1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. SARS 0120 : Part 4 Introduction . 1Yti6 PART 4 : TYPICAL SCIIEIXJLE OF QUANIITIES INTRODUCTION CONTENTS Clause Poye Numhr . SCOPE 1 DEFINITIONS 1 TAKING-
4、OFF OF OIJANTITlES . 1 . General 1 Dimensions Paper 1 Description of dimensions paper 1 Use of dimensions paper 2 Abstracting 2 Selection of Units 2 Use of Computers and Graphical Methods . 2 PKEPARIITION OF THE SCHEDULE OF QUANTlTIES . 2 General 2 Division of Work Into Items 2 Composite and Repetit
5、ive Work . 2 MAKING USE OF TYPICAL SCIIWULES 3 Selection 3 . Preamble 3 Imitate or Copy 3 TABLES . . Table 1 Dimensions Paper and Notes 4 . . Table 2 Worked Example 5 DRIIWINGS rawing 0.4.1 . Mass Concrete Retaining Wall. Type A. 30 m long . 6 Second Revision March 1986 This section of Part 4 of the
6、 code supersedes SABS 0120 : Part 4 : Section 0-1981 Approved hy the COUNCLL OE TIlE SOUTH AFRICAN BUHlSAU OF STANDARDS SAW 0120 : Part 4 ntroduction - 1!)RO SOlJTlI ATZIUCAN BUlEAU Of STANDAMIS CODE OF PRACTICE FOR USE WITH STANDARUIZED SPECIFICATIONS FOR CIVIL ENGINEEI(1NG CONSTRIJCTION AND CONTRA
7、CT DOCUMENTS PART 4 : TYPICAL SCllEDULES OF QUANTlTIES INTRODUCTION SCOPE This part of the code covers typical schedules of quantities (see 5.3) relating to the work covered by standardized specifications. This section of this part of the code covers yeneral guidance on the taking-off of quantities
8、and the preparation of a schedule of quantities and the subsequent sections contain typical schedules of quantities. NOTE a) The number (S) and title (S) of the stdndardized specification (S) covered by each successive sect ion of this part of the code are given at the beginning of the applicable se
9、ction, the sections being set out in alphabetical order, and the title of the applicable standardized specification is given in the top outer corner of each succeeding jmge of the section. b) Reference should be made to the standard system of measurement (CEQ - see Part 1 of the code) for work class
10、es and scheduled items that are not covered by a standardized specification. DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this part of the code the definitions given in Part. 1 and in the relevant standardized specifications shall apply. TAKING-OFF OF QUANTITIES GENERAL. Because the prime purpose in the producti
11、on of st-andardized specifications is to save money through lower contract prices (see preface to SMS 1200), the measurement and payment. items of these specifications have been designed to present, as closely as possible, a true reflection of the contractors costs. AS the cont-ractors costs and the
12、 total cost of the works are closely relat-ed to the quantities of the most. significant items scheduled and as the quantities, when priced by the contractor, form the most. vital part of the contract document, quantities should be taken-off as accurately as possible. With a soundly based relationsh
13、ip between actual costs and tendered prices (see Clause 5 of the Introduction to Part 5 of the code), better pricing is obtained and there is less likelihood of disputes arising from claims and from variation orders. On the other hahd, as will be observed from Subclause 5.1 of the Introduction to Pa
14、rt 3 of the code, the taking-off of quantities is only a minor portion of the engineers design process and it is necessary that the work be carried out with a minimum expenditure of man-hours. Further, because the schedule forms such an inportant part of the contract document and because the quantit
15、ies are destined to be used as the basis of payments to the contractor, it is desirable t.hat the original taking-off sheets be concise, clear, checkable and fit for reproduction for use by the field staff when they measure quantities and carry out calculations on the completed work. The procedure s
16、et out in 3.2 has been devised to meet the above requirements and is basically the same as that used by professional quantity surveyors. It is more fully described in a number oi textbooks. The procedure can be learnt very quickly and the lay-out is in a form (see Table 1) such that the “squaring“ (
17、calculation of the quantities for Columns 4 and 7 of Table 1) can be carried out by a comptometer operator, if necessary. DIMENSIONS PAPER 3.2.1 Description of Di.mensions Paper. Tab1.e 12) is a specimen of a dimensions paper which has been adapted from the st-andard dimensions paper used by quant-i
18、ty surveyors and to which headings and notes on the method of entering dimensions on the paper for the taking-off of quantities have been added t.o assist in t.he explanat.ion of the manner of use. NOTE: A dimensions paper does not normally have headings, it being assumed that everyone usilg it is f
19、amiliar with the system. Columns 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of Table 1 are the standard columns used by quantity surveyors (see BS 332T3). columns 6 and 7 have been added t.o accommodate information that can be transferred directly to the schedule of quant-ities and Columns 8 and 9 are of value for estimating
20、 purposes or when progress certificates are prepared. NOTE: A useful method of holding dimensions papers together is a lace or tape threaded through a hole punched in the top left corner of each sheet. Drawing 0-4.1) depicts the structure used for the example given in Table 2. 1) Standardized specif
21、ications for civil engineerinq construction. 2) Copied, with permission, from SAICES Guide on quantities (In course of preparation). 3) Stationery for quantity surveying. Colunm 1 of Table 1 is additional to the columns yiven in the dimensions paper covered by BS 3327. SABS 0120 : Part 4 1nt.roducti
22、on - 1986 3.2.2 Use of Dimensions Paper (See example given in Table 2) a) liead and number each page. b) Describe each entry adequately, giving sketches or quoting drawing numbers. C) Maintain a constant order of entering dimensions (see (f) below) and enter all steps taker, irl arriving at dimensio
23、ns, no mat.ter how elementary or trivial they may appear (see (i) below), to sinplify the task of independent parties checking the quantities. d) Leave ample space between items on the dimensions paper so that. it is possible to follow the dimensions with ease and to enable itcms that may hdve been
24、omitted when the dimensions were first taken off to be inserted sufwequently, wi.thout undue crampiq. e) Enter dimensions and arithmetical calculations by hand. f) Enter dimensions one under the other in Colunm 3, the length at the top, then thfi hreadth, arid then the depth, height or thickness (as
25、 relevant), as shown in the first three ent-ries on Table 1. g) Wrere items of workof the same dimensions are repeated, ent-er the multipliers in Column 2. h) Give descriptions in abbreviated form and, as and when necessary, give a reference or a sketch in Column 5, to explain t.he source of dimensi
26、ons t.hat are entered in Column 3. i) Use the waste (right-hand) side of Column 5 for preliminary calculations, build-up of lengths, etc., and explanatory notcs. j) Take off quant-ities in a logical co11struct:ion sequence. k) Use column 1 to relate the taking-off calculations to the itcms in the sc
27、hedule of quantities. 3.2.3 Abstractinq (see 3.2.2(k). When the various totals relating to portions of the work, as calculated in the dimensions papers, do not conform to the various items in the schedule, summarize the quantities in an abstract in which they are adequat-ely descrj.bed. After that e
28、nl-er them in the schedule of quanti- ties in accordance with the results of the computat.ions, any slight rounding-off of results being done on a “give-and-take“ basis, so that the quantities agree as nearly as poss.Lblc with the work shown on the drawings. In applying the “give-and-take“ process,
29、bear in mind the relative values of various parts of the work, e.g. one cubic metre of concrete is worth many times one square metre of shuttering: in other words, balance like against. like as far as possible. SELECTION OF UNITS. Select units that are appropriate to the quantity and value of the it
30、ems. Avoid the use of quantties other than multiples of unity unless this affects the value of any item by a significant amount, e.g. if several small quantities oi grout have to be meamled, the volume totalling, for example, 0,27 m3, use the cubic decimetre as the unit for that item; on the other h
31、and, there is no objection to scheduling 127 692 kg of steel as 128 t. USE OF COMPUTERS AND GRAPHICAL METHODS. Where quantities are computed electronically, ensure that the input data and print-outs contain sufficient references to enable the input data to be checked independently, or that the sheet
32、s are annotated, or that separate annotation sheets are prepared. Where graphical methods of taking off quantities are used (i.e. where the engineer has access to graphs showing the varying quantities in similar structures of varying size), check the quantities for the size selected independently by
33、 conventional methods before scheduling the quantities for contract purposes. PREPARATION OF TIE SCHEDULE OF QUANTITIES GENERAL. Group items in the schedule of quantities systematically into sections under headinqs according to the location of the individual parts of the works in the general scheme
34、or according to the character of the works tu be performed, or both. Arrange items in the respective sections in sub- sections embracing the various classes of work. Subsections may follow one another in the order given in Annexure A of Part 1 of the code or in the order in which the work wlll proba
35、bly be carried out. (See 3.2.2(j).) Schedule large items ahead of small items. Give priority in the schedule to items of major cost; for instance, where the roddwork fonns a more significant part of a contract than the pipework, it would be logical to schedule roadwork ahead of pipework. On the othe
36、r hand, if it is required for a particular project that all pipework construction be completed before roadwork starts, schedule the pipework first, followed by the roadwork. In general, quantities should be taken off in the sequence in whjch the items are to be scheduled. Ensure that the brief descr
37、iption of each itern in the schedule, when read with the spcciiication and drawings, is such that. the item can be priced reasonably by a contractor who follows procedures such as those set out in clause 5 of the Introduction to Part 5 ot the code. Ensure that the pay clause reference entered agains
38、t each item in the schedule is correct and valid for the particular project. DIVISION OF WORK INTO ITEMS. Divide the various parts of the work into it-ems in accordance with the following principles: a) Different parts of engineering work may involve the use of the same permanent materials, but. ent
39、ail widely different costs of construct-ion. Allow for the entering of different rates for work of the same nature but carried out under different conditions. b) Division into items should not be excessive. It is sufficient to differentiate between the various classes of work involved while avoiding
40、 a multiplicity of relat-ively insignificant items. C) Where the cost of an item is insignificant in relation to the contract as a whole, the recommenda- tions on division given in (a) and (b) above need not be followed closely. COMPOSITE AND REPETITIVE WORK. Provision has been made in Clause R of t
41、he standardized specifications for the comprehensive measurement of composite work of a uniform type throuyhout, such as the con- struction of a pipeline, and for repetitive work, such as the provision and construction of manholes, that may be measured by number. (See suhclauses 8.2.1 and 8.2.34 of
42、SABS 1200 L.) SAW u1:!0 : Part 4 lnt rrduction - 1986 MAKING USE OF TYPICN, SCHEDULES SELECTION. Each typical schedule is so set out that t can be used as a basis fur the production of a schedule for any particular project for which the related standardzed specification is used. Thus a selection of
43、typical schedules from those included in this part of the code will provide an overall schedule for almost any type of civil engineering construction project. PREAMBLE. Ensure that the preanhle to the sc:hcdule givrn ill Section A, AA, AD or All, as ayplicnhle, is included in any schedule issued for
44、 the yurpse of obtaining tenders. IMITATE OR COPY. Copy the typlcal sclledules that are dpplicable to the contract for which the document is being prepared. Omit items that are not wanted arid add further items as required. Hetdin the applicable major subheadings in the sequence given in each schedu
45、le. SABS 0120 : Part 4 Introduction - 1986 TAD1.E 1 - LJIMENSIONS PAPER ANL) NOTES breadth or width, as applicable depth or height or thickness, as applicable I et out in Column 3 the climensions, e.g. of the concrete foundation I block (sec example in Table 2 and Drawing 0-4.1), as follows: 30,OO I
46、 = length (NOTE: Give dimensions in Column 3 to 2 decimal places) = breadth 0,90 = depth See 3.2.2(g) If there are 10 such foundation blocks, describe in Column 5 what is being measured (see 3.2.2(h) and enrcr the multiplier in Column 2, thus: 10 Type A retaining wall foundations See 3.2.2(i) Where
47、a subsidiary calculation is made to arrive at a dimension that is not shown on the drawing but is required to calculate a quantity, set out the calculation in the waste (right-hand) side of Column 5 as nearly opposite the destination of the relevant dimension as possible. For example, set out the su
48、b- sidiary calculation of the average thickness of the concrete in the superotructur of the retaining wall (Drawing 0-4.1) thus: I 1 Wall concrete & (NOTE: Waste caliulation to 3 decimal places) I See 3.2.1) Note that thcre are no headings to tht? columns in the A worked cxample in Table 2. SARS 012
49、0 : Part 4 Introduction - 1986 TABLE 2 - WORKED EXAMPLE MASS CONCPEIE RETAINING WALL - Urawiny No. 0-4.1 EAiFIIWOKKS Excavate founds 0,900 0,600 GL-US 1,500 CONCRETE Prescribed mix 20 in found 25/40 strength Wall Piers (6 NO.) FORMWORK Rough Vert. back of wall 30.00 -6/0,750 4,500 25,500 perimeter of piers, (6 NO.) 0,750 special shape ends (2 No.) l., 200 0,300 4 / 1,500 = 0,750 3at.tered face of wall 2 4,000 + 0,900 2 = 4,100 iIlRFACE FINISHES mod float top of wall SABS 0120 : Part 4 Introduction - 1.986 CONTINUOUS POCKET OF AWES BETWEEN PIERS CONCRETE FOUNDATION P
