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5、odel Architecture and Interfaces Recommended Practice for Ground Vehicle System and Subsystem Dynamical Simulation RATIONALE Increasingly, global vehicle engineering teams span domains of engineering and physics within organizations and include external collaborations between commercial businesses (
6、original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), and suppliers), government agencies, and research institutions. For increased efficiency, reduced costs, faster design iterations, and fewer hardware prototypes, these teams use math-based engineering methods to build and test virtual ground vehicles in simul
7、ation environments. These types of inter-organizational engineering collaborations require a common shared simulation model for an entire ground vehicle system and/or the related subsystems of which it is composed. Use of dynamical modeling and simulation for virtual engineering development and test
8、ing of the functional performance of ground vehicles by inter-organizational teams has increased and resulted in a need for standardizing the architecture and interfaces of a ground vehicle system model by partitioning it into subsystem models to enable plug-and-play of subsystem simulation models.
9、A standardized ground vehicle system model with an architectural structure partitioned into subsystem models, and with defined subsystem model interfaces enables: (1) model reuse, (2) division of modeling tasks across multifunctional teams, (3) parallel model development, verification and validation
10、, and (4) rapid and efficient integration of subsystem models for reduced development time and costs. The recommended practice for model architecture and interfaces will: (1) create a common language, (2) increase productivity of processes, (3) promote uniform testing, (4) permit common interfaces,
11、and (5) reduce costs. FOREWORD The word system is not an absolute term; it is a relative term, depending upon how it is used. Since, a system is an integration of parts assembled to perform a common functional purpose, and systems can be integrated together to form a larger system or to perform a gr
12、eater purpose; then, a system taken as a whole unit or module can be called a system or a subsystem depending upon the context in which it is used. Thus, the use of the words system model and subsystem model are context or application sensitive, relative to where the model of a system module is used
13、 in a simulation model. If a system model module describes or models everything that is being simulated; it is the top-level model and the main subject of the simulation. Then, it is called a system model or the top-level system model. And, if it is one of the many interconnected supporting system m
14、odel modules that contribute to the functionality of the entire simulation model under study; then, it is called a subsystem model. In general, an architectural description for a simulation model of a system is a description of the structural organization of the fundamental building blocks from whic
15、h it is assembled. The architecture description defines all of the fundamental subsystem building blocks, the purpose and function of the subsystems, and the connections between subsystems. Subsystem interfaces define the physical quantities and information that are passed between the subsystems. To
16、gether, the description of the model architecture and interfaces defines how to assemble and connect these subsystem blocks together in order to construct or build the overall system model. SAE INTERNATIONAL J3049 AUG2015 Page 2 of 385 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE 7 1.1 Purpose . 7 2. REFERENCES 8 2.1
17、 Applicable Documents 8 2.2 Related Publications . 8 3. DEFINITIONS . 10 3.1 Terms 10 4. GENERAL MODEL ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURE 16 4.1 Overview . 16 4.2 Introduction . 16 4.3 General Internal Architecture of a Subsystem 22 4.4 Architectural Conventions . 25 4.5 Architectural Features for Flexibility
18、27 5. HIERARCHICAL ARCHITECTURE OF A GROUND VEHICLE SYSTEM . 32 5.1 Introduction and Overview 32 5.2 Top-Level Architectural Organization and Partitioning . 32 5.3 Environment Subsystem Organization and Partitioning . 33 5.4 Driver/Passengers Subsystem Organization and Partitioning 34 5.5 Vehicle Su
19、bsystem Organization and Partitioning 35 6. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNDAMENTAL SUBSYSTEMS OF A GROUND VEHICLE SYSTEM 46 6.1 Introduction . 46 6.2 Top-Level Subsystems of a Ground Vehicle System . 48 6.3 Environment Subsystem Internal Architecture 63 6.4 Driver/Passengers Subsystem Internal Architecture
20、73 6.5 Vehicle Subsystem Internal Architecture 83 6.6 Power Subsystem Internal Subsystems . 111 6.7 Chassis Subsystem Internal Subsystems . 156 6.8 Body-Frame Subsystem Internal Subsystems 198 6.9 Trailer i Subsystem Internal Subsystems 233 6.10 Trailer i Body-Frame Subsystem Internal Subsystems . 2
21、71 7. APPLYING THE MODEL ARCHITECTURE AND INTERFACES 305 7.1 General Application . 305 7.2 Domain Specific Analysis Applications . 305 7.3 Working with Spatially Distributed Models 306 7.4 Intelligent Transportation System Simulation Studies 306 8. NOTES 308 8.1 Marginal Indicia . 308 Appendix A Def
22、inition of units for physical quantities . 309 Appendix B Definition of interface port types . 310 Appendix C Subsystem scope and content quick reference 343 Appendix D Alternate ground vehicle system configurations . 351 SAE INTERNATIONAL J3049 AUG2015 Page 3 of 385 Figure 4-1 Definition of a hiera
23、rchical family of modular models . 17 Figure 4-2 Definition of a nested hierarchical modeling organizational structure 18 Figure 4-3 Model abstraction flexibility requirements . 19 Figure 4-4 Definition of a modular modeling structure with a level-2 subsystem . 20 Figure 4-5 Hierarchical modeling st
24、ructure with lower-level subsystems. 21 Figure 4-6 General functional representation of the internal structure a subsystem . 22 Figure 4-7 Subsystem partitioned into a controller, actuators, plant, and sensors architecture or CAPS architecture 23 Figure 4-8 Controller and plant architecture or CP ar
25、chitecture, where the plant subsystem has actuators, plant and sensors functions 23 Figure 4-9 Controller and plant architecture or CP architecture, where the controller subsystem has controller, actuators, and sensors functions 24 Figure 4-10 Simple subsystem with only a controller subsystem . 24 F
26、igure 4-11 Simple subsystem with only a plant subsystem 24 Figure 4-12 General subsystem architecture and controller bus structure 29 Figure 4-13 Higher-level subsystem architecture and controller bus structure 30 Figure 4-14 General hierarchical structure of a Vehicle Information Bus. 31 Figure 5-1
27、 Ground Vehicle System hierarchical organization into top-level subsystems 33 Figure 5-2 Environment Subsystem hierarchical organization . 33 Figure 5-3 Driver/Passengers Subsystem hierarchical organization . 34 Figure 5-4 Vehicle Subsystem hierarchical organization . 35 Figure 5-5 Power Subsystem h
28、ierarchical organization . 36 Figure 5-6 Chassis Subsystem hierarchical organization 37 Figure 5-7 Body-Frame Subsystem hierarchical organization . 39 Figure 5-8 Trailer 1 Subsystem hierarchical organization 40 Figure 5-9 Trailer 1 Body-Frame Subsystem hierarchical organization . 42 Figure 5-10 Trai
29、ler i Subsystem hierarchical organization . 43 Figure 5-11 Trailer i Body-Frame Subsystem hierarchical organization 44 Figure 6-1 Ground Vehicle System hierarchical diagram of the top-level subsystems 48 Figure 6-2 Ground Vehicle System top-level connectivity diagram 49 Figure 6-3 Environment Subsys
30、tem hierarchical architecture location 50 Figure 6-4 Environment Subsystem top-level connectivity diagram 54 Figure 6-5 Driver/Passengers Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 54 Figure 6-6 Driver/Passengers Subsystem top-level connectivity diagram . 58 Figure 6-7 Vehicle Subsystem hierarch
31、ical architecture location . 58 Figure 6-8 Vehicle Subsystem top-level connectivity diagram . 62 Figure 6-9 Atmospheric Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 63 Figure 6-10 Road/Terrain Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 66 Figure 6-11 Traffic/Surroundings Subsystem hierarchical a
32、rchitecture location 69 Figure 6-12 Remote HMI Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 71 Figure 6-13 Driver Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 73 Figure 6-14 Remote Driver Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 76 Figure 6-15 Remote Driver Subsystem and Remote HMI Subsystem
33、 hierarchical architecture locations 77 Figure 6-16 Passengers Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 79 Figure 6-17 Vehicle Subsystem high-level connectivity diagram . 83 Figure 6-18 Vehicle Supervisory Control Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 84 Figure 6-19 Vehicle Supervisory
34、Subsystem high-level connectivity diagram . 89 Figure 6-20 Power Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 90 Figure 6-21 Power Subsystem high-level connectivity diagram . 95 Figure 6-22 Chassis Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 96 Figure 6-23 Chassis Subsystem high-level connectivity
35、diagram 103 Figure 6-24 Trailer 1 Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 104 Figure 6-25 Trailer 1 Subsystem high-level connectivity diagram 110 Figure 6-26 Power Subsystem internal architecture connectivity diagram 111 Figure 6-27 Power Supervisory Control Subsystem hierarchical architectur
36、e location . 112 Figure 6-28 Power Supervisory Control Subsystem connectivity diagram 116 Figure 6-29 Electrical Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 117 Figure 6-30 Electrical Subsystem connectivity diagram . 122 Figure 6-31 Thermal Management Subsystem hierarchical architecture location .
37、123 Figure 6-32 Thermal Management Subsystem connectivity diagram 126 SAE INTERNATIONAL J3049 AUG2015 Page 4 of 385 Figure 6-33 Fuel Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 127 Figure 6-34 Fuel Subsystem connectivity diagram 130 Figure 6-35 Propulsion Power Subsystem hierarchical architecture
38、 location 131 Figure 6-36 Propulsion Power Subsystem connectivity diagram . 137 Figure 6-37 Transmission Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 138 Figure 6-38 Transmission Subsystem connectivity diagram 143 Figure 6-39 Driveline Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 144 Figure 6-40 D
39、riveline Subsystem connectivity diagram . 149 Figure 6-41 Auxiliary Power Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 150 Figure 6-42 Auxiliary Power Subsystem connectivity diagram 155 Figure 6-43 Chassis Subsystem internal architecture connectivity diagram 156 Figure 6-44 Chassis Supervisory Contr
40、ol Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 157 Figure 6-45 Chassis Supervisory Control Subsystem connectivity diagram 161 Figure 6-46 Steering Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 162 Figure 6-47 Steering Subsystem connectivity diagram 166 Figure 6-48 Braking Subsystem hierarchical
41、architecture location 167 Figure 6-49 Braking Subsystem connectivity diagram . 171 Figure 6-50 Wheels/Tracks Subsystem hierarchical architecture location. 172 Figure 6-51 Wheels/Tracks Subsystem connectivity diagram . 176 Figure 6-52 Suspension Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 177 Figure
42、 6-53 Suspension Subsystem connectivity diagram 181 Figure 6-54 Body-Frame Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 182 Figure 6-55 Body-Frame Subsystem connectivity diagram . 190 Figure 6-56 Power Take-Off Accessories Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 191 Figure 6-57 Power Take-O
43、ff Accessories Subsystem connectivity diagram 197 Figure 6-58 Body-Frame Subsystem internal architecture connectivity diagram . 198 Figure 6-59 Body-Frame Supervisory Control Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 199 Figure 6-60 Body-Frame Supervisory Control Subsystem connectivity diagram .
44、203 Figure 6-61 Under Body Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 204 Figure 6-62 Under Body Subsystem connectivity diagram 211 Figure 6-63 Upper Body Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 212 Figure 6-64 Upper Body Subsystem connectivity diagram 219 Figure 6-65 Cabin Interior Subsy
45、stem hierarchical architecture location . 220 Figure 6-66 Cabin Interior Subsystem connectivity diagram 227 Figure 6-67 Cabin Climate Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 228 Figure 6-68 Cabin Climate Subsystem connectivity diagram . 232 Figure 6-69 Trailer i Subsystem internal architecture
46、connectivity diagram. 233 Figure 6-70 Trailer i Supervisory Control Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 234 Figure 6-71 Trailer i Supervisory Control Subsystem connectivity diagram . 238 Figure 6-72 Trailer i Steering Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 239 Figure 6-73 Trailer i St
47、eering Subsystem connectivity diagram . 242 Figure 6-74 Trailer i Braking Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 243 Figure 6-75 Trailer i Braking Subsystem connectivity diagram 247 Figure 6-76 Trailer i Wheels/Tracks Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 248 Figure 6-77 Trailer i W
48、heels/Tracks Subsystem connectivity diagram 251 Figure 6-78 Trailer i Suspension Subsystem hierarchical architecture location 252 Figure 6-79 Trailer i Suspension Subsystem connectivity diagram . 255 Figure 6-80 Trailer i Body-Frame Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 256 Figure 6-81 Trai
49、ler i Body-Frame Subsystem connectivity diagram 264 Figure 6-82 Trailer i Power Take-Off Accessories Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 265 Figure 6-83 Trailer i Power Take-Off Accessories Subsystem connectivity diagram 270 Figure 6-84 Trailer i Body-Frame Subsystem internal architecture connectivity diagram 271 Figure 6-85 Trailer i Body-Frame Supervisory Control Subsystem hierarchical architecture location . 272 Figure 6-86 Tr
