1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21297-1 SANS 60034-29:2008 Edition 1 IEC 60034-29:2008 Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Rotating electrical machines Part 29: Equi
4、valent loading and superposition techniques Indirect testing to determine temperature rise This national standard is the identical implementation of IEC 60034-29:2008 and is adopted with the permission of the International Electrotechnical Commission. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan
5、 road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.SANS 60034-29:2008 Edition 1 IEC 60034-29:200
6、8 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA TC 61, Rotating machinery, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was p
7、ublished in July 2008. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. IEC 60034-29 Edition 1.0 2008-03 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Rotating electrical machines Part 29: Equivalent loading and superposition techniques Indirect
8、testing to determine temperature rise Machines lectriques tournantes Partie 29: Techniques par charge quivalente et par superposition Essais indirects pour dterminer lchauffement INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE U ICS 29.160 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX IS
9、BN 2-8318-9598-7SANS 60034-29:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. 2 60034-29 IEC:2008 CONTENTS FOREWORD. 0H3 INTRODUCTION. 1H5 1 Scope. 2H6 2 Normative references . 3H6 3 Symbols and units 4H6 4 General test requirements 5H7 5
10、Superposition method. 6H8 5.1 Basic principles . 7H8 5.1.1 General . 8H8 5.1.2 Temperature rise . 9H9 5.1.3 Estimation of temperature rise from reduced load tests . 10H9 5.2 Induction motors 11H10 5.2.1 Applicable tests . 12H10 5.2.2 Method of reduced voltage and rated current. 13H10 5.2.3 Method of
11、 rated voltage and reduced current. 14H13 5.2.4 Method combining tests at reduced voltage and reduced current . 15H14 5.3 Synchronous machines . 16H14 5.3.1 Method of open circuit, short circuit, zero excitation 17H14 5.3.2 Method of zero power factor and open circuit loading 18H16 5.4 DC machines.
12、19H17 6 Equivalent load method 20H17 6.1 Principles 21H17 6.1.1 General . 22H17 6.1.2 Temperature rise . 23H18 6.2 Induction motors 24H18 6.2.1 Forward short-circuit test. 25H18 6.2.2 Modulated frequency method. 26H19 6.2.3 DC injection. 27H20 6.2.4 Mixed-frequency or bi-frequency method . 28H21 6.3
13、 Synchronous machines Zero power factor 29H24 7 Preferred methods 30H26 Annex A (informative) Example calculation 31H28 Figure 1 Graphical superposition method for induction motors . 32H12 Figure 2 Derivation of field winding temperature rise at rated load (synchronous machines). 33H16 Figure 3 Test
14、 circuit for d.c.-injection equivalent load test 34H20 Figure 4 Mixed-frequency test Generators in series 35H21 Figure 5 Mixed-frequency test Series transformer . 36H22 Figure 6 Combination of torque and current in a mixed-frequency test . 37H23 Figure 7 Rotor-feeding mixed-frequency method 38H24 Ta
15、ble 1 Preferred methods. 39H27 SANS 60034-29:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.60034-29 IEC:2008 3 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES Part 29: Equivalent loading and superposition techniqu
16、es Indirect testing to determine temperature rise FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation
17、on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
18、Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparati
19、on. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus
20、 of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are m
21、ade to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications trans
22、parently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be
23、 rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members
24、 of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or a
25、ny other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may
26、be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60034-29 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 2: Rotating machinery. It cancels and replaces IEC 61986:2002 which is withdrawn. The text of this standa
27、rd is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 2/1476/FDIS 2/1491A/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part
28、2. A list of all parts of IEC 60034 series, under the general title Rotating electrical machines, can be found on the IEC website. SANS 60034-29:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. 4 60034-29 IEC:2008 The committee has decided
29、that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or a
30、mended. SANS 60034-29:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.60034-29 IEC:2008 5 INTRODUCTION The object of this standard is to provide various indirect load tests, the purpose of which is to determine the temperature rise of rotat
31、ing electrical machines, including a.c. induction machines, a.c. synchronous machines and d.c. machines. The test methods in some cases provide, in addition, means of measuring or estimating other parameters such as losses and vibration, but the methods are not designed specifically to provide such
32、data. The proposed test methods are considered equivalent, the choice relying only on the location, the testing equipment and the machine type, and the test result accuracy. This standard should not be interpreted as requiring any or all of the tests on any given machine. Particular tests are subjec
33、t to a special agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. NOTE As the methods reproduce only approximately the thermal conditions of the machines under rated condition, temperature-rise measurement results achieved from tests with these methods may be taken as the basis for the evaluation
34、 of machine heating in accordance with 8.10 of IEC 60034-1 by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. SANS 60034-29:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. 6 60034-29 IEC:2008 ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES Part 29: Equ
35、ivalent loading and superposition techniques Indirect testing to determine temperature rise 1 Scope This International Standard applies to machines covered by IEC 60034-1 when they cannot be loaded to a specific condition (rated or otherwise). It is applicable to both motors and generators. 2 Normat
36、ive references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60034-1:2004, Rotating electri
37、cal machines Part 1: Rating and performance IEC 60034-2-1, Rotating electrical machines Part 2-1: Standard methods for determining losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles) 3 Symbols and units For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and units apply.
38、 K slope factor of temperature rise, K/W NOTE 1 The full name of K is “slope factor of the straight line characterizing variation of temperature rise with losses”, see IEC 60027-4, item 901. temperature rise, K temperature, C P power, loss, W I current, A R resistance, X reactance, U voltage, V E e.
39、m.f., V f frequency, Hz f 1,2main/auxiliary frequency, Hz t time interval, s T torque, Nm J moment of inertia, kgm 2cos power factor method uncertainty, % NOTE 2 The definition implies that 0 means test temperature rise is higher than at actual load condition. SANS 60034-29:2008This standard may onl
40、y be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.60034-29 IEC:2008 7 famplitude of frequency deviation, Hz ratio of auxiliary voltage to main voltage correction factor angular frequency, rad/s Subscripts m, n, o, p test conditions 1, 2, 3, etc. machine component (e.
41、g. stator winding, rotor winding, stator core, etc.) NOTE 3 If not indicated otherwise, numbers 1, 2, 3 will be used as assigned above. t test f field a ambient, referring to reference coolant (see IEC 60034-1, 8.2) c due to constant losses L leakage N rated value equiv equivalent-load test super su
42、perposition test 4 General test requirements Measurement of the electrical parameters shall be made as follows. a) The class of accuracy of measuring instruments shall be not greater than 0,5. b) The measuring range of analogue instruments shall be chosen with a view to the measured values being hig
43、her than 30 % of the full-scale range. These requirements need not be complied with in the case of the three-phase power measurement by means of two wattmeters, but the currents and voltages in the measured circuits shall be at least 20 % of the rated currents and voltages of the wattmeters being us
44、ed. The range of the other measuring instruments shall be chosen in such a way that the measuring errors are not increased. c) The waveform and symmetry of the supply voltage at the machine terminals shall be in accordance with the requirements of Clause 7 of IEC 60034-1. d) Each line current shall
45、be measured. The arithmetic average value shall be used to determine the machine operating point. NOTE When using the two-wattmeter method, it is acceptable to measure only two currents. e) Power input to a three-phase machine shall be measured by either two single-phase wattmeters connected as in t
46、he two-wattmeter method, or one polyphase wattmeter, or three single-phase wattmeters. The total power read on a wattmeter shall be reduced by the amount of the I 2 R loss in the voltage circuits or in the current circuits of the instruments in accordance with their connection whenever this loss is
47、a measurable portion of the total power. Unless otherwise indicated all electrical quantities to be measured are root-mean-square values. SANS 60034-29:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. 8 60034-29 IEC:2008 5 Superposition met
48、hod 5.1 Basic principles 5.1.1 General Superposition tests may be applied to any d.c. or a.c. machine. The method comprises a series of tests at operating conditions other than rated load, for example: reduced load, no load, short circuit, reduced voltage, positive (inductive) or negative (capacitiv
49、e) reactive load. The method allows the full-load temperature rise of various component parts of the machine to be deduced. For each component, the loss shall be known at each particular test condition and at full load. The machine should be tested with the same cooling conditions as when operating at rated load. Hence, a locked-rotor test will not be suitable as the air-flow distribution and magnitudes will be incorrect. On completion of the individua
