1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-23123-1 SANS 456:2009Edition 2.4Any reference to SABS 456 is deemedto be a reference to this standard(Government Notice No. 1373 of 8 Nove
4、mber 2002)SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Corrugated board containers Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 456:2009 Edition 2.4 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Amdt 1
5、1983 Amended to change the standardization mark, certain definitions, all references in the text to “basis mass“, the description of certain apparatus, the procedure for the determination of grammage, bursting strength, and puncture resistance, resistance to vibration of a pack, and all drop and imp
6、act test procedures. Amdt 2 1985 Amended to bring appendix B in line with the latest requirements of the International Fibreboard Case Code. Amdt 3 1989 Amended to delete the reference to SABS 578. Amdt 4 2009 Amended to change the designation of SABS standards to SANS standards, to update the defin
7、ition of “acceptable”, to update referenced standards, and to delete a requirement for the resistance to rough handling (revolving drum) test. Acknowledgement The SABS Standards Division Standards thanks the members of the Committee for the assistance given in the preparation of this specification.
8、The copyright of the International Fibreboard Case Code belongs to the European Solid Fibreboard Case Manufacturers Association (ASSCO), Bleicherweg 33-8022, Zurich (Switzerland) and to the Fdration Europenne des Fabricants de Carton Ondul (FEPCO), 90, rue dAmsterdam, Paris IXme (France). The SABS S
9、tandards Division acknowledges with thanks the permission granted to reproduce the appropriate portions of the code. The reproduction is shown in appendix B. Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS SC 122A, Packaging Packaging, in accordance with procedures of th
10、e SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in August 2009. This document supersedes SABS 456:1973 (edition 2, reprint 1989). A vertical line in the margin shows where the text has been technically modified by amendment No. 4. Preface T
11、his standard has been amended to cover the general requirements for the quality of corrugated board and the strength and suitability of the boxes. Individual standards will be prepared to cover the various boxes required for specific services. Where necessary, reference should be made to Government
12、publications and to regulations of the appropriate transportation authority, particularly the South African Railways. SANS 456:2009 Edition 2.4 1 Contents Page Acknowledgement Foreword Preface 1 Scope . 3 2 Definitions 3 3 Materials . 6 4 Construction . 6 5 Packing, marking and storage . 8 6 Inspect
13、ion and methods of test 8 6.1 Test specimens 8 6.2 Conditioning . 8 6.3 Conditioning for the determination of the properties of board when damp 9 6.4 Evaluation of results of tests for physical properties of corrugated board . 9 6.5 Inspection . 9 6.6 Grammage of corrugated board . 9 6.7 Grammage of
14、 the component papers of corrugated board after separation . 10 6.8 Calliper (thickness) of corrugated board 10 6.9 Bursting strength of corrugated board . 11 6.10 Water absorption of outer facing of board 11 6.11 Flat crush resistance of corrugated board . 12 6.12 Puncture resistance of corrugated
15、board . 13 6.13 Ply adhesion of corrugated board 13 6.14 Accuracy and degree of creasing of corrugated board 14 6.15 Strength of taped or glued manufacturers joints . 15 6.16 Edgewise crush resistance of corrugated board 15 6.17 Resistance to vibration of a pack . 16 6.18 Drop test for strength of a
16、 pack 17 6.19 Drop test for the protection afforded the contents of a pack 17 6.20 Impact test (on an inclined plane) for the protection afforded the contents of a pack . 19 6.21 Impact test (on an inclined plane) for the packs of cans in boxes . 20 6.22 Compression resistance of containers . 20 6.2
17、3 Resistance to rough handling (revolving drum) test 21 Appendix A Applicable standards 27 Appendix B Reproduction of relevant parts of the International Fibreboard Case Code 28 SANS 456:2009 Edition 2.4 2 This page is intentionally left blank SANS 456:2009 Edition 2.4 3 Corrugated board containers
18、1 Scope 1.1 This specification covers the definitions, the general requirements (including those for packing, marking, and storage), the method of inspection, and all methods of test applicable to single-trip corrugated board containers. NOTE a) The specification does not cover detailed requirements
19、 for single-trip containers for specific purposes, i.e. the following requirements will be specified in the individual specification: 1) the paperboards to be used; 2) the type of corrugated board to be used; 3) the style and dimensions of the box and fittings; 4) the numerical values for the variou
20、s board properties specified; 5) the level of performance of the box and pack in the tests specified; 6) any special requirements concerning printing, packing, and methods of testing; and 7) the sampling procedure and criteria of compliance. b) The standards referred to in the specification are list
21、ed in appendix A. 2 Definitions 2.1 For the purposes of this specification the definitions (descriptions of basic type groups) given in the latest edition of International Fibreboard Case Code (IFCC)1)and the following definitions shall apply: acceptable acceptable to the authority administering thi
22、s standard, or to the parties concluding the purchase contract, as relevant Amdt 4 basis mass see “grammage“ 1) The relevant parts of the IFCC are reproduced in appendix B. SANS 456:2009 Edition 2.4 4 board see corrugated board box see container calliper the thickness of board measured in accordance
23、 with 6.8 case see container centre pad a piece of corrugated board used to so fill in a gap (space) between the flaps on the inside or a regular slotted box (or a box of similar construction,) as to produce a continuous level surface (see IFCC No. 0900) container box, case a receptacle (usually rec
24、tangular) intended for the packing of a commodity corrugated board board a combination of one or two corrugated paperboards and one, two, or three liners or facings corrugated board type the appropriate of the following types of board: A-flute board board having 104 to 125 corrugations per metre of
25、length, the height of the flutes (excluding the thickness of the facings) being at least 3,8 mm in the case of simplex board, and correspondingly greater in the case of duplex board B-flute board board having 150 to 187 corrugations per metre of length, the height of the flutes (excluding the thickn
26、ess of the facings) being at least 2,0 mm C-flute board board having 120 to 147 corrugations per metre of length, the height of the flutes (excluding the thickness of the facings) being at least 3,1 mm corrugating medium corrugating paper board, fluting medium the paperboard used for making the corr
27、ugated portion of a board, and consisting of either a single ply of paperboard or two plies of paperboard bonded together with adhesive corrugation flute a single complete wave in a corrugated paperboard crease an impression made in corrugated board to facilitate folding defective an item or a group
28、 of items whose average property is determined, that fails in one or more respects to comply with the relevant requirements of the specification SANS 456:2009 Edition 2.4 5 double-wall corrugated board (see figure 1) corrugated board that consists of two corrugated members (single- or two-ply) that
29、are separated by a centre facing and that have a facing on each outer surface duplex corrugated board corrugated board that has two plies of corrugating medium bonded together (during the corrugating process) by an adhesive facing liner paperboard used (in the manufacture of corrugated board) as an
30、inner or an outer facing or as a flat centre ply grammage the mass per unit area of paperboard individual specification a specification based on this specification and covering a box or boxes for a specific purpose internal fitting a component added to improve the rigidity or the compression resista
31、nce of a box or to position or cushion the contents of the box (see IFCC No. 0900 to 0976) layer pad a piece of corrugated board used to separate layers of items in a packed box liner see facing lot nominally not more than 10 000 (subject to a plus tolerance of 10 %) containers or fittings bearing t
32、he same batch identification, from one manufacturer, submitted at any one time for inspection and testing manufacturers joint the joint made by a manufacturer between a side-face and an end-face of a box NOTE When the joint is stitched or glued, there is a lap on one end (or side) panel that is atta
33、ched to the side (or end) panel. When the joint is taped, a side and an end panel are joined with no lap. reverse flutes (see figure 2) flutes (in the board) that run parallel to the open faces of a container simplex corrugated board corrugated board in which no corrugated member consists of more th
34、an one ply single-face corrugated board (see figure 1) single-face kraft corrugated board that consists of one corrugated member (single-or two-ply) that has a facing on one outer surface only single-trip container a container (that may have been used for the transport of empty cans, bottles, etc.)
35、that, after being used for the transport of the filled cans, bottles, etc., must, after unpacking, be discarded SANS 456:2009 Edition 2.4 6 single-wall corrugated board (see figure 1) corrugated board that consists of one corrugated member (single- or two-ply) that has a facing on each outer surface
36、 weatherproof corrugated board board that is resistant to moist and wet conditions as a result of being made from wet-strength paperboard and waterproof adhesives NOTE Board made water resistant or waterproof by other means may be covered in individual specifications. wet-strength paperboard paperbo
37、ard that has been so manufactured or treated that it retains a larger proportion of its dry strength when it is wet than does ordinary paperboard 3 Materials 3.1 Paperboard 3.1.1 General The paperboard used in the construction of the box shall comply with the requirements specified in the individual
38、 specification. 3.1.2 Laminated plies If a component of the box consists of a laminate, the plies of the laminate shall not separate under the conditions of any of the tests specified in the individual specification. 3.2 Corrugated board The composition of the board, its type, and its properties sha
39、ll comply with the relevant requirements specified in the individual specification. 3.3 Staples for stitching Staples shall be of a steel wire that shall have a cross-sectional area of at least 1,15 mm2. The wire shall have a coating (such as zinc, tin, copper, or enamel) that is not readily removab
40、le by the stapling process. The staples shall have a crown length of at least 11 mm, and each leg shall be long enough to be clinched on the inside of the board for a length of at least 3 mm. 3.4 Adhesives The adhesives used in making corrugated board and in the construction of the box shall be such
41、 as to ensure compliance with the individual specification, and shall not have any deleterious effect on the intended contents of the pack. 4 Construction 4.1 Workmanship Boxes shall be manufactured in accordance with high grade commercial practice and shall be free from imperfections which may affe
42、ct their serviceability. SANS 456:2009 Edition 2.4 7 4.2 Style of container The style of box and details of any internal fittings required shall be as specified in the individual specification2). 4.3 Dimensions The dimensions specified in the individual specification3)shall be the internal dimension
43、s in millimetres (of the box when closed for transportation) given in the order length, width, and depth, where these are as follows: a) Length. The greater of the two dimensions of the open faces. b) Width. The lesser of the two dimensions of the open faces. c) Depth. The distance between the inner
44、most surfaces of the box measured perpendicular to the length and width. Unless otherwise specified, the dimensions of a box shall be subject to a tolerance of 3 mm. 4.4 Manufacturers joint The manufacturers joint shall be stitched, taped, or glued, as specified in the individual specification, and
45、shall comply with the appropriate of the following requirements: a) Stitched (stapled) joints. The width of the stitching lap shall be at least 25 mm in single-wall board boxes and at least 40 mm in double-wall board boxes. The maximum centre-to-centre distance between individual stitches shall be 6
46、5 mm and the average distance between stitches shall not exceed 50 mm. Stitches shall not commence more than 25 mm away from each end of a joint, and shall be adequately clinched. When so specified in the individual specification, the joint shall have additional tie stitches. b) Taped joints. The ed
47、ges (of the board) forming the joint shall fit closely when the box is erected and shall be secured by an acceptable sealing strip that adheres firmly to the box and extends to within 5 mm of each end of the joint. For a pack with a gross mass not exceeding 20 kg the strip shall be at least 50 mm wi
48、de. For a pack heavier than 20 kg the strip shall be at least 65 mm wide. When specimens cut across a manufacturers joint are pulled apart, the component papers of the board shall fail before the tape of the joint. If the individual specification calls for a specific strength of the joint, the stren
49、gth shall be determined in accordance with 6.15. c) Glued joints. The width of the glue lap shall be at least 30 mm in single-wall board boxes and at least 40 mm in double-wall board boxes. When specimens cut across a manufacturers joint are pulled apart the component papers of the board shall fail before the glue of the joint. If the individual specification calls for a specific strength of the joint, the strength shall be determined in accordance with 6.15. 2) To obviate the use of involved detailed descriptions, these will be specified by reference to the relevant IFCC
