1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2011 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication m
3、ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside U
4、SA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J2793_201102SURFACEVEHICLERECOMMENDEDPRACTICEJ2793 FEB2011 Issued 2011-02 Fuel Dispensing Filte
5、r Test Methods RATIONALE To provide guidelines and standard test methodology to assist industry with the development and qualification of filtration products for gasoline and diesel fuel dispensing. FOREWORD Fuel dispensing filters are the last line of defense, the final opportunity to control fuel
6、quality, before the contamination burden is transferred to the vehicle on-board fuel filtration system. Contamination is often considered to be in the form of solid particulate, but can also consist of chemical compounds, coarse or emulsified water, or in the case of ethanol blended gasoline, as a p
7、hase separated water/ethanol mixture. Particulate contamination can be managed with current technologies common to the filtration industry. As bio-fuel usage increases, the occurrence of water contamination issues escalates in a similar trend. Therefore, it is desirable to understand the contaminati
8、on involved and to develop industry standard test methods for proper evaluation of dispensing filter performance, which can facilitate protection of vehicle fuel systems. Heavy duty (HD) equipment and automotive vehicles are fueled frequently, exposing the fuel system to contaminants that are often
9、unknown and in varying quantities. Automotive on-board fuel filters are predominantly in-tank, and comparatively small in size, having limited particulate holding capacity. In-tank filters and fuel pump modules are designed to be durable long-life components and they are correspondingly costly to re
10、place, so it is progressively more important to prevent gross contamination of vehicle fuel tanks. The solid particulate removal function is the most straightforward to address from a dispensing filter design, manufacturing, and testing aspect. Vehicle on-board fuel systems have limited ability to d
11、eal with water-in-fuel. Depending on the fuel chemistry, small amounts of raw, (slug) water can be rejected by a coarse hydrophobic screen at the in-tank fuel pickup (automotive), or by a fuel water separator, (HD) diesel applications. Rejection efficiency is largely dependent on fuel flow demand es
12、tablished by the power-train management system. HD compression ignition (diesel) on-board fuel filters are more readily accessible, yet they must protect sophisticated ultra-high pressure injection systems from abrasive wear and the damaging effects of water contamination existing in fuel chemistrie
13、s that are often not conducive for water separation. Automotive on-board gasoline fuel filter elements will allow gross amounts of raw water, and/or a phase separated water/alcohol mixture, to pass through and be delivered to the engine. Gasoline engines will not operate with high water content, or
14、a phase separated fuel condition, often stranding vehicles in the vicinity of the fueling station. Heavy duty diesel on-board fuel filters are largely dependent on the fuel chemistry as to their ability to separate water from fuel. Certainly, water complicates cold weather operations and contributes
15、 to: icing issues, microbiological growth, generally corrosive conditions, fuel system deterioration and fuel quality degradation. SAE J2793 Issued FEB2011 Page 2 of 14Certain types of fuel dispensing filters are tasked to reduce the severity of “water-on-board” situations and alert the stationopera
16、tors to the impending condition in their storage tanks. This alert may be through electronic monitoring of dispensing rates or complaints of “slow-flow” from the person filling a vehicle. The water alert function of these types of dispensing filters is in addition to the particulate control function
17、. The opportunities for fuel contamination are varied and include; refining operations, pipelines, distribution terminals, truck transportation, real estate at the fueling station, and inattention to detail while setting up fuel drops into the storage tanksat the fuel station. The following test pro
18、cedure is relevant to neat gasoline, ethanol blended fuels, diesel, and biodiesel fuel blends. It is applicable to filters installed on fuel dispensing equipment and describes the tests required to evaluate them for reaction to water contaminant in modern fuels. Other SAE and ISO standards are refer
19、enced for structural integrity and filtration performance rating. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE 31.1 Purpose . 32. REFERENCES 32.1 Applicable Documents 32.1.1 SAE Publications . 32.1.2 ISO Publications 32.2 Related Publications . 42.2.1 API Publications 43. DEFINITIONS . 44. TEST CONDITIONS . 55. MULTI
20、PASS FILTRATION RATING OF FUEL DISPENSING FILTERS . 56. PRESSURE IMPULSE FATIGUE TEST . 57. HYDROSTATIC BURST PRESSURE TEST 58. COLLAPSE TEST . 59. PART 1: WATER DETECTION TEST 69.1 Test Apparatus 69.2 Test Materials 79.3 Initial Test Stand Clean-Up Procedure . 79.4 Test Conditions . 79.5 Test Proce
21、dure 89.6 Report 810. PART 2: SLOW FLOW REACTION CAPABILITY TEST 810.1 Test Apparatus 810.2 Test Materials 910.3 Initial Test Stand Clean-up Procedure 910.4 Test Conditions . 910.5 Test Procedure 1011. NOTES 1011.1 Marginal Indicia . 10SAE J2793 Issued FEB2011 Page 3 of 14APPENDIX A 11APPENDIX B 12A
22、PPENDIX C 13APPENDIX D 14FIGURE 1 TEST SYSTEM . 61. SCOPE This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to gasoline and diesel fuel filters installed on fuel dispensing equipment, mobile or stationary. It describes a set of tests used to characterize the structural integrity, filtration performance, a
23、nd reaction to water contaminant with fuel dispensing filters. 1.1 Purpose To provide a standardized method for evaluating performance characteristics on laboratory bench equipment. The laboratory data may be utilized with actual field data to establish dispensing filter performance specifications.
24、2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendal
25、e, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.SAE J905 Fuel Filter Test Method SAE HS 806 Oil Filter Test Procedure 2.1.2 ISO Publications Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel:
26、 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org.ISO 12103-1 Road Vehicles - Test Dust for Filter Evaluation Part 1: Arizona Test Dust ISO 19438 Diesel Fuel and Petrol Filters for Internal Combustion Engines - Filtration Efficiency using Particle Counting and contamination retention capacity 2.1.2.1 ASTM Publications Av
27、ailable from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org.ASTM D 975 Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils ASTM D 6751 Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels ASTM D
28、7467 Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20) SAE J2793 Issued FEB2011 Page 4 of 142.2 Related Publications The following publication is provided for information purposes only and is not a required part of this SAE Technical Report. 2.2.1 API Publications Available fro
29、m American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005-4070, Tel: 202-682-8000, www.api.orgAPI/IP Specification 1583 Specifications and Qualification Procedures for Aviation Fuel Filter Monitors with Absorbent Type Elements, 3rdEdition 2000 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 BIODIESEL A renewable f
30、uel for compression ignition engines, (diesel) which contains modified animal fats and/or vegetable oils blended into petroleum diesel and conforming with ASTM D 6751, ASTM D 7467, and ASTM D 975. 3.2 E-10 Spark ignition motor fuel usually referring to a 10% fuel ethanol (max) and 90% gasoline produ
31、ct. 3.3 GASOHOL Spark ignition motor fuel usually referring to a 10% fuel ethanol (max) and 90% gasoline product. 3.4 LSD Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel, 500 ppm, conforming to ASTM D 975. 3.5 METHYL SOYATE Biodiesel blending component, soybean base stock, conforming to ASTM D 6751. 3.6 NEAT DIESEL FUEL Com
32、mercial petroleum fuel, straight diesel, no bio-component, conforming to ASTM D 975. 3.7 NEAT GASOLINE Commercial petroleum fuel, straight gasoline, no bio-component. 3.8 PHASE SEPARATION Disassociation of a liquid containing multiple solvents into two distinct layers (phases) due to over-saturation
33、 of one or more components in the base solvent. Typically characterized by a hydrocarbon based layer over an aqueous layer. 3.9 RAPESEED METHYL ESTER Biodiesel blending component, Rapeseed base stock, (RME), conforming to ASTM D 6751. SAE J2793 Issued FEB2011 Page 5 of 143.10 SUPER ABSORBENT POLYMER
34、 (SAP) A water absorbing material having a high rate of swell volume compared to its free state and capable of retaining water under pressure. 3.11 TEST FLUID Various motor fuels. 3.12 ULSD Ultra-low Sulfur Diesel Fuel, 15 ppm, conforming to ASTM D 975. 3.13 WHITE GREASE Bio-component made entirely
35、from animal fat, (usually 100% hog fat), conforming to ASTM D 6751. 3.14 YELLOW GREASE Used fry oil, grease, animal tallow, etc., conforming to ASTM D 6751. 4. TEST CONDITIONS The measuring instruments shall be capable of measuring to the levels of accuracy required by SAE J905 for flow, pressure, t
36、emperature and volume. The test system shall comply with allowable test condition variability. NOTE: SAE J905 serves as the basis and test methodology for the Part 1: Water Detection Test and Part 2: Slow Flow Reaction Capability Test. Sections for Resistance to Flow, and Collapse Test, also apply t
37、o fuel dispensing filters. 5. MULTIPASS FILTRATION RATING OF FUEL DISPENSING FILTERS ISO 19438 is the normative reference for particle removal efficiency (fractional), and the contaminant holding capacity rating of fuel dispensing filters. CAUTION: Some fuel dispensing filters have center tubes cont
38、aining Super Absorbent Polymers (SAP), or a laminant of SAP onto the filter media. It is suggested that surrogate filters using the same filter media may present the safest scenario for the multipass test system. 6. PRESSURE IMPULSE FATIGUE TEST The mechanical test section of SAE HS 806 specifies th
39、e parameters for fatigue testing of the filter assembly via pressure cycling with a prescribed waveform. 7. HYDROSTATIC BURST PRESSURE TEST The mechanical test section of SAE HS 806 specifies the parameters for determining the ultimate strength of the filter assembly. 8. COLLAPSE TEST The collapse t
40、est section of SAE J905 specifies the parameters for determining the maximum differential pressure the filter element can withstand without bypassing, due to rupture or collapse of the center tube/element assembly. SAE J2793 Issued FEB2011 Page 6 of 149. PART 1: WATER DETECTION TEST This test determ
41、ines the ability of the filter to react to the presence of water-in-fuel and significantly slow the flow of fuelbeing dispensed to reduce the severity of water-on-board vehicles. 9.1 Test Apparatus The test system is illustrated in Figure 1. The test stand shall be composed of the following: test su
42、mp with (38 L/10 gal) capacity, drain, pump and motor capable of supplying the required test flow and differential pressure, temperature measurement device, by-pass circuit and flow control valve, test filter and mounting base, differential pressure gauge, sample port, and flow meter. NOTE: Due to t
43、he flammability of the test fluids (fuels) used, special care must be taken to insure that no ignition sources are present in the immediate area of the test stand, proper ventilation is provided for, and the test stand must be grounded/bonded at all times. For example; spark proof pumps, wrenches an
44、d air motors for pump drives are available as a method of reducing risk. 1. Test Sump 2. Drain 3. Pump spark proof pumps, wrenches and air motors for pump drives are available as a method of reducing risk. 10.1.1 Graduated cylinder, 100 mL or as specified. 10.1.2 Timing device reading in minutes and
45、 seconds. SAE J2793 Issued FEB2011 Page 9 of 1410.2 Test Materials 10.2.1 Test Fluid Ethanol blended gasoline. NOTE: Fuel must be verified for ethanol content by using the method described in Appendix A. 10.2.2 Clean-up Fluids Isopropyl or ethyl alcohol for test stand clean-up of water contaminated
46、fuels. 10.2.3 Water Contaminant De-ionized water, field water from tanks, and/or as specified in report. 10.2.4 Solid Contaminant ISO 12103-1 A3 Arizona Test Dust may be batch added to the test sump along with the initial water addition and noted in the test report with the concentration shown as mg
47、/L, (optional). 10.3 Initial Test Stand Clean-up Procedure 10.3.1 Install suitable clean-up filter. 10.3.2 Add approximately (3.8 L/1 gal) of isopropyl or ethyl alcohol to test sump and flow through all test stand circuits for a minimum of 5 min at (27 L/min / 7 gal/min) or higher flow. 10.3.3 Drain
48、 clean-up fluid from test system drain(s) and remove clean-up filter. 10.4 Test Conditions 10.4.1 Test Flow Rate Unless otherwise specified this test is to be conducted at (38 L/min / 10 gal/min). 10.4.2 Test Sump Volume Standard test sump volume is (27 L/7 gal), unless otherwise specified. 10.4.3 T
49、est Temperature Test temperature is to be reported and monitored throughout the test. Room temperature and temperatures of other extremes may also be desired. NOTE: Due to the nature of fuel dispensing systems many temperature ranges are encountered and the SAP function must work regardless. 10.4.4 Contaminant Add Rate 10.4.4.1 Water Contaminant Test sump is put into a state of phase separation (see 10.5.5). SAE J2793 Issued FEB2
