1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22217-8 SANS 2709:2008 Edition 1 ISO 2709:2008 Edition 4SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Information and documentation Format for informati
4、on exchange This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 2709:2008 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: 012 428 7911 Fax: 012 34
5、4 1568 International code +27 12 www.sabs.co.za SABS This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.SANS 2709:2008 Edition 1 ISO 2709:2008 Edition 4 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was appro
6、ved by National Committee SABS TC 46, Information and documentation, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in December 2008. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscripti
7、on and freemailing clients of the SABS. Reference number ISO 2709:2008(E) ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2709 Fourth edition 2008-07-01 Information and documentation Format for information exchange Information et documentation Format pour lchange dinformation SANS 2709:2008This standard may only
8、 be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 2709:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedd
9、ed are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. D
10、etails of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a proble
11、m relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, includi
12、ng photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published
13、 in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedSANS 2709:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 2709:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide fede
14、ration of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that commi
15、ttee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordan
16、ce with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires
17、approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 2709 was prepared by Technical Com
18、mittee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation, Subcommittee SC 4, Technical interoperability. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 2709:1996), which has been technically revised to incorporate specification of the use of ISO/IEC 10646 using 8-bit Unicode Transformation F
19、ormat (UTF-8) encoding. Consequently, lengths are specified in terms of octets instead of characters. SANS 2709:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.SANS 2709:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscriptio
20、n and freemailing clients of the SABS.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2709:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Information and documentation Format for information exchange 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the requirements for a generalized exchange format which will hold records describi
21、ng all forms of material capable of bibliographic description as well as other types of records. It does not define the length or the content of individual records and does not assign any meaning to tags, indicators or identifiers, these specifications being the functions of an implementation format
22、. This International Standard describes a generalized structure, a framework designed specially for communications between data processing systems and not for use as a processing format within systems. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of
23、 this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 646:1991, Information technology ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange ISO/IEC 6429:1992, Inform
24、ation technology Control functions for coded character sets ISO/IEC 10646:2003, Information technology Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 character member of a set of elements us
25、ed for the organization, control, or representation of data 3.2 data field characters recording the descriptive content of the record 3.3 directory index to the location of the fields within a record 3.4 directory map set of parameters specifying the structure of the entries in the directory SANS 27
26、09:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 2709:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved3.5 field variable length portion of the record containing a particular category of data, following the directory and associated with one entr
27、y of the directory NOTE A field can contain one or more subfields. 3.6 field separator control character that terminates the directory, record identifier, reference fields and data fields 3.7 tag three octets associated with a field and used to identify it 3.8 indicator first data element, if presen
28、t, associated with a field supplying further information about the contents of the field, about the relationship between the field and other fields in the record, or about the action required in certain data manipulation processes 3.9 octet group of 8 consecutive bits also referred to as an 8-bit by
29、te; it may represent one character or be part of a representation of a character 3.10 record collection of fields, including a record label, a directory and data NOTE If required, the linking of records and their division into subrecords is allowed and should be implemented as specified in the expli
30、cit exchange format. 3.11 record identifier field characters identifying the record 3.12 record label section occurring at the beginning of each record providing parameters for the processing of the record 3.13 record separator control character that terminates the record 3.14 reference field data t
31、hat may be required for processing a record 3.15 separating character control character used to separate and qualify units of data logically, and in some cases hierarchically 3.16 structure arrangement of the parts constituting a record 3.17 subfield part of a field containing a defined unit of info
32、rmation SANS 2709:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 2709:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3 3.18 identifier data element of one or more characters immediately preceding and identifying a subfield 3.19 subrecord group o
33、f fields within a record which may be treated as an entity 4 Structure of communication format for a record 4.1 General The general structure of a record is shown schematically in Figure 1. A more detailed structure is shown schematically in Figure 2, which includes four alternatives for the data se
34、ctions. Record label Directory Fields Record separator Figure 1 General structure A record contains the following fixed and variable-length elements in the sequence shown in Figure 2: a) record label (fixed length); b) directory (variable length); c) record identifier field (variable length); d) ref
35、erence fields (variable length); e) data fields (variable length); f) field separator(s); g) record separator. The directory, record identifier, reference fields and data fields shall each be terminated by a field separator, i.e. separator IS2 in accordance with lSO/IEC 646 or lSO/IEC 6429. The reco
36、rd shall be terminated by the record separator, i.e. separator IS3 in accordance with ISO/IEC 646 or lSO/IEC 6429. 4.2 Basic character encoding All data in the record label and directory, and the indicators, subfield identifiers, field separators, and record separators, shall be taken from the chara
37、cter repertoire of ISO/IEC 646, with one octet per character encoding as specified in ISO/IEC 646 or ISO 10646 with UTF-8 encoding. 4.3 Record label 4.3.1 General The record label shown in Figure 2 shall be fixed in length to 24 octets, each representing one character and the octet positions shall b
38、e as defined in 4.3.2 to 4.3.9. SANS 2709:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 2709:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved4.3.2 Record length (octets 0 to 4) The record length shall be defined by the number of octets in the r
39、ecord, including the record label, directory, fields, and the record separator. The length is a five-digit decimal number, right-aligned with zero fill if necessary. NOTE The record length described here is a logical record length. For practical reasons relating to machine processing of data, it is
40、sometimes necessary to divide the information into blocks. 4.3.3 Record status (octet 5) The record status shall be defined by a single character, to be defined in an implementation International Standard, describing the status of a record, for example new or amended. In the absence of an Internatio
41、nal Standard, special agreement should be reached between the interchange partners. 4.3.4 Implementation codes (octets 6 to 9) The implementation codes are not defined in this International Standard. Special agreement should be reached between the interchange partners. 4.3.5 Indicator length (octet
42、10) The indicator length shall be defined by one decimal digit giving the number of octets of the indicators. If indicators are not used, the indicator length shall be set to zero. 4.3.6 Identifier length (octet 11) The identifier length shall be defined by one decimal digit giving the number of oct
43、ets of the identifier. The first or only character of this identifier shall always be IS1 in accordance with lSO/IEC 646 or ISO/IEC 6429. If the identifier is not used, the identifier length shall be set to zero. 4.3.7 Base address of data (octets 12 to 16) The base address of data shall be defined
44、by five decimal digits, right-aligned with zero fill if necessary, equal to the combined length in characters of the record label and the directory, including the field separator at the end of the directory. 4.3.8 Positions defined by user systems (octets 17 to 19) Octets positions 17 to 19 shall be
45、 defined by user systems. 4.3.9 Directory map The directory map positions shall be defined by the following. a) Octet 20: one decimal digit equal to the length in characters of the length of field part of each entry in the directory. b) Octet 21: one decimal digit equal to the length in characters o
46、f the starting character position part of each entry in the directory. c) Octet 22: one decimal digit equal to the length in characters of the implementation-defined part of each entry in the directory. d) Octet 23: reserved for future use. SANS 2709:2008This standard may only be used and printed by
47、 approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 2709:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 5 4.4 Directory 4.4.1 General The directory shall consist of a variable number of entries, each corresponding to its respective field (record identifier, reference and data fields). The directory
48、 shall end with a field separator. 4.4.2 Directory entry An entry shall consist of the following parts in the given order: a) a tag; b) the length of the field; c) the starting character position; d) the implementation-defined part. The length of the tag shall be three octets. The length in octets o
49、f the other three parts in each directory entry shall be given by the directory map (octets 20 to 22 in the record label). All entries in a directory shall have the same structure. 4.4.3 Tag The tag shall consist of three octets which specify, according to definition in an implementation International Standard, the name of any associated field. In the absence of an International Standard, special agreement shall be reached between the interchange partners. 4.4.4 Length of field This length shall be either a) the total number of octet
