1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2017 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/J3108_201703 SURFACE VEHICLE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE J3108 MAR2017 Issued 2017-03 xEV Labels to As
5、sist First and Second Responders, and Others RATIONALE High voltage electrification of the vehicle industry is increasing at a rapid pace globally. This propulsion technology in the automotive sector has raised new concerns for responders interfacing with xEVs. To assist responders to safely work in
6、 and around xEVs with this technology, several good practices have been identified by the automotive and responder industries to consistently and deliberately identify key components of the high voltage system and high voltage disabling points. This recommended practice has been created to document
7、industry best practices for labeling key safety information on xEVs. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE . 3 2. REFERENCES . 3 2.1 Applicable Documents . 3 2.1.1 SAE Publications 3 2.1.2 ISO Publications . 3 2.1.3 ASME Publications . 3 2.2 Related Publications 3 2.2.1 ISO Publications . 3 2.2.2 SAE Publicati
8、ons 3 3. DEFINITIONS 4 3.1 Term . 4 4. RESPONDER LABEL CHARACTERISTICS . 4 4.1 Fire Helmet Icon . 4 4.1.1 Purpose of Fire Helmet Icon 5 4.1.2 Key Characteristics of the Fire Helmet Icon . 5 4.2 Color Codes for Labels 6 4.2.1 Recommended Label Colors for Identifying Voltage Classification . 6 4.3 Dur
9、ability, Placement, Legibility and Type Size Recommendations 6 5. RECOMMENDED VEHICLE LABELS . 6 5.1 Vehicle High Voltage System Labels . 6 5.1.1 Vehicle High Voltage System Label Purpose 6 5.1.2 Key Attributes . 7 5.1.3 Label Location 8 5.2 Disable Label: 8 5.2.1 Disable Label Purpose . 8 SAE INTER
10、NATIONAL J3108 MAR2017 Page 2 of 12 5.2.2 Key Attributes . 10 5.2.3 Label Location 11 6. ALTERNATIVE LABELING TECHNOLOGIES 11 6.1 QR Codes. 11 6.2 QR Code Label Examples 11 7. NOTES . 12 7.1 Revision Indicator . 12 FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF RED FIRE HELMET ICON . 4 FIGURE 2 EXAMPLE OF A VEHICLE HIGH VOLTA
11、GE LABEL 7 FIGURE 3 EXAMPLE OF A HV VEHICLE LABEL ON A VEHICLE 7 FIGURE 4 EXAMPLE OF A CUT LABEL 8 FIGURE 5 CUT LABEL INSTALLED IN A VEHICLE . 9 FIGURE 6 EXAMPLE OF A DISABLE LABEL 9 FIGURE 7 TYPICAL CUTTING TOOLS BY RESPONDERS 10 FIGURE 8 CUTTING TOOLS USED BY RESPONDERS . 10 FIGURE 9 QR LINK TO RE
12、SCUE SHEETS ON A FUEL FILLER DOOR 11 FIGURE 10 QR LINK TO EMERGENCY RESCUE SHEETS AS PART OF A POST-CRASH LABEL 12 SAE INTERNATIONAL J3108 MAR2017 Page 3 of 12 1. SCOPE This recommended practice prescribes clear and consistent labeling methodology for communicating important xEV high voltage safety
13、information. Examples of such information include identifying key high voltage system component locations and high voltage disabling points. These recommendations are based on current industry best practices identified by the responder community. Although this recommended practice is written for xEV
14、s with high voltage systems, these recommendations can be applied to any vehicle type. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents NOTE: Users should ensure that the latest revision and legislative updates of these documents is being referenced. The following publications form a part of this specificatio
15、n to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.
16、sae.org. SAE J2936 SAE Electrical Energy Storage Device Labeling Recommended Practice SAE J1715 Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) i.e., service disconnect, fuse, or cutting zone. It should be noted, in most mechanizations, the RESS will still have high voltage after the disable point has been activated.
17、 HIGH VOLTAGE SYSTEM: A vehicle system inclusive of the battery system and high voltage components (e.g., inverter modules, high voltage cables, etc.) powered by the battery system. RETROREFLECTIVE/RETROFLECTIVE: The reflection of light in which the reflected rays are preferentially returned in the
18、direction close to the opposite of the direction of the incident rays, with this property being maintained over wide variations of the direction of the incident rays. SECOND RESPONDERS: Include, but is not limited to, tow/recovery personnel, vehicle storage operators, repair/ service technicians, di
19、smantlers and auto salvage personnel. SRS: Supplementary Restraint System (SRS) is the passive vehicle occupant safety system in a vehicle (e.g., airbags) which supplement the use of seat belts. xEV: Any electrified propulsion vehicle with a high voltage system, including, but not limited to hybrid
20、electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, plug-in electric vehicle, battery electric vehicle, fuel cell electric vehicle, and electric vehicle. 4. RESPONDER LABEL CHARACTERISTICS This section provides recommendations for standard features to be incorporated into labels whose intended audie
21、nce are primarily first responders, however, this information is beneficial to second responders as well. These characteristics cover responder symbols, color codes, placement, and legibility. 4.1 Fire Helmet Icon A common industry practice for indicating a label is intended for a responder is to in
22、clude a red fire helmet icon on the label (see Figure 4 for an example). The fire helmet was chosen since fire fighters are typically the group involved with extrication of occupants from a vehicle post-crash. For consistency, the fire helmet should be representative for all xEV responder labels rat
23、her than targeting a symbol for police, medical and/or towing personnel, etc. An example of the fire helmet icon is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 - Example of red fire helmet icon SAE INTERNATIONAL J3108 MAR2017 Page 5 of 12 4.1.1 Purpose of Fire Helmet Icon This icon is to attract the attention of th
24、e responders and indicate that the particular label contains information beneficial to the responder and should be reviewed. No specific standard exists for this icon currently. This recommended practice attempts to document key characteristics of this icon when used by OEMs since a standard icon is
25、 not available. 4.1.2 Key Characteristics of the Fire Helmet Icon 1. The icon shall be representative of a side profile view of a fire helmet. a. Helmet front shall be on left or right side of icon. b. Long protective visor in rear of helmet opposite the helmet front. c. Short protective visor in fr
26、ont of helmet. d. Shield outlined on front of helmet icon with a border matching the background color, or white if it makes for better contrast. Reference Item 3 for background colors. e. Additionally, ASME A17.1 provides proportional guides for the helmet icon shape. 2. Helmet color shall be red. T
27、wo color code systems are referenced below. The RGB code reference is intended to align with the color codes referenced by ISO 17840 part 1, emergency rescue sheets. The PMS code referenced is intended to match the colors of existing labels found on vehicles reviewed for the creation of this documen
28、t. It is recommended that all xEV responder labels within a vehicle use the same color codes system reference throughout and not interchange the color code reference system. Either system is acceptable for these recommendations. a. RGB (206,17,38) b. PMS 186 3. Icon shall be on a background of a sha
29、rp contrasting color (such as white, black, yellow, or orange) to assure the icon stands out to the user. a. Outline of helmet shall be white if black background is used. b. Outline of helmet shall be black if any other background color is used. 4. Icon Size a. The helmet icon shall be proportional
30、in size in relation to the label which contains the helmet icon. (1) For labels with multiple sections dealing with other subjects besides responder information, the length or width of the section detailing the responder information shall be used to determine a minimum height of the fire helmet. (2)
31、 Icon characteristics should be readily distinguishable from a distance of 1 m. If the label location is farther than 1 m from the proximity of a responder, then the icon shall be distinguishable from that distance. Note if there are any physical obstructions in front of the label, the 1 m requireme
32、nt only applies once those obstructions are removed and there is a clear line of sight. 5. Retroreflectivity a. Icon should support identification in all environments (e.g., low light/night time, dirt, oil, etc.). To assist in this, it is recommended that the helmet icon be retroreflective. This may
33、 be accomplished by making the background of the icon reflective. SAE INTERNATIONAL J3108 MAR2017 Page 6 of 12 4.2 Color Codes for Labels When communicating hazards to responders, it is important to standardize the colors used on these labels to avoid confusion among responders. The use of the color
34、 orange for high voltage components has been standardized globally by the automotive industry (reference SAE J1673). Through training and standards, the responder community is well aware of the association with the color orange and high voltage systems in vehicles. Additionally, SAE J2936 provides a
35、dditional color recommendations for word panels, including orange for “Warning Labeling” and red for “Danger Labeling”. When word panels are used on responder labels, these portions of the label should follow the recommendations of SAE J2936 and the corresponding color codes. When no word panels are
36、 part of the responder label, then the hazard of the voltage system should determine the appropriate color code labels applied to high voltage components or that direct human interaction with a high voltage component should have a primarily orange background. Labels applied to low voltage components
37、 or that direct interaction with a low voltage component (even if this low voltage component controls a high voltage component) should have a yellow background. 4.2.1 Recommended Label Colors for Identifying Voltage Classification 4.2.1.1 For non-high voltage components (e.g., 60 V DC), even if it c
38、ontrols a high voltage system, these labels should use the color yellow. a. RGB 255, 255,0 b. PMS 116C 4.2.1.2 For high voltage components, use the color orange. a. RGB: 255, 165, 0 b. PMS 151C 4.3 Durability, Placement, Legibility, and Type Size Recommendations 4.3.1 The recommendations of SAE J293
39、6 should be followed. 5. RECOMMENDED VEHICLE LABELS The critical labels identified in this recommended practice provide information about the vehicle high voltage system and identifies points for responders to disable the vehicle. The purposes and key attributes of these label types are described be
40、low to ensure these label types, as installed on an xEV, are beneficial to the responder community for which they are intended to benefit. 5.1 Vehicle High Voltage System Labels 5.1.1 Vehicle High Voltage System Label Purpose The purpose of the high voltage system label is to identify the location o
41、f high voltage energy source(s) and location(s) of disabling points for the high voltage system. This label also provides safety information to responders that is easy to comprehend. Additional and similar material may be available in emergency response guides and other online reference materials. S
42、AE INTERNATIONAL J3108 MAR2017 Page 7 of 12 Figure 2 - Example of a vehicle high voltage label Figure 3 - Example of a HV vehicle label on a vehicle 5.1.2 Key Attributes 1. Label information should only target responder community and not have additional information. a. OEM specific information (part
43、 number, etc.) is allowed as necessary. 2. Minimize text where possible; use of standard symbols/icons is encouraged. 3. Color contrast should support reading in all environments (e.g., low light/night time, dirt, oil, etc.). 4. Apply red fire helmet icon to identify label is intended for emergency
44、responders. SAE INTERNATIONAL J3108 MAR2017 Page 8 of 12 5. Vehicle outline should be shown on label with location(s) of high voltage source and disabling points. a. Orientation of the vehicle outline should align with responder interface with the vehicle as mounted (e.g., the front of the vehicle o
45、utline should be the closest point to the actual front of the vehicle. The rear of the vehicle outline should be the closest point to the actual rear of the vehicle). b. Location of high voltage source should be representative, but not precise (e.g., center if in center, left rear side if on left re
46、ar side, etc.). c. High voltage source should be indicated with either a high voltage symbol or specific voltage number, but symbol is preferred (see item 2 above). When voltage number is indicated, it should be nominal voltage 20 V. (1) When the high voltage source is greater than 600 V DC, the act
47、ual voltage level shall be indicated instead of the ISO high voltage symbol. 6. If applicable, the 12 V battery should be identified in its representative position on the vehicle outline. 7. If the particular chemistry of the ESS or ESS components is reactive with water, the ISO symbol “Do not Extin
48、guish with Water” (see ISO 7010, P011, Registered 2011-05-01) shall be applied to the label or ESS component. 5.1.3 Label Location The label placement should be under the hood towards the front of the vehicle on the engine compartment (e.g., not on the hood itself). 5.1.3.1 If no engine is present a
49、t the front of a vehicle, the manufacturer shall locate the label under the hood within close proximity to the front of the vehicle. 5.1.3.2 If no hood is present in a vehicle design, the manufacturer shall locate the label at a substitute location within close proximity to the front of the vehicle (e.g., driver side B-pillar). 5.2 Disable Label 5.2.1 Disable Label Purpose The disable label is to identify key components for first respon
