1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-20448-8 SANS 50897:2007Edition 1EN 897:2005Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for hum
4、an consumption Sodium carbonate This national standard is the identical implementation of EN 897:2005 and is adopted with the permission of CEN, rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax:
5、 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 50897:2007 Edition 1 EN 897:2005 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA TC 5140.19, Water, in accordance with proced
6、ures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in September 2007. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 897 June 2005 ICS 71.100.80 Supersedes EN 897:1998 English version Chemicals used for treatment of water inten
7、ded for human consumption - Sodium carbonate Produits chimiques pour le traitement de leau destine la consommation humaine - Carbonate de sodium Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser fr den menschlichen Gebrauch - Natriumcarbonat This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 May 2005. CEN members
8、are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application t
9、o the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same
10、status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slo
11、venia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CE
12、N national Members. Ref. No. EN 897:2005: ESANS 50897:2007This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 897:2005 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Description .5 4 Purity criteria7 Table 1
13、 Impurities.8 Table 2 Chemical parameters .8 5 Test methods8 6 Labelling Transportation Storage 10 Annex A (informative) General information on sodium carbonate 12 Annex B (normative) Analytical methods .13 Table B.1 - Concentration range .13 Table B.2 - Parameters and operating conditions of the sp
14、ectrometer 14 Table B.3 - Calibration solutions for the different elements 15 Table B.4 - Wavelength per element .16 Annex C (normative) General rules relating to safety19 Bibliography 20 SANS 50897:2007This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of t
15、he SABS .EN 897:2005 (E) 3 Foreword This European Standard (EN 897:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text
16、or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2005. This document supersedes EN 897:1998. Significant technical differences between this edition and EN 897:1998 are as follows : a) deletion of the reference to EU Di
17、rective 80/778/EEC of July, 15 1980 in order to take into account the latest Directive in force (see 1); b) replacement of ISO 5666-1 by EN 1483. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European St
18、andard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SANS 50897:2007This
19、s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 897:2005 (E) 4 Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused by the product covered by this European Standard: a) this Europea
20、n Standard provides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteris
21、tics of this product remain in force. NOTE Conformity with this European Standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the product in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by this European Standard is subject to regulation or control by National Aut
22、horities. SANS 50897:2007This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 897:2005 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to sodium carbonate used for treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the character
23、istics and specifies the requirements and the corresponding test methods for sodium carbonate. It gives information on its use in water treatment. It also determines the rules relating to safe handling and use (see Annex C). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable
24、 for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1483:1997, Water quality Determination of mercury EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use
25、 Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) ISO 740, Sodium carbonate for industrial use - Determination of total soluble alkalinity Titrimetric method ISO 746, Sodium carbonate for industrial use - Determination of matter insoluble in water at 50 degrees C ISO 2460, Sodium hydrogen carbonate fo
26、r industrial use - Determination of iron content 1,10-Phenanthroline photometric method ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for industrial use Safety in sampling ISO 6206, Chemical products for industrial use Sampling Vocabulary ISO 8213, Chemical products for industrial use Sampling techniques
27、Solid chemical products in the form of particles varying from powders to coarse lumps 3 Description 3.1 Identification 3.1.1 Chemical name Sodium carbonate. 3.1.2 Synonym or common name Soda ash, anhydrous sodium carbonate, light soda ash, heavy soda ash. 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass 105,99. 3.1.4
28、Empirical formula Na2CO3.SANS 50897:2007This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 897:2005 (E) 6 3.1.5 Chemical formula Na2CO3.3.1.6 CAS Registry Number1)497-19-8. 3.1.7 EINECS reference2)207-838-8. 3.2 Commercial forms The product i
29、s available as dry powder or fine granules and is described as light soda or heavy soda according to bulk density (see 3.3.2). 3.3 Physical properties 3.3.1 Appearance The product is a white powder or crystals, slightly hygroscopic. 3.3.2 Density The density of this product is 2,53 g/cm3. The bulk d
30、ensity is: ranging from 0,5 kg/dm3 to 0,65 kg/dm3 (light soda ash); ranging from 0,8kg/dm3 to 1,2 kg/dm3 (heavy soda ash). 3.3.3 Solubility in water The product is soluble at 212 g/l at 20 C. 3.3.4 Vapour pressure Not applicable. 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa3)Not applicable. 3.3.6 Melting point 85
31、1 C. 1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. 2) European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. 3) 100 kPa = 1 bar. SANS 50897:2007This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 897:2005 (E) 7 3.3.7 Specific heat 1,0
32、43 J/(kg K). 3.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) Not applicable. 3.3.9 Critical temperature Not applicable. 3.3.10 Critical pressure Not applicable. 3.3.11 Physical hardness The hardness of solid sodium carbonate is given as 1 to 2 on the Mohs scale of hardness. 3.4 Chemical properties Sodium carbonate reacts
33、 exothermically with acids with the formation of carbon dioxide. Sodium carbonate is slightly hygroscopic and dissolution in water is an exothermic reaction. 4 Purity criteria 4.1 General This European Standard specifies the minimum purity requirements for sodium carbonate used for the treatment of
34、water intended for human consumption. Limits are given for impurities commonly present in the product. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process other impurities may be present and, if so, this shall be notified to the user and when necessary to relevant authorities. NOTE Users of
35、this product should check the national regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for treatment of water intended for human consumption, taking into account raw water quality, required dosage, contents of other impurities and additives used in the products not stated in this
36、 product standard. Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current production process and raw materials. If the production process or raw materials leads to significant quantities of impurities, by-products
37、 or additives being present, this shall be notified to the user. 4.2 Composition of commercial product The product shall contain not less than a mass fraction of 99 % of Na2CO3. 4.3 Impurities and main by-products The product shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1. The concentration
38、limits refer to pure Na2CO3. SANS 50897:2007This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 897:2005 (E) 8 Table 1 Impurities Impurity Limit in mg/kg of Na2CO3Iron (II) 1)max. 20 Insoluble matters 2)max. 200 1) Iron(II) can cause organolep
39、tic problems . 2) Indicate the presence of foreign matter . 4.4 Chemical parameters The product shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 2. Table 2 Chemical parameters Parameter Limit in mg/kg of Na2CO3Arsenic (As) max. Cadmium (Cd) max. Chromium (Cr) max. Mercury (Hg) max. Nickel (Ni) m
40、ax. Lead (Pb) max. 2 2 2 0,1 2 2 NOTE Antimony, selenium, cyanides, pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not relevant in sodium carbonate. For parametric values of sodium carbonate on trace metal content in drinking water, see 1. 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling Prepare the laboratory samp
41、le (s) required by the relevant procedure described in ISO 8213, observe the recommendations of ISO 3165 and also take into account ISO 6206. SANS 50897:2007This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 897:2005 (E) 9 5.2 Analyses 5.2.1
42、Main product The mass fraction in % of Na2CO3shall be determined by titration of the total alkalinity with a standard volumetric acid solution in accordance with ISO 740. 5.2.2 Impurities 5.2.2.1 Iron The iron content shall be determined by a spectrometric method with 1,10-phenanthroline in accordan
43、ce with ISO 2460 replacing sodium bicarbonate by sodium carbonate. 5.2.2.2 Insoluble matters The mass fraction in % of the insoluble matter in water shall be determined at 50 C in accordance with ISO 746. 5.2.3 Chemical parameters 5.2.3.1 Principle The elements arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead and n
44、ickel are determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Mercury is determined by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry. 5.2.3.2 Arsenic The arsenic content shall be determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP/OES) (see B.1). 5.2.3.3 Cadm
45、ium The cadmium content shall be determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP/OES) (see B.1). 5.2.3.4 Chromium The chromium content shall be determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP/OES) (see B.1). 5.2.3.5 Nickel The nickel content sh
46、all be determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP/OES) (see B.1). SANS 50897:2007This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .EN 897:2005 (E) 10 5.2.3.6 Lead The lead content shall be determined by inductiv
47、ely coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP/OES) (see B.1). 5.2.3.7 Mercury The mercury content shall be determined by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry in accordance with EN 1483 (see B.2). 6 Labelling Transportation Storage 6.1 Means of delivery Sodium carbonate can be delivered
48、 in bulk, bulk bags or in bags. In order that the purity of the products is not affected, the means of delivery shall not have been used previously for any different product or it shall have been specially cleaned and prepared before use. 6.2 Risk and safety labelling according to the EU Directives4
49、)The following labelling requirements shall apply to sodium carbonate at the date of the publication of this European Standard. - Symbols and indications of danger: Xi: Irritant. - Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances: R 36: Irritating to eyes. - Safety advice concerning dangerous substances: S 22: Do not breathe dust. S 26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. NOTE Annex I of the Directive 67/548/EEC on classification, packaging and labelling of dangerou
