1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. SABS 0120 : Part 5 section DE-1984 small earth dams PART 5 : CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION SECTION DE CONTENTS Clause Page Number . START OF CONSTRUCTION 1 Gen
4、eral 1 IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE HANDING OVER OF THE SITE 1 DURING CONSTRUCTION . 1 eth hods of Construction 1 Classification of excavated material 1 Topsoil . 2 Administration 2 Provision for settlement 2 QUALITY CONTROL AND OTHER CONSIDERATIONS 2 . General 2 Notes on Disputes. Mediations. Etc 2 Classi
5、fication of materials . 2 March 1984 Approved by the COUNCIL OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN BUREAU OF STANDARDS SABS 0120 : Part 5 Section DE-1984 Small earth dams SABS l200 DE : SMALL EARTH DAMS NOTE: The clause number(s) given at the beginning or after the heading of a clause is/are, unless otherwise stated
6、, the number(s) of the relevant clause(s) of SAJ3S 1200 DE. START OF CONSTRUCTION GENERAL. For the purposes of this part of the code, contract administration starts with instructions to the contractor to commence work as set out in Subclause 4.1 of Section 0. IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE HANDING OVER OF TH
7、E SITE. The engineer should give immediate attention to all matters necessary to ensure that the start of the contract is not adversely affected by lack of information. 3. DURING CONSTRUCTION 3.1 METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION 3.1.1 Classification of Excavated Material. The definition of the term “efficien
8、tly“ given in Subclause 3.1.1 of SABS 1200 DE (“in a manner that can reasonably be expected of a contractor having regard to the production achieved“) may give rise to differences between the interpretations put on the word “reasonably“ by the engineer and the contractor. This may result in the cont
9、tactor being reluctant to accept the engineers decision and requesting mediation in terms of the conditions of contract. Under such circumstances, before mediation proceedings are initiated, the engineer and the contractor should consider carrying out in-situ tests to prove the classification of the
10、 material in a particular area, in terms of agreed procedures and criteria such as the following1): Tests to verify the classification of excavated materials. The test procedures and the criteria for verifying the classification of excavated materials carried out in terms of Subclauses 3.1.1 and 3.1
11、.2 of SABS 1200 DE shall, subject to the explanation of terms given in A below, comply with the procedures and criteria given in B below. A. Explanation of Terms A.1 Trial machine. A trial machine is any of the appropriate machines (or machine units) specified in Subclauses 3.1.2 and 4.1 of SABS 120
12、0 DE. Two trial machines may apply to the intermediate class of excavation, the one to define the lower limit and the other to define the upper limit of the class of excavation. NOTE: Soft excavation and hard excavation,i.e. the lowest and the highest classes, have only one limit each, that is, an u
13、pper and a lower limit, respectively. The trial machine for ripping shall be fitted with a standard single-tine parallelogram-type ripper and shall be of the mass and engine power specified in Subclause 3.1.2 of SABS 1200 DE, for the relevant class of excavation. A. 2 Efficient ri in . Efficient rip
14、ping occurs when the tine of the ripper rips through the material wrile the folyzwi:g conditions apply simultaneously: a3 The ripper parallelogram remains within 5 O of a horizontal position; b) the machine is operating at full power; C) traction is maintained on both tracks; d) the machine advances
15、 without stalling at a rate of between 1.5 km/h and 3,5 km/h. The limit of efficient ripping is reached when the ripping operation just fails to comply with all the requirements of (a)-(d) simultaneously. A. 3 Mechanical ripping. Mechanical ripping commences when the limit of efficient ripping has b
16、een reached and the tine of the ripper rips through material only if a) the ripper parallelogram is not within 5 O of a horizontal position, i.e. the tine can penetrate only partly, and high point loads are induced under the tine; or b) the tine has to be jerked to loosen individual rocks or fractur
17、e the rock formation sufficiently to prevent the machine from stalling; or if both (a) and (b) apply. The limit of mechanical ripping is reached when any of the following applies: C) The tine cannot gain penetration; d) the machine stalls irrespective of the effort to jerk the tine; e) the machine d
18、oes not advance either because it tends to stand on end with the tine locked in the ground or because the tracks slip on the ground (whether the ground is soft or hard) with the tine locked in the ground. B. Trial ripping procedure B.l The ripping trial shall be carried out on an area of approximate
19、ly 20 m X 6 m. Sufficient cross-sections of the area shall be taken before and during each stage of the trial to allow accurate volumes to be calculated. B. 2 The ripping trial shall commence on the surface of the trial area by the machine being advanced across the trial area and operated in the con
20、figuration and at the gear ratio and speed specified (see A2 above). At every point where the limit of efficient ripping is reached, the machine shall be stopped, the tine lifted out, and the machine moved forward, the tine being allowed to penetrate as soon as possible. This procedure shall be cont
21、inued over the full length of the trial area. l) Proposed by Dr. M.C. Vorster. Director, Graduate School of Business Management, Cape Town. SABS 0120 : Part 5 Section DE-1W4 Small earth da3as B. 3 If efficient ripping cannot be carried out continuously over the full length of the trial area, the loo
22、se and loosened material shall be removed by dozing until dozing refusal of the machine occurs. The average depth reached at dozing refusal shall be taken as the depth of efficient ripping. 0.4 If efficient ripping can be carried out continuously over the full length of the trial area, the whole are
23、a shall be ripped with the ripper parallelogram within 5 O of the horizontal position. The loose and loosened material shall then be removed by dozing until dozing refusal of tk nachine occurs. A further ripping trial shall then be conducted on the excavated surface in the trial area. If in this tri
24、al efficient ripping is not achieved over the full length, the average depkh of ripping shall be taken as the depth of efficient ripping. If in this trial efficient ripping is achieved over the full length of the trial area, the whole trial area shall be ripped and cleared and the procedure repeated
25、 until the depth of efficient ripping is reached as described above. B. 5 The direction of ripping in the trial area shall be parallel to the direction that will or may be adopted in the works. If it is expected that the geological conditions of the material will have an effect on the direction of r
26、ipping, the ripping trial shall be conducted in both directions in separate trial areas and the average of the depths thus obtained taken as the depth of efficient ripping. Topsoil (Subclauses 5.2.4.2 and 5.2.4.3) Depth of loosening of surface for grassing. Subclause 5.2.4.3 of SABS 1200 DE specifie
27、s looseniny the top surface to a maximum depth of 20 mm as it is considered that loosening the surface to a depth of 75 mm will add to the danger of surface erosion before the grass is established. Compaction. The degree of compaction of topsoil is specified in SABS 1200 DE in general terms only bec
28、ause the contractor is primarily responsible for ensuring firstly that the topsoil is not so loose that it is eroded by wind or rain before the grass cover has protected it, and secondly that the topsoil is not so well compacted that it restricts plant growth. ADMINISTRATION Provision for Settlement
29、 (Subclauses 5.2.3.1 and 5.2.3.21. The contractor is required to provide an embankment that, at the end of the maintenance period and subject to the specified tolerances, conforms to the dimensions given on the drawings. Returning to make additions after the main works have been completed may be ver
30、y costly for the contractor and is unlikely to produce a satisfactory job. Compliance with the requirements of Subclause 5.2.3.2 of SABS 1200 DE will minimize this risk for the contractor. QUALITY CONTROL AND OTHER CONSIDERATIONS GENERAL. Apply the relevant recommendations of SAES 0157) to the construction of small earth dams. NOTES ON DISPUTES, MEDIATIONS, ETC. Classification of Materials (See 3.1.1 above) 2) Quality management SystemS. sabs Pta
