1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21080-9 SANS 16063-22:2008Edition 1ISO 16063-22:2005Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Methods for the calibration of vibration and
4、shock transducers Part 22: Shock calibration by comparison to a reference transducer This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 16063-22:2005 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan
5、road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 16063-22:2008 Edition 1 ISO 16063-22:2005 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was appr
6、oved by National Committee StanSA TC 76, Acoustics, electro-acoustics and vibration, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in March 2008. Reference numberISO 16063-22:2005(E)ISO 2005INTERNATIONAL
7、 STANDARD ISO16063-22First edition2005-06-01Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers Part 22: Shock calibration by comparison to a reference transducer Mthodes pour ltalonnage des transducteurs de vibrations et de chocs Partie 22: talonnage de chocs par comparaison un transduct
8、eur de rfrence SANS 16063-22:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 16063-22:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed
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11、use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2005 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, e
12、lectronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrighti
13、so.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All rights reservedSANS 16063-22:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 16063-22:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normat
14、ive references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Uncertainty of measurement 2 5 Apparatus. 3 5.1 General considerations 3 5.2 Anvil shock calibrators (100 m/s2to 100 km/s2) . 3 5.3 Hopkinson bar shock calibrators 8 5.4 Oscilloscope 9 5.5 Waveform recorder with computer interface . 9 5.6 Computer with
15、 data-processing capability 10 5.7 Filters 10 5.8 Other requirements. 10 6 Ambient conditions. 10 7 Preferred accelerations and pulse durations.10 8 Method 11 8.1 Test procedure 11 8.2 Data acquisition 11 8.3 Signal processing . 11 9 Reporting the calibration results. 15 Annex A (normative) Expressi
16、on of uncertainty of measurement in calibration 16 Annex B (informative) Uncertainty examples Expression of uncertainty of measurement in calibration 19 Bibliography . 22 SANS 16063-22:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 1
17、6063-22:2005(E) iv ISO 2005 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each me
18、mber body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International E
19、lectrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards ad
20、opted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of pa
21、tent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16063-22 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration and shock, Subcommittee SC 3, Use and calibration of vibration and shock measuring instruments. This first edition cancels a
22、nd replaces ISO 5347-4:1993, which has been technically revised. ISO 16063 consists of the following parts, under the general title Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers: Part 1: Basic concepts Part 11: Primary vibration calibration by laser interferometry Part 12: Primary v
23、ibration calibration by the reciprocity method Part 13: Primary shock calibration using laser interferometry Part 15: Primary angular vibration calibration by laser interferometry Part 21: Vibration calibration by comparison to a reference transducer Part 22: Shock calibration by comparison to a ref
24、erence transducer SANS 16063-22:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16063-22:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 1Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers Part 22: Shock calibr
25、ation by comparison to a reference transducer 1 Scope This part of ISO 16063 specifies the instrumentation and procedures to be used for secondary shock calibration of rectilinear transducers, using a reference acceleration, velocity or force measurement for the time-dependent shock. The methods are
26、 applicable in a shock pulse duration range1)of 0,05 ms to 8,0 ms, and a dynamic range (peak value) of 100 m/s2to 100 km/s2(time-dependent). The methods allow the transducer shock sensitivity (i.e. the relationship between the peak values of the transducer output quantity and the acceleration) to be
27、 obtained. These methods are not intended for the calibration of dynamic force transducers used in modal analysis. NOTE 1 This part of ISO 16063 is aimed at users engaged in shock measurements requiring traceability as stated in ISO 9001 and ISO/IEC 17025. NOTE 2 The methods specified in this part o
28、f ISO 16063 are based on the measurement of the time history of the acceleration. These methods fundamentally deviate from another shock calibration method that is based on the principle of the change in velocity, described in ISO 16063-1. The shock sensitivity therefore differs fundamentally from t
29、he shock calibration factor obtained by the latter method, but is in compliance with the shock sensitivity stated in ISO 16063-13. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. F
30、or undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2041, Vibration and shock Vocabulary ISO 5347-22, Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock pick-ups Part 22: Accelerometer resonance testing General methods2)ISO 16063-1:1998, Metho
31、ds for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers Part 1: Basic concepts ISO 18431-2, Mechanical vibration and shock Signal processing Part 2: Time domain windows for Fourier Transform analysis 1) In exceptional cases, shorter or longer shock pulse durations are possible. 2) Under revision t
32、o become a part of ISO 16063. SANS 16063-22:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 16063-22:2005(E) 2 ISO 2005 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in I
33、SO 2041 and the following apply. 3.1 peak value maximum value of the magnitude or absolute value of the shock pulse 4 Uncertainty of measurement The limits of the uncertainty of shock sensitivity measurement are as shown in Table 1. Table 1 Uncertainty reference conditions for secondary shock calibr
34、ation Shock calibrator apparatus Acceleration peak magnitudeakm/s2Minimum pulse durationa,bms Uncertainty limit Pendulum 1,5 3 5 % Dropball 100 0,100 Pneumatically operated piston 100 0,100 5 % Hopkinson bar with velocity comparison 100c0,050c10 % Hopkinson bar with acceleration comparison 100c0,050
35、c6 % Split Hopkinson bar with force comparison 100c0,050c10 % aVariations in peak values and duration = 10 %. bPulse duration is measured at 10 % of the peak value (see Clause 7). cLarger accelerations (peak values) and shorter pulse durations are possible but without reference to primary methodolog
36、ies. The uncertainty of measurement is expressed as the expanded relative measurement uncertainty in accordance with ISO 16063-1 (briefly referred to as “uncertainty”). The specified uncertainties are based on a coverage factor k = 2 that is a coverage probability of about 95 %. The uncertainty spec
37、ifications of Table 1 can be achieved as long as the spectral energy produced by the excitation of any mode of resonance inherent in the transducer or shock machine structure during calibration is small relative to the spectral energy contained in the frequency range of calibration. The transducer r
38、esonance testing shall be performed in accordance with ISO 5347-22. NOTE For the calibration of transducers of high accuracy (e.g. reference transducers) and if great care is taken to keep all uncertainty components small enough to comply with the specifications (see uncertainty budgets in Annex A),
39、 smaller uncertainties than stated in Table 1 may be achievable. For the pendulum shock calibrator, the dropball shock calibrator and the pneumatically operated piston shock calibrator, an uncertainty of 1 % has been obtained in an interlaboratory comparison covering acceleration peak values from 20
40、0 m/s2to 2 000 m/s21. The acceleration peak magnitude may be expressed in terms of the standard acceleration due to gravity, symbol gn(1 gn = 9,806 65 m/s2; 1,5 km/s2 150 gn). The shortest shock duration applicable to a transducer according to the manufacturers specification shall be taken into acco
41、unt to avoid increasing the measurement uncertainty and damaging or destroying the transducer. SANS 16063-22:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 16063-22:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 35 Apparatus 5.1 General consid
42、erations All surfaces on which transducers (the reference or the transducer under test) are mounted shall be polished, flat and clean. The surface on which the transducer is to be mounted shall have a roughness value, expressed as the arithmetical mean deviation, Ra, of less than 1 m. The flatness s
43、hall be such that the surface is contained between two parallel planes 5 m apart, over the area corresponding to the maximum mounting surface of any transducer to be calibrated. The drilled and tapped hole for connecting the transducer shall have a perpendicularity tolerance to the surface of less t
44、han 10 m; i.e. the centreline of the hole shall be contained in a cylindrical zone of 10 m diameter and a height equal to the hole depth. Appropriate screw and bolt torque may be found in numerous references and are chosen according to the mounting surface material. The recommendations of the transd
45、ucer manufacturer shall be followed in all cases. 5.2 Anvil shock calibrators (100 m/s2to 100 km/s2) 5.2.1 General considerations This clause gives recommended specifications for the anvil shock calibrators to obtain the uncertainties of Clause 4. When back-to-back calibrations are performed with th
46、e dropball shock calibrator or the pneumatically operated piston shock calibrator, it is recommended that the transducer under test be mounted directly on top of the reference transducer as shown in Figure 1. This mounting is not recommended for pendulum shock calibrators, see 5.2.2 and Figure 3. Fo
47、r best accuracy, test transducers and mounting fixtures should not have dimensions or masses significantly greater than that of the reference transducer because the sensitivity and frequency response of the reference transducer will vary slightly depending on the amount of mass attached. For all met
48、hods, the natural period of the test transducer, equal to the inverse of the resonance frequency, shall be less than 0,2 times the half-sine pulse duration of the applied shock pulse to eliminate excessive overshoot and “ringing” due to resonance excitation. Key 1 test transducer 2 reference transdu
49、cer 3 test mass 4 anvil Figure 1 Recommended mounting of transducers, anvil and test masses SANS 16063-22:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 16063-22:2005(E) 4 ISO 2005 All rights reserved5.2.2 Pendulum shock calibrator The pendulum shock calibrator provides an assessment of the shock sensitivity and magnitude linearity for transducers and a means of calibrating large quantities of transducers. Comparison calibrations are
