1、 SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J2851 FEB2015 Issued 2011-02 Revised 2015-02 Superseding J2851 FEB2011 Recovery Equipment for Contaminated R-134a or R-1234yf Refrigerant from Mobile Automotive Air Conditioning Systems RATIONALE This standard is required to facilitate service of contaminated mobile air-con
2、ditioning (MAC) R-134a and/or R-1234yf refrigerant systems. If the MAC system refrigerant has been contaminated such that the refrigerant in the MAC system cannot be on-site recycled and meet J2099 with equipment that meets SAE J2788, J2843 or J3030, then it should be recovered and sent for proper d
3、isposal. If a refrigerant identifier that meets J2912 or J2927 indicates that the refrigerant has been contaminated, it should be removed only with equipment that meets this standard and then disposed of by a qualified facility 1. SCOPE This standard covers equipment used to remove contaminated R-13
4、4a and/or R-1234yf refrigerant from Mobile Air Conditioning (MAC) systems. 1.1 Purpose 1.2 The purpose of this SAE Standard is to provide minimum performance and operating requirements for equipment used to recover contaminated refrigerant or to recover refrigerant at facilities which do not service
5、 MAC systems. Any contaminated refrigerant recovered with this equipment is to be returned to an EPA approved refrigerant reclamation facility that will process it appropriately as per AHRI 700 standard or dispose of it. Refrigerant recovered with this equipment cannot be recycled. Refrigerant recov
6、ery equipment is required to ensure adequate refrigerant recovery and to reduce emissions during the removal of refrigerant from mobile air conditioning systems. 1.3 Equipment shall be certified to meet all performance requirements outlined in this document and international and regional constructio
7、n and safety requirements as outlined in Section 8 of this document. _ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability fo
8、r any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Co
9、pyright 2015 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT
10、 ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J2851_201502
11、 SAE INTERNATIONAL J2851 Revised FEB2015 Page 2 of 12 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available fro
12、m SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. 2.1.1.1 System Design Guidelines SAE J639 Safety Standards for Motor Vehicle Refrigerant Vapor Compression Systems 2.1.1.2 Service Activities
13、SAE J2197 HFC-134a (R-134a) Service Hose Fittings for Automotive Air-Conditioning Service Equipment. SAE J2888 R-1234yf Service Hose, Fittings and Couplers for Mobile Refrigerant Systems Service Equipment 2.1.1.3 Technician Service Procedures SAE J2845 R-1234yf HFO-1234yf and R-744 Technician Traini
14、ng for Safe Service and Containment of Refrigerants Used in Mobile A/C Systems 2.1.1.4 Service Equipment SAE J2099 Standard of Purity for Recycled R-134a (HFC-134a) and R-1234yf (HFO-1234yf) for Use in Mobile Air-conditioning Systems SAE J2912 Performance Requirements for R-134a and R-1234yf Refrige
15、rant Diagnostic Identifiers (RDI) for Use with Mobile Air Conditioning Systems. SAE J2788 HFC-134a (R-134a) Recovery/Recycling Equipment and Recovery/Recycling/Recharging for Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems SAE J2810 HFC-134a (R-134a) Refrigerant Recovery Equipment for Mobile Automotive Air-Conditio
16、ning Systems. SAE J2843 R-1234yf HFO-1234yf Recovery/Recycling/Recharging Equipment for Flammable Refrigerants for Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems for R-134a and R-1234yf Refrigerant Diagnostic Identifiers (RDI) for Use with Mobile Air Conditioning Systems SAE J2927 R-1234yf Refrigerant Identifier I
17、nstalled in Recovery and Recycling Equipment for Use With Mobile A/C Systems SAE J3030 Automotive Refrigerant Recovery/Recycling Equipment Intended for use with Multiple Refrigerants 2.1.2 Related Publications The following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a requir
18、ed part of this SAE Technical Report. ISO 7010:201 Graphical Symbols - Safety Colours and Safety Signs - Registered Safety Signs SAE J2776 Refrigerant Purity and Container Requirements for New HFC-134a 1,1,1,2 - Tetrafluoroethane Refrigerant Used in Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems SAE INTERNATIONAL
19、J2851 Revised FEB2015 Page 3 of 12 SAE J2844 R-1234yf (HFO-1234yf) New Refrigerant Purity and Container Requirements for Use in Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems SAE J2296 Retest of Refrigerant Container SAE J2911 Procedure for Certification that Requirements for Mobile Air Conditioning System Compone
20、nts, Service Equipment, and Service Technician Training Meet SAE J Standards 2.1.3 AHRI Publication Available from Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute, 1501 Wilson Boulevard, Sixth Floor, Arlington, VA 22209. AHRI 700 Specifications for Fluorocarbon Refrigerants 2.1.4 CGA Publication Availa
21、ble from CGA, 14501 George Carter Way, Suite 103, Chantilly, VA 20151, Tel: 703-788-2700, . CGA S-1.1 Pressure Relief Device Standard Part 1 - Cylinders for Compressed Gases 2.1.5 Specification for Cylinders It is the responsibility of the equipment manufacturer and/or equipment user to be compliant
22、 with the most recent cylinder standards that apply in the region where the equipment is used for recovery. For reference, examples of cylinder specifications are shown below. NOTE: This list is not exhaustive and local/regional standards may change recovery cylinder requirements. EU Cylinders ADR S
23、tandard and TPED Standard US Cylinders DOT Standard CFR 49, Section 173.304Shippers - General Requirements for Shipments and Packaging. 2.1.6 UL Publications Available from UL, 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, Tel: 847-272-8800, . UL is currently in the process of updating UL 1963 to c
24、omprehend the use with A2L fluids. All references to UL 1963 within this document shall be to UL1963 (version 4). The following are exceptions to UL1963: 1. A hazardous location plug shall not be required. 2. A hose assembly inside the machine shall not exceed 0.91 meters (3 feet) in length. 3. The
25、hose tensile pull requirement shall be 113 kg (250 lbs) minimum. 4. The required hose permeation shall be 4.9 - kg/m2(1 lb/ft2) /yr. maximum. UL 1769 Cylinder Valves UL 1963 Refrigerant Recovery/Recycling Equipment Standard for Safety for Refrigerant Recovery/Recycling Equipment SAE INTERNATIONAL J2
26、851 Revised FEB2015 Page 4 of 12 2.1.7 Other Publications Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org. ANSI/ISA 12.12.01 Nonincendive Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I and II, Division 2 and Class III
27、 Divisions 1 and 2 Hazardous (Classified) Locations (these standards reference NFPA-70 and NFPA497) 3. SPECIFICATIONS AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION 3.1 The equipment must be able to recover (extract) contaminated refrigerant from a MAC system as per the test procedure of Section 7. 3.2 The equipment shall
28、 be suitable for use in an automotive service garage environment as defined in 6.1.1. 3.3 The equipment must be certified that it meets requirements of this document and the requirements of SAE J2911. 3.3.1 The manufacturer can state certification of compliance with this Standard only after meeting
29、the requirements in SAE J2911 “Procedure for Certification That Requirements for Mobile Air Conditioning System Components, Service Equipment and Service Technicians Training Meet SAE J Standards”. (See Appendix B for additional information.) 3.3.2 Certification of compliance to the requirements of
30、3.3 shall be made by an independent testing organization that has received approval by the EPA Administrator to certify equipment as meeting the standard requirements identified under US EPA 40 CFR Ch. I (7108 Edition) 82.38. 4. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 4.1 Construction 4.1.1 Electrical requirements for
31、contaminated refrigerant removal Equipment See Section 8 listing international and regional construction and safety requirements. 4.1.2 Ventilation of Equipment Enclosure If equipment stores refrigerant inside an enclosure or cabinet the equipment shall provide 6 air exchanges per hour ventilation t
32、o prevent buildup of concentrations of vapor in the enclosure or cabinet. At power up the fan shall be operated long enough to perform one air change prior to any other operation and shall operate continuously while the equipment is powered and shall have a means to detect loss of ventilation airflo
33、w and shall lock out operation of the unit if flow is not detected. Fan placement shall direct flow out of the cabinet so it is not pressurized. At least (2) Intake grills each of sufficient area to maintain 6 air change per hour flow shall be located on different surfaces and oriented to maximize c
34、ross flow within the cabinet. 4.2 The equipment must comply with applicable federal, state, and local requirements on equipment related to handling contaminated refrigerant material. Safety precautions or notices related to safe operation of the equipment shall be prominently displayed on the equipm
35、ent and shall also state “CAUTION - SHALL BE OPERATED BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL.“ 4.3 Under NO CIRCUMSTANCES shall any equipment be pressure tested or leak tested with air/ or air/refrigerant mixtures. Do not use compressed air (shop air) for leak detection in systems. SAE INTERNATIONAL J2851 Revised F
36、EB2015 Page 5 of 12 5. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 5.1 The equipment manufacturer shall provide operating instructions that include information required by SAE J639, necessary maintenance procedures, and source information for replacement parts and repair. 5.2 The equipment must prominently display the m
37、anufacturers name, address, a service telephone number, and any items that require maintenance or replacement that affect the proper operation of the equipment. Operation manuals must cover information for complete maintenance of the equipment to assure proper operation. 5.3 The equipment manufactur
38、er shall provide a warning in the instruction manual regarding the possibility of refrigerant contamination from hydrocarbons, and leak sealants. 6. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 6.1 Equipment Performance Requirements 6.1.1 The equipment must be capable of continuous operation in ambient temperatures of 10
39、 C (50 F) to 50 C (120 F). Continuous is defined as completing recovery operation with no more than a brief reset between servicing vehicles, and shall not include time delays for allowing a system to outgas (which shall be part of the recovery period provided by this standard). 6.1.2 The equipment
40、shall demonstrate ability to recovery a minimum of 95.0% of the refrigerant from the test vehicle in 30 min or less, without prior engine operation (for previous 8 h minimum), external heating or use of any device (such as shields, reflectors, special lights, etc.), which could heat components of th
41、e system. The recovery procedure shall be based on a test at 21 to 24 C (70 to 75 F) ambient temperature. The test system for qualifying shall be a 1.4 kg (3 lb.) capacity orifice tube/accumulator system in a 2005 to 2009 Chevrolet Suburban with front and rear A/C or the test option described in Sec
42、tion 7. NOTE: Ensure that refrigerant does not come into contact with hot surfaces during this part of process. 6.1.3 The equipment shall demonstrate ability to recover a minimum of 85% of the refrigerant from the test vehicle or system as per 6.1.2. in 30 min or less, at an ambient temperature of 1
43、0 to 13 C (50 to 55 F), subject to the same restrictions regarding engine operation and external heating. 6.2 Fittings, Flexible Hoses and Couplings 6.2.1 All flexible hoses must meet the applicable sections of SAE J2197 and/or SAE J2888 for service hoses. 6.2.2 Service hoses must have shutoff devic
44、es located at the connection points to the system being serviced to minimize emissions while connecting/disconnecting from the system being serviced. 7. RECOVERY EQUIPMENT VALIDATION TEST REQUIREMENTS 7.1 A test vehicle (2005 to 2009 Chevrolet Suburban) with rear A/C and a charge of 1.36 kg/ (3 lb)
45、of R-134a or a laboratory fixture per Section 7.6 shall be used to validate the recovery efficiency of this equipment. For test validation, the equipment is to be operated to the manufacturers instructions. 7.2 Testing shall be done at a temperature of 21 to 24 C (70 to 75 F). Test vehicle shall be
46、“overnight cold” (not run for at least 8 h). 7.3 You shall start with an empty system, using this method: (a) Recover refrigerant from system, per equipment manufacturers instructions. (b) Evacuate the system to a minimum of -710 mm Hg (-27.9 in Hg). (c) Monitor vacuum for decay, checking every 20 m
47、in. If decay exceeds 75 mm Hg (3.0 in Hg), evacuate the system again. When system holds 710 mm Hg plus 75 mm Hg, vacuum for three more hours, it is considered empty. SAE INTERNATIONAL J2851 Revised FEB2015 Page 6 of 12 7.4 Using a machine certified to SAE J2788 and with machine on a platform scale w
48、ith accuracy to within plus/minus 3g at the weight of the machine, charge the system to 1.4kg/ 3 lb of 134a. The actual charge amount per the reading on the platform scale (hoses disconnected from the system after charge and draped over the machine) shall be used as the basis for the recovery effici
49、ency of the recovery only machine being tested to this standard. 7.5 Recovery Test Procedure (using a vehicle) 1. Following a successful system charge, the system shall be run for 15 min at 2000 rpm to circulate oil and refrigerant, following which engine and system shall rest for 8 h. Then the laboratory may begin th
