1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-23730-1 SANS 19757-3:2010Edition 1 ISO/IEC 19757-3:2006Edition 1 SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Information technology Document Schema De
4、finition Languages (DSDL) Part 3: Rule-based validation Schematron This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO/IEC 19757-3:2006, and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization and the International Electrotechnical Commission. Published by
5、SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 19757-3:2010 Edition 1 ISO/IEC 19757-3:2006 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approve
6、d by National Committee SABS SC 71L, Information technology Document description and processing languages, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in March 2010. Reference numberISO/IEC 19757-
7、3:2006(E)ISO/IEC 2006INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC19757-3First edition2006-06-01Information technology Document Schema Definition Languages (DSDL) Part 3: Rule-based validation Schematron Technologies de linformation Langages de dfinition de schma de documents (DSDL) Partie 3: Validation de rgles o
8、rientes Schematron SANS 19757-3:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO/IEC 19757-3:2006(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or v
9、iewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability
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11、e for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO/IEC 2006 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by an
12、y means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail
13、copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2006 All rights reservedSANS 19757-3:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO/IEC 19757-3:2006(E) ISO/IEC 2006 All rights reserved iiiContents Foreword vIntro
14、duction vi1 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions 14 Notation. 34.1 XPath. 34.2 Predicate Logic 35 Syntax. 45.1 Well-formedness 45.2 Namespace. 45.3 Whitespace. 45.4 Core Elements 45.4.1 active element 45.4.2 assert element 45.4.3 extends element. 55.4.4 include element. 55.4.5 let
15、element 55.4.6 name element 55.4.7 ns element 55.4.8 param element 65.4.9 pattern element. 65.4.10 phase element 85.4.11 report element 85.4.12 rule element 85.4.13 schema element 85.4.14 value-of element. 95.5 Ancillary Elements and Attributes 95.5.1 diagnostic element. 95.5.2 diagnostics element.
16、95.5.3 dir element 95.5.4 emph element 95.5.5 flag attribute. 95.5.6 fpi attribute. 105.5.7 icon attribute. 105.5.8 p element 105.5.9 role attribute. 105.5.10 see attribute. 105.5.11 span element 105.5.12 subject attribute. 105.5.13 title element 106 Semantics. 116.1 Validation Function 116.2 Minima
17、l Syntax. 116.3 Schema Semantics 126.4 Query Language Binding 126.5 Order and side-effects. 137 Conformance 147.1 Simple Conformance. 147.2 Full Conformance. 14SANS 19757-3:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO/IEC 19757-3:2
18、006(E) iv Annex A (normative) RELAX NG schema for Schematron. 15Annex B (normative) Schematron Schema for Additional Constraints 19Annex C (normative) Default Query Language Binding. 21Annex D (informative) Schematron Validation Report Language 22D.1 Description. 22D.2 RELAX NG Compact Syntax Schema
19、. 22D.3 Schematron Schema 23Annex E (informative) Design Requirements. 27Annex F (normative) Use of Schematron as a Vocabulary 28Annex G (informative) Use of Schematron for Multi-Lingual Schemas. 29Bibliography 30 ISO/IEC 2006 All rights reservedSANS 19757-3:2010This s tandard may only be used and p
20、rinted by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS . ISO/IEC 2006 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies
21、 that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other int
22、ernational organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules give
23、n in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval b
24、y at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 19757-3 was prepared by Joint
25、Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 34, Document description and processing languages. ISO/IEC 19757 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Document Schema Definition Languages (DSDL): Part 1: Overview Part 2: Regular-gr
26、ammar-based validation RELAX NG Part 3: Rule-based validation Schematron Part 4: Namespace-based Validation Dispatching Language NVDL The following parts are under preparation: Part 5: Datatypes Part 6: Path-based integrity constraints Part 7: Character repertoire description language CRDL Part 8: D
27、ocument schema renaming language DSRL Part 9: Datatype- and namespace-aware DTDs Part 10: Validation management ISO/IEC 19757-3:2006(E) SANS 19757-3:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO/IEC 19757-3:2006(E) vi Introduction I
28、SO/IEC 19757 defines a set of Document Schema Definition Languages (DSDL) that can be used to specify one ormore validation processes performed against Extensible Markup Language (XML) or Standard Generalized MarkupLanguage (SGML) documents. (XML is an application profile SGML, ISO 8879:1986.)A docu
29、ment model is an expression of the constraints to be placed on the structure and content of documents to bevalidated with the model. A number of technologies have been developed through various formal and informal consortiasince the development of Document Type Definitions (DTD) as part of ISO 8879,
30、 notably by the World Wide WebConsortium (W3C) and the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS). A numberof validation technologies are standardized in DSDL to complement those already available as standards or fromindustry.To validate that a structured document c
31、onforms to specified constraints in structure and content relieves the potentiallymany applications acting on the document from having to duplicate the task of confirming that such requirementshave been met. Historically, such tasks and expressions have been developed and utilized in isolation, with
32、outconsideration of how the features and functionality available in other technologies might enhance validation objectives.The main objective of ISO/IEC 19757 is to bring together different validation-related tasks and expressions to form asingle extensible framework that allows technologies to work
33、 in series or in parallel to produce a single or a set ofvalidation results. The extensibility of DSDL accommodates validation technologies not yet designed or specified.In the past, different design and use criteria have led users to choose different validation technologies for differentportions of
34、 their information. Bringing together information within a single XML document sometimes prevents existingdocument models from being used to validate sections of data. By providing an integrated suite of constraint descriptionlanguages that can be applied to different subsets of a single XML documen
35、t, ISO/IEC 19757 allows different validationtechnologies to be integrated under a well-defined validation policy.The structure of this part of ISO/IEC 19757 is as follows. Clause 5 describes the syntax of an ISO Schematron schema.Clause 6 describes the semantics of a correct ISO Schematron schema; t
36、he semantics specify when a document isvalid with respect to an ISO Schematron schema. Clause 7 describes conformance requirements for implementationsof ISO Schematron validators. Annex A is a normative annex providing the ISO/IEC 19757-2 (RELAX NG) schemafor ISO Schematron. Annex B is a normative a
37、nnex providing the ISO Schematron schema for constraints in ISOSchematron that cannot be expressed by the schema of Annex A. Annex C is a normative annex providing the defaultquery language binding to XSLT. Annex D is an informative annex providing a ISO/IEC 19757-2 (RELAX NGcompact syntax) schema a
38、nd corresponding ISO Schematron schema for a simple XML language SchematronValidation Report Language. Annex E is an informative annex providing motivating design requirements for ISOSchematron. Annex F is a normative annex allowing certain Schematron elements to be used in externalvocabularies. Ann
39、ex G is an informative annex with a simple example of a multi-lingual schema.Considered as a document type, a Schematron schema contains natural-language assertions concerning a set ofdocuments, marked up with various elements and attributes for testing these natural-language assertions, and forsimp
40、lifying and grouping assertions.Considered theoretically, a Schematron schema reduces to a non-chaining rule system whose terms are Booleanfunctions invoking an external query language on the instance and other visible XML documents, with syntacticfeatures to reduce specification size and to allow e
41、fficient implementation.Considered analytically, Schematron has two characteristic high-level abstractions: the pattern and the phase. Theseallow the representation of non-regular, non-sequential constraints that ISO/IEC 19757-2 cannot specify, and various dynamic or contingent constraints. ISO/IEC
42、2006 All rights reservedThis part of ISO/IEC 19757 is based on the Schematron1assertion language. The let element is based on XCSL2.Other features arise from the half-dozen early Open Source implementations of Schematron in diverse programminglanguages and from discussions in electronic forums by Sc
43、hematron users and implementers.SANS 19757-3:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 19757-3:2006(E) ISO/IEC 2006 All rights reserved 1Information technology Document Schema Definition Languages (DSD
44、L) Part 3: Rule-based validation Schematron 1 ScopeThis part of ISO/IEC 19757 specifies Schematron, a schema language for XML. This part of ISO/IEC 19757 establishesrequirements for Schematron schemas and specifies when an XML document matches the patterns specified by aSchematron schema.2 Normative
45、 referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including anyamendments) applies.NOTE Each of the following documents has
46、a unique identifier that is used to cite the document in the text. The unique identifier consists of the part of the reference up to the first comma.W3C XML 1.0, Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Third Edition), W3C Recommendation, 04 February 2004XPath, XML Path Language (XPath) Version 1.0, W3
47、C Recommendation, 16 November 1999XSLT, XSL Transformations (XSLT) Version 1.0, W3C Recommendation, 16 November 19993 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1 abstract patternpattern in a rule that has been parameterized to enable reuse3.2
48、 abstract rulecollection of assertions which can be included in other rules but which does not fire itself3.3 active patternpattern belonging to the active phase3.4 active phaseone particular phase, whose patterns are used for validation3.5 assertionnatural-language assertion with corresponding asse
49、rtion test and ancillary attributes: assertions are marked upwith assert and report elementsSANS 19757-3:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .3.6 assertion testassertion modelled or implemented by a Boolean query; an assertion test “succeeds“ or “fails“3.7 correct schemaschema that satisfies all the requirements of this part of ISO/IEC 197573.8 diagnosticnamed natural language statements providing information to end-users of
