1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22249-9 SANS 53121-3:2009Edition 1EN 13121-3:2008Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground Part
4、3: Design and workmanship This national standard is the identical implementation of EN 13121-3:2008 and is adopted with the permission of CEN, rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax
5、: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 53121-3:2009 Edition 1 EN 13121-3:2008 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 1015, Fibre-reinforced plastics products, in accordance with procedures of the S
6、ABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in July 2009. EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 13121-3June 2008ICS 23.020.10English VersionGRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 3: Designand workmanshipRservoir
7、s et rcipients en PRV pour applications hors sol -Partie 3: Conception et fabricationOberirdische GFK-Tanks und -Behlter - Teil 3: Auslegungund HerstellungThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 April 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipu
8、late the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exi
9、sts in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bod
10、ies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROP
11、EAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13121-3:2008: EEN 13121-3:2008 (
12、E) 2 Contents Page Foreword6 Introduction .7 1 Scope 8 2 Normative references 8 3 Terms and definitions .10 4 Symbols and abbreviations 11 5 Information and requirements to be supplied and to be documented.14 5.1 General14 5.2 Information to be obtained by the manufacturer14 5.3 Information to be pr
13、epared by the manufacturer .14 5.4 Final documentation15 6 Material .15 6.1 General15 6.2 Chemical protective barrier 15 6.3 Flammability.16 6.4 Electrical resistivity .16 7 Mechanical properties.17 7.1 General17 7.2 Heat deflection temperature .17 7.3 Laminate construction 17 7.4 Lamina thickness.1
14、9 7.5 Laminate properties 19 7.6 Inter-laminar shear strength.19 7.7 Peel strength 20 7.8 Selection of physical properties of materials and allowable design factors 20 8 Determination of design strain and loadings .25 8.1 General25 8.2 Allowable design strains.25 8.3 Laminate design loadings.26 8.4
15、Laminate design.26 8.5 Laminate thickness27 9 Design .28 9.1 Introduction 28 9.2 Determination of external loads.29 9.3 Drawings and design calculations.30 9.4 Design details.30 10 Design analysis31 10.1 Symbols and units.31 10.2 Vertical vessels or tanks, cylinders under loads (t 60 C (HDT 40 C) TS
16、 7.3 Laminate construction The final external surface of the tank or vessel which shall be a minimum of 450 g/m2CSM or continuous filament windings construction, shall be finished with a surface veil. EN 13121-3:2008 (E) 18 Table 3 Minimum properties of laminate layers Type of reinforcement Directio
17、n Applicable criteria UTUS UiN/mm per kg/m2glassUnit tensile modulus XiN/mm per kg/m2glassShear strength N/mm Shear modulus G N/mm CSM All 200 14 000 All 140 14 000 CSM (furane/ phenolic) WR Warp 61 500 x 4 000+24 000 x 65 60 4 000 Warp 61 320 x 4 000+24 000 x 65 40 4 000 FW 85 1,0 and 1,4. 7.8.4.6
18、Derivation of partial design factor A4A4is the partial design factor relating to the expected number of operation cycles, where cycles relate to pressure or temperature or temperature and pressure. For the design strain levels allowed in this standard, the factor shall be 1,0. 7.8.4.7 Derivation of
19、partial design factor A5A5is the partial design factor relating to long term performance of the laminate and shall be determined either by reference to Table 5 or by testing in accordance with D.16. In the absence of test data, A5shall be taken from Table 5. Table 5 The value of partial design facto
20、r A5 Short term A5Tension A5Flexural Loading Life of tank or vessel Life of tank or vessel Reinforcement-resin system Polyester- and Vinylester up to 30 min up to 10 yearsup to 50 years up to 10 years up to 50 years WR 1,0 1,25 1,30 1,50 1,90 CSM 1,0 2,00 2,40 2,00 2,40 FW circumferential 1,0 1,20 1
21、,30 1,30 1,40 FW axial 1,0 1,50 1,60 1,60 1,70 Where combination laminates of CSM/WR/FW are to be used, the value of A5shall be taken for the major constituent. For intermediate lifetimes between 10 and 50 years, values of A5may be determined by linear interpolation. When the value of A5is to be det
22、ermined by testing of the laminate, the test to be carried out shall be in accordance with test D.16. EN 13121-3:2008 (E) 24 An early assessment of the partial design factor A5can be determined using the short term creep test (see method D.10), but the final value used in the design shall be that de
23、termined from the long term creep test (see method D.16). The partial design factor A5shall not be less than 1,20, other than for short term loads (see Table 5). For the calculation of the buckling Factor F (see 7.8.4), only the A5value for Flexural shall be used. For the calculation of the overall
24、design Factor K (see 7.8.4) the A5value depends upon the applied load under consideration. Where the loading is a combination of both Tension and Flexural, the A5value for Tension shall be used. The different A5factors for different types of load, may result in a range of K and F factors (see 7.8.4)
25、 and allowable design strain levels and subsequent design unit loads having to be evaluated (see 8.2.4 and 8.3). However simplification of the design analysis can be achieved if the largest applicable value of the A5factor is used for all calculations in the design analysis. Table 6 Summary of desig
26、n methods and partial design factors Permissible design approach Advanced design Basic design either or Derivation of mechanical properties (test) User-defined material properties may be used based on rigorous testing (15 samples minimum) Minimum specified properties as defined in this standard supp
27、orted by limited testing (5 samples) Minimum specified properties as defined in this standard supported by limited testing (5 samples). Historical test data Historic data not acceptable without support from a limited production test programme Historic data acceptable if similar laminate design has b
28、een produced within 12 months of the last test Historic data acceptable if similar laminate design has been produced within 18 months of the last test Partial design factor relating to the level of the test verification of material properties A1= 1,0 (vessel cut- outs) A1= 1,1 (sample laminates) (Fo
29、r mechanical properties) A1= 1,1 when using historic test data and verifying tests (7.8.3) A1= 1,2 (vessel cut- outs) A1= 1,3 (sample laminates) A1= 1,5 (If no additional testing is carried out and historic test data is used to support the design properties) A1= 2,0 Partial design factor relating to
30、 the chemical resistance of the laminate A2(from EN 13121-2) A2(from EN 13121-2) A2(from EN 13121-2) Partial design factor relating to the design temperature of the vessel and resin HDT A3(7.8.4.5) A3(7.8.4.5) A3(7.8.4.5) Partial design factor relating to cyclical loading A4(7.8.4.6) = 1 A4(7.8.4.6)
31、 = 1 A4(7.8.4.6) =1 Partial design factor relating to long term behaviour A5(7.8.4.7) A5(7.8.4.7) A5= 2,4 Minimum design factor K K (minimum) = 4 K (minimum) = 5 if A5is not determined by test program D.16.of Annex D K (minimum) = 6 K (minimum) = 8 Minimum buckling design factor F F 2,7 F 3,0 F 4,0
32、EN 13121-3:2008 (E) 25 8 Determination of design strain and loadings 8.1 General This standard allows three approaches for determining the basic properties of the laminate as detailed in Clause 7 depending on the material test programmes undertaken. Having established these properties, the basic des
33、ign strain limitations and design loadings shall be determined as follows. 8.2 Allowable design strains 8.2.1 General The following are the permissible design strains for a laminate construction taking into consideration both the design and test requirements. 8.2.2 Allowable resin strain arThe allow
34、able strain arfor each type of resin used shall be determined from Equation (7) ar= 0,1 R(7) where Ris the elongation at break of the unreinforced resin. 8.2.3 Limiting strain for laminate Lor lamina iThe limiting strain for a laminate shall be determined from Equation (8A); and for a lamina from Eq
35、uation (8B). lamlamLXKU= (8A) iiXKUi= (8B) where Ulamand Xlamare obtained either from Equation (10), using the materials ultimate properties as determined from the test programme values detailed in Clause 7, or taken from Table 3 in accordance with 7.1. The design factor K shall be determined from E
36、quation (4) or be the maximum value given in Table 6 for the design method to be used, whichever is the higher, using where necessary different values of A5(see 7.8.4.7). 8.2.4 Maximum allowable lamina design strain dThe lamina design strain dshall be the least of a) 0,10 % strain for furane resin,
37、0,23 % strain for polyester resin lamina, 0,27 % for Vinylester lamina, 0,20 % PVC - U Thermoplastics Liners. EN 13121-3:2008 (E) 26 b) For PVDF, PP, ECTFE and PFA Thermoplastics liners, the design strain shall be the design strain of the lamina. c) The allowable strain determined from Equation (7).
38、 d) The limiting minimum CSM lamina strain determined from Equation (8A) but when a thermoplastics liner is used, the limiting minimum CSM lamina strain determined from Equation (8b) shall be taken. NOTE For rarely occurring short-term emergency conditions, less than 10 times during the life of the
39、tank or vessel, with each duration less than 30 min, a higher maximum design strain of 0,4 % may be used for equipment using resin systems having elongation to failure greater than 2,0 %. When this design approach is used for a tank or vessel and the emergency condition occurs in service, each occas
40、ion that the condition arises shall be recorded and consideration shall then be given to assessing those areas of the tank or vessel subjected to the higher design strain and the requirement when to inspect the tank or vessel. 8.2.5 Allowable test strain testTanks and vessels shall be tested in acco
41、rdance with the requirements of Annex C (normative) and shall be designed such that the maximum strain in the item when tested shall not exceed the following limits: 0,133 % for Furane resin systems, 0,30 % for Polyester resin systems, 0,35 % for Vinyl ester resin systems, 0,26 % PVC-U thermoplastic
42、s liners. For PP, PVDF, ECTFE and PFA Thermoplastics liners, the maximum test strain shall be the maximum strain of the resin system. 8.3 Laminate design loadings The allowable design unit loading of the laminate shall be determined from the allowable unit loading for lamina which is given in Equati
43、on (9). all. ui= d Xi (9) These lamina values shall then be used to calculate the corresponding values for the lamina and laminate design unit load as given in 8.3 and 8.4 to be used in the design analysis given in Clause 10. Where Ulamis from Equation (10) and Xlamis given by Equation (10a). 8.4 La
44、minate design The laminate construction shall where ever possible be symmetrical. For each region of the tank or vessel, a proposed laminate construction shall be determined by taking into account the design unit load for each constituent laminate layer as calculated in accordance with 8.2, 8.3 and
45、Annex B (normative). These allowable loadings shall be related to the unit loads to be carried by the region of the structure concerned. iiilamnmunmunmuuall += .222111(10)EN 13121-3:2008 (E) 27 For the proposed laminate construction the Xlamis given by Equation (10a): where iiilamnmunmunmXX += .2221
46、11. (10a) If the condition q all. Ulam, where q is the applied unit load, then the proposed laminate shall be redesigned. where: all. Ulamis the allowable tensile load carrying capacity of a laminate, N/mm; iu is the allowable tensile unit load carrying capacity of lamina layer I, N/mm per kg/m2glas
47、s from Equation (9); miis the mass of reinforcement per unit area in one layer of type i, kg/m2glass; niis the number of layers of type i in the construction under consideration; NOTE For filament winding, a layer shall consist of two helixes wound at where 85 90. q is the maximum applied unit load
48、to be carried by the laminate at the point under consideration, N/mm; Xlamis the unit tensile modulus of laminate, N/mm per kg/m2glass; Xiis the unit tensile modulus of layer type i, N/mm per kg/m2glass. To assess the design of a filament wound tank or vessel, see Annex H (informative) for detailed
49、method of analysis. 8.5 Laminate thickness Where values of laminate thickness are required in calculations, these shall be taken as the sum of the individual lamina layer thicknesses making up the laminate. The thickness of each lamina layer, for design purposes, shall be determined from the glass content for that layer using Equation (1) in 7.4. The minimum laminate thickness shall be 3 mm excluding any chemical barrier. The structural laminate shall be symmetrical about the mid poi
