1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22993-1 SANS 551:2009Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Detonators, relays and explosives initiating devices for commercial applicat
4、ions Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag x191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 551:2009 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Acknowledgement The SABS Standards Division wishes to acknowledge the val
5、uable assistance derived from publications of: Chief Inspector of Explosives of the South African Police Service. Canadian Chief Inspector of Explosives. Canadian Research Laboratory. Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 1064, Explosives and detonators, in
6、accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in October 2009. Reference is made in 3.1.2, 4.6, 5.2.8.1.5, 5.2.10.1.1 and 6.3.3.5, to “the relevant national legislation”. In South Africa this means the
7、 Explosives Act, 2003 (Act No. 15 of 2003). Reference is made in 4.7 to “the relevant national legislation”. In South Africa this means the The Explosives Act, 2003 (Act No. 15 of 2003), The Mine Health and Safety Act, 1996, (Act No. 29 of 1996), and The Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act
8、 No. 85 of 1993). Annex A is for information only. Annex B forms an integral part of the standard. SANS 551:2009 Edition 1 1 Contents Page Acknowledgement Foreword 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references. 3 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 5 3.1 Terms and definitions. 5 3.2 Abbreviations . 8 4 Regu
9、latory requirements 8 5 Submission documentation . 9 5.1 General 9 5.2 Manufacturers product scope declaration (technical construction file). 10 5.2.1 General. 10 5.2.2 Suitability and reliability 11 5.2.3 Field testing and field-use experience 11 5.2.4 Development testing. 11 5.2.5 Manufacturer-spe
10、cified control equipment and components . 11 5.2.6 Drawings and specifications. 12 5.2.7 Packaging and labelling 13 5.2.8 Safety and security . 13 5.2.9 Sampling. 16 5.2.10 Test documentation 16 6 Mandatory tests 19 6.1 General 19 6.2 Testing and classification for transport purposes 20 6.3 Determin
11、ation of functionality. 21 6.4 Determination of initiating capability (initiating output and equivalence) . 21 6.5 Determination of timing accuracy and precision 26 6.5.1 General. 26 6.5.2 Determination of the quality factor 26 6.5.3 Determination of the coefficient of variation and the specimen mea
12、n delay time to nominal delay time 28 6.5.4 Electronic detonators 30 6.5.5 Other devices 30 Annex A (informative) Types of initiation devices, initiation device systems and initiation device system components . 31 Annex B (normative) Supplementary tests 37 Bibliography. 41 SANS 551:2009 Edition 1 2
13、This page has been left blank intentionally SANS 551:2009 Edition 1 3 Detonators, relays and explosives initiating devices for commercial applications 1 Scope The standard describes the procedures to be followed for obtaining approval for the use of initiation devices (IDs), initiation device system
14、s (IDSs) and initiation device system components (IDSCs). It gives the requirements for the documentation to accompany an application for approval, the performance tests to be carried out and the requirements for packaging, labelling, and the safety and security features of the devices. The followin
15、g devices are covered: a) non-electric detonators (capped fuse and shock-tube); b) electric detonators (see SANS 762 for the electromagnetic compatibility risk assessment); c) igniters; d) relays; e) electronic detonators and systems (SANS 1717-1, SANS 53763-26 and SANS 53763-27); and f) permitted e
16、lectric detonators (SANS 1600). NOTE Definitions of devices are given in 3.1 (also see annex A). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest
17、edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from the SABS Standards Division. 2.1 Standards BS EN 61508-1, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety related
18、systems Part 1: General requirements. EN 13763-9, Explosives for civil use Detonators and relays Part 9: Determination of resistance to bending detonators. SANS 551:2009 Edition 1 4 SANS 762, Assessment of inadvertent initiation of bridge wire electro-explosive devices by radio-frequency radiation.
19、Guide. SANS 1600, Permitted Electric Detonators. SANS 1717-1:2005, The design of detonator initiation systems for use in mining and civil blasting applications Part 1: Electronic initiation systems. SANS 6219, Permitted electric detonators: Incendivity (Gallery test). SANS 10228, The identification
20、and classification of dangerous goods for transport. SANS 10229-1, Transport of dangerous goods Packaging and large packaging for road and rail transport Part 1: Packaging. SANS 53763-1:2008/EN 13763-1:2004, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 1: Requirements. SANS 53763-2/EN 13763-
21、2, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 2: Determination of thermal stability. SANS 53763-3/EN 13763-3, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 3: Determination of sensitiveness to impact. SANS 53763-4/EN 13763-4, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 4: D
22、etermination of resistance to abrasion of leading wires and shock-tubes. SANS 53763-5/EN 13763-5, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 5: Determination of resistance to cutting damage of leading wires and shock-tubes. SANS 53763-6/EN 13763-6, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and
23、relays Part 6: Determination of resistance to cracking in low temperatures of leading wires. SANS 53763-7/EN 13763-7, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 7: Determination of the mechanical strength of leading wires, shock-tubes, connections, crimps and closures. SANS 53763-8/EN 1376
24、3-8, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 8: Determination of the resistance to vibration of plain detonators. SANS 53763-11/EN 13763-11, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 11: Determination of resistance to damage by dropping of detonators and relays. SANS 53763-12
25、/EN 13763-12, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 12: Determination of resistance to hydrostatic pressure. SANS 53763-13/EN 13763-13, Explosives for civil uses - Detonators and relays Part 13: Determination of resistance of electric detonators to electrostatic discharge. SANS 53763-
26、15:2008/EN 13763-15:2004, Explosives for civil uses - Detonators and relays Part 15: Determination of equivalent initiating capability. SANS 53763-17/EN 13763-17, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 17: Determination of no-fire current of electric detonators. SANS 551:2009 Edition 1
27、 5 SANS 53763-18/EN 13763-18, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 18: Determination of series firing current of electric detonators. SANS 53763-19/EN 13763-19, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 19: Determination of firing impulse of electric detonators. SANS 53763
28、-20/EN 13763-20, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 20: Determination of total electrical resistance of electric detonators. SANS 53763-21/EN 13763-21, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 21: Determination of the flash-over voltage of electric detonators. SANS 5376
29、3-24/EN 13763-24, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 24: Determination of the electrical non-conductivity of shock-tube. SANS 53763-26/EN 13763-26, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 26: Definitions, methods, and requirements for devices and accessories for reliab
30、le and safe function of detonators and relays. SANS 53763-27:2008/CEN/TS 13763-27:2003, Explosives for civil uses Detonators and relays Part 27: Definitions, methods, and requirements for electronic initiation systems. US MIL-STD-461-E, Requirements for the control of electromagnetic interference ch
31、aracteristics of subsystems and equipment. 2.2 Other publications Chief Inspector of Explosives Authorization and classification of explosives. United Nations recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods Manual of tests and criteria. 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and defini
32、tions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1.1 accredited testing laboratory laboratory, accredited by an approved accreditation authority, that is equipped to carry out the appropriate tests specified in the standard and whose test reports are acceptable t
33、o the appropriate approving authority 3.1.2 approving authority body legally responsible for the relevant national legislation (see foreword) 3.1.3 authorization authorization is the process by which an explosive substance or an explosive article is declared authorized by the CIE, at which time it b
34、ecomes legal to manufacture, sell, possess or use that explosive substance or explosive article in South Africa or import it into South Africa SANS 551:2009 Edition 1 6 3.1.4 blaster person in possession of any relevant or required certification of competency such as a blasting certificate and who i
35、s appointed by the site authority to carry out blasting operations 3.1.5 communications medium means by which commands and blasting energy from the blast control unit is coupled to the EDD 3.1.6 detonator, electric one shot explosive device initiated by the application of electrical energy direct to
36、 a bridge wire or another electro-thermal igniter NOTE Electric detonators include electro-explosive devices. 3.1.7 detonator, electronic electronic assembly in which the time delay is achieved by means of an electronic chip activated by electric or non-electric stimuli NOTE 1 Electric detonators in
37、clude electronic delay devices. NOTE 2 Electronic detonators can have a zero delay or a fixed delay. 3.1.8 detonator, non-electric detonator assembly initiated by energy other than electrical energy, for example shock-tube detonators and cap-fused detonators 3.1.9 detonator, plain instantaneous deto
38、nator supplied without means of initiation NOTE Plain detonators are normally activated by means of a detonating cord, safety fuse, pyrotechnic igniter, or shock-tube. 3.1.10 electronic delay device EDD type of device in which the firing delay/firing condition is controlled by an electronic control
39、unit which is powered by an internal energy storage/generation/conversion device 3.1.11 fire procedure to supply an EDD with the means to commence an automatic initiation sequence that culminates in the activation of its explosive charge, which can be after a predetermined delay 3.1.12 hazard source
40、 of exposure to danger SANS 551:2009 Edition 1 7 3.1.13 inherently safe test equipment equipment to test a specific EDD installation and which is unable to fire the EDD under test NOTE Inherently safe test equipment is unable to transfer sufficient energy to the EDD to cause initiation. Passive safe
41、ty measures incorporated in the design of a detonator should be able to withstand two independent failures in the EDD and test equipment combination. 3.1.14 initiation device ID unit that contains the explosives charge, any associated electronics, housing and, if applicable, the interconnection mean
42、s attached to the unit, for example, an igniter or a detonator with leading or “leg-wires”, a detonator with fuse, a detonator with shock-tube and a detonator with low charge weight detonating cord 3.1.15 initiation device system IDS overall, connected system including IDs, signal carriers, inter-co
43、nnectors, junction means, trunk lines and control equipment (hardware and software) EXAMPLE A typical electrical blasting cap system might include a detonator with leg-wires, interconnecting lead-lines, balancing resistors and a blasting machine. NOTE 1 IDS refers to the overall, connected system in
44、cluding control equipment (hardware and software). The ID and the IDSC are required for functioning and for routine use, but are not integral to the system. NOTE 2 In some cases the terms signal carrier, inter-connectors, junction means, and trunk lines may be either different or synonymous. 3.1.16
45、initiation device system component IDSC hardware components needed for normal routine use, such as, but not limited to, testers, tools and other blast control equipment EXAMPLE 1 Typical components of an electric blasting system might include cutters or strippers (or both), a blasting galvanometer a
46、nd an electrical tape. EXAMPLE 2 Typical components of a non-electric blasting system might include specified detonating cord cutters. NOTE These items may, or may not be integral to the functioning of the overall connected initiation device system, i.e. a blasting galvanometer for electric blasting
47、 resistance readings, or a lead-line continuity, or a tester-programming device for some types of electronic detonators. 3.1.17 manufacturer person or entity who designs, manufactures, repairs, imports or supplies any article for the purpose of blasting 3.1.18 risk likelihood that injury or harm to
48、persons or property can occur SANS 551:2009 Edition 1 8 3.1.19 safe well receptacle designed to contain the hazardous effects of the possible detonation of an explosive device placed therein 3.1.20 safety interlocked blasting system blast equipment designed to initiate a blast in a controlled manner
49、, incorporating at least two independent safety interlocks 3.1.21 waiting time minimum period of time required, as defined by the manufacturer or supplier, to ensure that all EDDs are safe after de-coupling of the blast control unit from the communications medium 3.2 Abbreviations ANFO ammonium nitrate-fuel oil CIE Chief Inspector of Explosives EDD electronic delay device EED electro-explosive device ID initiation device IDS initiation device system IDSC initiation device system compone
