1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21704-4 SANS 182-4:2008Edition 1.2 Any reference to SABS 182-4 is deemedto be a reference to this standard(Government Notice No. 1373 of 8
4、 November 2002)SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Conductors for overhead electrical transmission lines Part 4: Copper-covered steel wire for telecommunication purposes Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1
5、568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 182-4:2008 Edition 1.2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Amdt 1 2001 Amended to update the applicable standards and the definition for acceptable. Amdt 2 2008 Amended to change the designation of SABS standards to SANS standards, to delete the reference to the certi
6、fication mark scheme and to update referenced standards. Acknowledgement The SABS Standards Division wishes to acknowledge the valuable assistance derived from publications of the Department of Posts and Telecommunications. Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS
7、 TC 66, Electric cables, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in September 2008. This document supersedes SABS 182-4:2001 (edition 1.1). A vertical line in the margin shows where the text has be
8、en technically modified by amendment No. 2. Preface In this specification tests are not classified as type, sample, or routine tests. The requirements prescribed, if determined in accordance with the appropriate standard test methods on samples taken in accordance with the sampling procedure given i
9、n the specification, are a method of assessing whether a product complies with the specification or not. During production control the manufacturer may use whatever tests he deems necessary for ensuring compliance with the specification, but in a case of dispute only the appropriate standard test me
10、thods may be used. The frequency of testing required and the test to be used in the administration of the certification mark scheme are the subject of a separate agreement between the Council of the South African Bureau of Standards and the permit holder. Amdt 2 SANS 182-4:2008 Edition 1.2 1 Content
11、s Page Acknowledgement Foreword Preface 1 Scope 3 2 Definitions . 3 3 Grades and materials 4 4 General constructional requirements 4 5 Packing and marking . 5 6 Sampling and compliance with part 4 of the specification 6 7 Inspection and methods of test . 7 7.1 Inspection . 7 7.2 Place of testing . 7
12、 7.3 Diameter . 7 7.4 Resistance 7 7.5 Breaking strength . 7 7.6 Ductility when twisted . 7 7.7 Continuity of coating . 8 8 Constructional table . 9 Appendixes A Applicable standards . 10 B Notes to purchasers 10 C Resistivity and nominal percentage conductivity 11 D Calculation of theoretical avera
13、ge coating thickness 11 E Factors for the correction of electrical resistance to 20 C . 12 SANS 182-4:2008 Edition 1.2 2 This page is intentionally left blank SANS 182-4:2008 Edition 1.2 3 Conductors for overhead electrical transmission lines Part 4: Copper-covered steel wire for telecommunication p
14、urposes 1 Scope 1.1 This part of the specification applies to copper-covered steel wire in the form of single wires of 30 % and 40 % nominal conductivity1), and three grades of breaking strength, for overhead transmission lines for telecommunication purposes. NOTE a) The titles of standards referred
15、 to by number in this part of the specification are listed in appendix A. b) Requirements that must be specified by the purchaser and requirements that must be agreed upon between purchaser and manufacturer are listed in appendix B. c) Assessment of compliance with the requirements of 3.2.1 requires
16、 special agreement between between manufacturer and purchaser. Amdt 2 2 Definitions 2.1 For the purposes of this part of the specification the following definitions shall apply: acceptable acceptable to the authority administering this standard or to the parties concluding the purchase contract, as
17、relevant Amdt 1 defective a coil or drum of wire that fails in one or more respects to comply with the relevant requirements of this part of the specification diameter of wire the mean of two measurements at right angles taken at the same cross-section lot not more than 3 200 coils or drums of wire
18、of the same standard diameter, nominal percentage conductivity and grade, from one manufacturer, submitted at any one time for inspection and testing standard diameter of wire the nominal diameter of a wire on which the requirements for the resistance per unit length and the breaking strength of the
19、 wire are based 1) See appendix C. SANS 182-4:2008 Edition 1.2 4 wire steel wire of circular cross-section on which a continuous coating of copper has been electrolytically deposited and that has been produced by cold drawing 3 Grades and materials 3.1 Grades Wire shall be of 30 % or 40 % nominal co
20、nductivity, as specified by the purchaser, and shall be of grade 1, 2 or 3 as specified by the purchaser (see table A). 3.2 Materials 3.2.1 Wire The wire shall be drawn from steel rod or wire that has an electrolytically deposited copper coating. The level of impurities in the steel shall be such th
21、at they are not detrimental, in the short or in the long term, to the physical properties of the product. The copper coating shall be securely bonded to the steel. 4 General constructional requirements 4.1 Wire 4.1.1 General The wire shall, after drawing, comply with the following requirements: a) D
22、iameter. The diameter of a wire, determined in accordance with 7.3, shall be within the limits given in columns 2 and 3 of table A appropriate to the standard diameter in column 1 specified by the purchaser. b) Freedom from defects. The wires shall be smooth, uniform in quality, free from harmful sl
23、ivers, pits, seams and other defects, and any departure from circularity of the cross-section shall not exceed 2 % of the diameter of the wire. c) Physical properties. The wires shall be hard-drawn and shall comply with the following requirements: 1) Resistance. The resistance of the wire, determine
24、d in accordance with 7.4, shall not exceed the appropriate value given in column 4 or column 5 of table A. 2) Breaking strength. The breaking strength, determined in accordance with 7.5, shall have at least the appropriate of the values given in columns 9-14 of table A. 3) Ductility when twisted. Wh
25、en tested in accordance with 7.6 at the appropriate of the twisting rates given in table 1, the wire shall withstand, without sign of failure, at least 20 twists in a length of 100 times its standard diameter. When fracture of the wire occurs, the copper coating shall not separate from the core, and
26、 the fracture faces shall be at right angles to the axis of the wire. SANS 182-4:2008 Edition 1.2 5 Table 1 Rate of twisting 1 2 Standard diameter mm Maximum twisting rate turns/minute 2,03 and 2,64 0,91 60 90 4) Concentricity of copper coating. The actual minimum coating thickness expressed as a pe
27、rcentage of the theoretical average coating thickness shall be 95 % for all wire diameters. The calculated minimum permitted coating thicknesses are given in columns 6 and 7 of table A, and measurement of coating thickness for compliance with the appropriate value shall be made using a suitable micr
28、oscope at a magnification of 200. (The formulae and method for calculating the theoretical average coating thickness are given in appendix D.) 5) Continuity of coating. When tested in accordance with 7.7, the test piece shall show no discoloration when inspected visually without magnification. In ca
29、se of doubt the same test piece shall be cleaned by immersion in nitric acid (of density 1,42 g/mL at 25 C) for 10 s, and thoroughly washed and the test repeated. 4.1.2 Joints in wires There shall be no weld or joint made in the rod or wire after copper coating. 4.1.3 Length Wire shall be supplied i
30、n lengths such that the continuity and mass of the wire in a coil or on a drum comply with the relevant requirements of 5.1 and 5.2. 5 Packing and marking 5.1 Packing 5.1.1 General Wire shall be supplied in coils or on a robust wooden drum, as specified by the purchaser, and shall, unless otherwise
31、specified by the purchaser, be packed in a continuous length. 5.1.2 Coils a) Each coil of wire shall have an inside diameter of 485 - 510 mm and shall, unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, have a mass of 45 4 kg. b) Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, each coil shall be securely bou
32、nd with four bindings, each consisting of two lappings of stout string, or completely lapped with one layer of double kraft waterproof paper. The initial binding or lapping shall be followed by a layer of canvas or hessian. All lappings shall be applied with an overlap of approximately 50 %. SANS 18
33、2-4:2008 Edition 1.2 6 5.1.3 Wooden drums a) Where wooden drums are used, the moisture content of the wood used for the fabrication of the drums shall not exceed 15 %. b) When wooden drums resistant to biological attack are required by the purchaser, the wood shall have been impregnated (by pressure
34、 or in a hot/cold open tank) in accordance with SANS 10005, with a class C preservative or with chromated copper arsenate. 5.2 Marking Each coil or drum shall bear the following information legibly and indelibly marked on a firmly attached label or labels, or, in the case of a drum, on a cheek of th
35、e drum: a) the manufacturers trade name or trade mark or both; b) the standard diameter, the materials of the wire, the grade and the nominal percentage conductivity; c) when relevant, the mass of the coil, in kilograms; d) when relevant, the net and gross mass of the drum, in kilograms; e) year of
36、manufacture. 6 Sampling and compliance with part 4 of the specification NOTE This section shall apply to the sampling for inspection and testing before acceptance or rejection of single lots (consignments) in cases where no information about implementation of quality control or testing during manufa
37、cture is available to help in assessing the quality of the lot. It shall also be used as the procedure for adjudicating in cases of dispute. The cost of sampling, inspection and testing is a matter for agreement between manufacturer and purchaser. 6.1 Sampling The following sampling procedure shall
38、be applied in determining whether a lot complies with the relevant requirements of this part of the specification. The samples so drawn shall be deemed to represent the lot for the respective properties. 6.1.1 Sample for inspection From the lot take at random a sample of the size given in column 2 o
39、f table 2 relative to the appropriate lot size given in column 1. 6.1.2 Sample for testing From the outer end of the wire on each coil or drum in the sample taken in accordance with 6.1.1, cut the length required for the test pieces. SANS 182-4:2008 Edition 1.2 7 Table 2 Sample sizes for wires 1 2 3
40、 Lot size, coils, reels or drums Sample size, coils reels or drums Number of defectives 1 31 501 - - - 30 500 800 All 20 32 0 0 1 801 1201 - - 1 200 3 200 50 80 2 3 6.2 Compliance with part 4 of the specification The lot shall be deemed to comply with the relevant requirements of this part of the sp
41、ecification if, after inspection and testing of the sample taken in accordance with 6.1 the number of defectives found does not exceed the appropriate number given in column 3 of table 2. 7 Inspection and methods of test2) 7.1 Inspection Inspect the sample taken in accordance with 6.1.1 for complian
42、ce with the requirements of section 5. 7.2 Place of testing Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer at the time of ordering, all tests shall be carried out on the manufacturers premises. 7.3 Diameter Use the method for conductor wire given in SANS 6283. Amdt 1; amdt 2
43、 7.4 Resistance Use SANS 6282-1 for determining the resistance of a wire. Amdt 1; amdt 2 7.5 Breaking strength Use SANS 6282-3 and SANS 6283 and correct the results to standard diameter. Amdt 1; amdt 2 7.6 Ductility when twisted Use SANS 6282-3, continuing the test in each case until fracture of the
44、 wire occurs. Amdt 1; amdt 2 2) The test methods in this section are the methods to be used to determine whether a product complies with this part of the specification or not and apply to samples taken in accordance with section 6. The manufacturer is at liberty to use whatever tests he chooses to a
45、pply as quality control in his factory. SANS 182-4:2008 Edition 1.2 8 7.7 Continuity of coating 7.7.1 Procedure (Ferroxyl test) Wind a test piece of adequate length eight times round a mandrel of its own diameter. Then immerse the test piece in a 1:1 solution of hydrochloric acid (of density 1,19 g/
46、mL at 25 C) for 3 min. After rinsing it in water, immerse the test piece for 2 min in a solution containing 10 g of potassium ferricyanide dissolved in 1 000 mL of distilled water to which 11 mL of sulphuric acid (of density 1,84 g/mL at 25 C) has been added. Ensure that the temperature of the solut
47、ion is between 20 C and 25 C. Check for compliance with the requirements of 4.1.1(c)(5). 8 Constructional table Table A Properties of copper-covered steel wire for telecommunication purposes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Minimum breaking strength kN Maximum resistance per km at 20 C * Minimum coa
48、ting thickness mm+Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Wire diameters mm Conductivity %Conductivity %Standard Min. Max. 30 40 30 40 Nominal mass per km kg30 40 30 40 30 40 0,91 2,03 2,64 0,897 2,010 2,614 0,923 0,020 2,666 89,29 18,08 10,69 66,98 13,56 8,022 0,05 0,12 0,15 0,08 0,18 0,24 5,350 26,43 44,65 0,697
49、3,600 5,709 0,638 3,424 5,239 0,765 4,002 6,612 0,706 3,718 5,896 0,922 0,834 * Based on standard diameter and the resistivity appropriate to the relevant nominal percentage conductivity of the wire. +These values are 95 % of the theoretical average coating thickness values, rounded to two decimal places (see 4.1.1(c)(4). Based on standard diameter. For information only. Based on the standard value for resistivity given in IEC 60028 (see appendix C). Amdt 19 SANS 182-4:2008Edition 1.2 SANS 182-4:2008 Edition 1.2 10 Appen
