49 Flexible Cords and Cables C22.2 No. 65 Wire Connectors C22.2 No. 75 Thermo-Plastic Insulated Wires and Cables C22.2 No. 94 Special Purpose Enclosures C22.2 No. 111 General-Use Snap Switches C22.2
25、No. 144 Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters C22.2 No. 152 Quick Connect Terminals C22.2 No. 235 Supplementary Protectors 2.1.5 National Electrical Manufacturers Association Available from the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1847, Rosslyn, VA 22209, Tel: 703
26、-841-3200, www.nema.org. NEMA WD6 2000 Wiring DevicesDimensional Specifications 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 Arc Fault Discharges of current from one conductor to another in varying amounts of energy that result in some form of circuit damage or hazard. SAE INTERNATIONAL J2698 Reaffirmed NOV2014 Page 3 of 10_
27、 3.2 Cord Connector A device that, by insertion into a truck inlet, establishes an electrical connection to the truck for the purpose of providing power for the on-board electric loads. 3.3 Dead Front (As applied to switches, circuit breakers, switchboards, distribution panelboards, etc). Designed,
28、constructed, and installed so that no live parts are normally exposed on the front or on the operating side of the equipment. 3.4 Distribution Panelboard A single panel or group of panel units designed for assembly in the form of a single panel, including buses, and with or without switches and/or a
29、utomatic overcurrent-protective devices for the control of light, heat, or power circuits of small individual as well as aggregate capacity; designed to be placed in a cabinet or cutout box placed in or against a wall or partition and accessible only from the front. 3.5 Enclosed Wiring All wiring in
30、 equipment enclosures or equivalent that is protected from environmental abuse other than temperature and vibration. The enclosures may be internal or external to the cab. 3.6 Exterior Wiring All wiring external to the cab interior. Includes interconnecting wires and cables. Requires protection from
31、 all exterior environmental elements. 3.7 GFCI Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter A device intended for protection of personnel that functions to de-engergize a circuit or portion thereof within an established period of time when a current to ground exceeds value established for a Class A device (4 mA
32、 to 6 mA). 3.8 Interior Wiring All wiring internal to the cab but external to component enclosures. Includes interconnecting wires and cables. Requires protection from in cab environmental elements. 3.9 Low Voltage Considered to be 60 VDC (25 VAC). 3.10 Nominal 120 VAC Standard electrical voltage as
33、 supplied by electric utilities may vary in tolerance from 100 VAC to 125 VAC but is referenced as nominal 120 VAC. 3.11 Shore Power A fixed pedestal or other fixture that provides the interface to the truck for electricity from the land based power grid. A cord set with cord connector couples to th
34、e truck flanged surface inlet to provide electric energy. 3.12 Truck Flanged Surface Inlet The device(s) on the truck into which the cord connector(s) is inserted for providing shore power electric energy. SAE INTERNATIONAL J2698 Reaffirmed NOV2014 Page 4 of 10_ 3.13 Voltage Drop The voltage drop of
35、 a circuit is in direct proportion to the resistance of the conductor and the magnitude of the current. If you increase the length of a conductor, you increase its resistanceand you thus increase its voltage drop. If you increase the current, you increase the conductor voltage drop. 4. WIRING 4.1 In
36、terior and Exterior Wiring 4.1.1 Flexible cord or cable used for interior and exterior wiring shall be of a hard-usage type or extra hard-usage suitable for outdoor use and be rated for oil compatibility per UL Std. No. 62 and CSA C22.2 No.29. 4.1.2 Flexible cord or cable shall be rated a minimum of
37、 90 C and rated for outdoor use at 40 C or lower. 4.1.3 Flexible cord or cable shall meet the fluid compatibility requirements of SAE J1128 (para. 6.7) for gasoline, diesel fuel, engine oil and engine coolant. This requirement is in addition to those listed in 4.1.1. 4.2 Enclosed wiring used in adeq
38、uately protected junction boxes, raceways or enclosed areas of the vehicle may be the same as that defined for interior wiring or UL/CSA approved appliance wiring material or fixture wire. Appliance or fixture wires shall be rated to 105 C. 4.3 All conductors shall be stranded copper or copper alloy
39、 only. 4.4 The voltage rating of the cable shall exceed the maximum operating voltage of the circuit. Cable used in this application is normally rated to either 300 V or 600 V. 300 V minimum is recommended. 4.5 Ampacities for flexible cords and cables shall conform to NEC Article 400. 4.6 Wire and c
40、able is class-coded per UL/CSA standards. Interior and exterior 120 VAC harnesses must be covered with an orange covering material per SAE J1673 para. 3.5 to identify them as high voltage. 5. TERMINAL AND CONNECTION FUNCTION (NON-SUPPLY POINT) 5.1 Terminal Selection 5.1.1 A corrosion resistant condu
41、ctive plating is recommended for the terminals. Consult terminal manufacturer for material details. 5.1.2 Terminal materials and plating shall be chosen to reduce dissimilar metals and the resulting galvanic corrosion when mated. Consult SAE J447 para. 4.3.3 for details on galvanic corrosion. 5.1.3
42、Terminal and/or connector body device (includes molded connectors) shall have cable insulation support to provide strain relief to the terminal. Support requirements are defined in UL 498 and CSA C22.2 No.42. 5.1.4 Conductors shall be crimped only or crimped and soldered to the terminals per the man
43、ufacturers recommendations and that connection shall withstand the tensile strength of terminal to wire connection and vibration tests of SAE J2223-2 para. 4.4 and 4.11. 5.2 Connector Selection 5.2.1 Connectors are to be UL Recognized or Listed and/or CSA Certified, and rated to the required voltage
44、 and current. The regulatory tests cover key electrical tests such as dielectric strength, terminal secureness, insertion/retention forces, polarity and temperature rise. SAE J2223-2 para. 4.10 and 4.11 shall be used for additional temperature/humidity and vibration for interior and exterior connect
45、ions. Water protection and corrosion testing shall be performed for exterior connections as per SAE J2223-2 para. 4.9 for sealed connector water tightness and para. 4.16 for salt spray. SAE INTERNATIONAL J2698 Reaffirmed NOV2014 Page 5 of 10_ 5.2.2 Connectors should have positive locking features wh
46、en mating. Refer to SAE J2223-2 para. 4.5. 5.2.3 Connectors shall be keyed for polarity. 6. SUPPLY CONNECTIONS 6.1 Connection to grid-based AC (line voltage) power supply (shore power). 6.1.1 The following shore power connection configurations are recommended at the flanged surface inlet. 15 amp 120
47、 VAC truck flanged surface inlet shall be NEMA 5-15P configuration 20 amp 120 VAC truck flanged surface inlet shall be NEMA 5-20P configuration (desired) NOTE: The number of truck flanged surface inlet(s) is not limited. The designer should keep in mind, though, that a minimum of two 20 amp/120 VAC
48、receptacles has been recommended by truck OEMs to the facilitators of truck stops and rest areas electrified for truck hook-ups. It is likely that the multiple power supplies may not be phase synchronized and circuits should be isolated per para. 15.2. 6.1.2 The truck flanged surface inlet should be located on the drivers side of
