1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22430-1 SANS 60815-1:2009 Edition 1 IEC/TS 60815-1:2008 Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Selection and dimensioning of high-voltag
4、e insulators intended for use in polluted conditions Part 1: Definitions, information and general principles This national standard is the identical implementation of IEC/TS 60815-1:2008 and is adopted with the permission of the International Electrotechnical Commission. Published by SABS Standards
5、Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. SANS 60815-1:2009 Edition 1 IEC/TS 60815-1:2008 Edition 1 Table
6、of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS SC 67D, Electricity distribution systems and components Insulators, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement
7、. This SANS document was published in March 2009. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. IEC/TS 60815-1 Edition 1.0 2008-10 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONSelection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted cond
8、itions Part 1: Definitions, information and general principles INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION XA ICS 29.080.10 PRICE CODE ISBN 2-8318-1015-4 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission SANS 60815-1:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscr
9、iption and freemailing clients of the SABS. 2 TS 60815-1 IEC:2008(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.4 1 Scope and object6 2 Normative references .7 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 7 3.1 Terms and definitions 7 3.2 Abbreviations 9 4 Proposed approaches for the selection and dimensioning of an insulator9 4.
10、1 Approach 110 4.2 Approach 210 4.3 Approach 310 5 Input parameters for the selection and dimensioning of insulators 12 6 System requirements12 7 Environmental conditions13 7.1 Identification of types of pollution 13 7.1.1 Type A pollution 13 7.1.2 Type B pollution 14 7.2 General types of environmen
11、ts14 7.3 Pollution severity.15 8 Evaluation of site pollution severity (SPS) 15 8.1 Site pollution severity 15 8.2 Site pollution severity evaluation methods .16 8.3 Site pollution severity (SPS) classes .17 9 Insulation selection and dimensioning 20 9.1 General description of the process 20 9.2 Gen
12、eral guidance on materials21 9.3 General guidance on profiles.21 9.4 Considerations on creepage distance and insulator length 23 9.5 Considerations for exceptional or specific applications or environments 23 9.5.1 Hollow insulators .23 9.5.2 Arid areas24 9.5.3 Proximity effects24 9.5.4 Orientation 2
13、4 9.5.5 Maintenance and palliative methods 25 Annex A (informative) Flowchart representation of the design approaches.26 Annex B (informative) Pollution flashover mechanisms 29 Annex C (normative) Measurement of ESDD and NSDD 32 Annex D (normative) Evaluation of type B pollution severity.38 Annex E
14、(normative) Directional dust deposit gauge measurements 40 Annex F (normative) Use of laboratory test methods44 Annex G (normative) Deterministic and statistical approaches for artificial pollution test severity and acceptance criteria.45 Annex H (informative) Example of a questionnaire to collect i
15、nformation on the behaviour of insulators in polluted areas48 Annex I (informative) Form factor.51 Annex J (informative) Correspondence between specific creepage distance and USCD.52 SANS 60815-1:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the S
16、ABS.TS 60815-1 IEC:2008(E) 3 Bibliography53 Figure 1 Type A site pollution severity Relation between ESDD/NSDD and SPS for the reference cap and pin insulator.18 Figure 2 Type A site pollution severity Relation between ESDD/NSDD and SPS for the reference long rod insulator 18 Figure 3 Type B site po
17、llution severity Relation between SES and SPS for reference insulators or a monitor 19 Figure C.1 Insulator strings for measuring ESDD and NSDD32 Figure C.2 Wiping of pollutants on insulator surface.34 Figure C.3 Value of b 35 Figure C.4 Relation between and Sa 36 20 Figure C.5 Procedure for measuri
18、ng NSDD37 Figure E.1 Directional dust deposit gauges 40 Figure G.1 Illustration for design based on the deterministic approach.46 Figure G.2 Stress/strength concept for calculation of risk for pollution flashover 46 Figure H.1 Form factor.51 Table 1 The three approaches to insulator selection and di
19、mensioning 11 Table 2 Input parameters for insulator selection and dimensioning.12 Table 3 Directional dust deposit gauge pollution index in relation to SPS class19 Table 4 Correction of site pollution severity class as a function of DDDG NSD levels.19 Table 5 Examples of typical environments .20 Ta
20、ble 6 Typical profiles and their main characteristics .22 Table D.1 Directional dust deposit gauge pollution index in relation to site pollution severity class42 Table D.2 Correction of site pollution severity class as a function of DDDG NSD levels42 Table J.1 Correspondence between specific creepag
21、e distance and unified specific creepage distance 52 SANS 60815-1:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. 4 TS 60815-1 IEC:2008(E) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ SELECTION AND DIMENSIONING OF HIGH-VOLTAGE INSULATORS IN
22、TENDED FOR USE IN POLLUTED CONDITIONS Part 1: Definitions, information and general principles FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of I
23、EC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS
24、) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising wit
25、h the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as ne
26、arly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in th
27、at sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committe
28、es undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC provides no marking proc
29、edure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or age
30、nts including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of,
31、 or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some
32、of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propo
33、se the publication of a technical specification when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts, or the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the future but no immediate possibilit
34、y of an agreement on an International Standard. Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standards. IEC/TS 60815-1, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 36
35、: Insulators. SANS 60815-1:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.TS 60815-1 IEC:2008(E) 5 This first edition of IEC/TS 60815-1 cancels and replaces IEC/TR 60815, which was issued as a technical report in 1986. It constitutes a tec
36、hnical revision and now has the status of a technical specification. The following major changes have been made with respect to IEC/TR 60815: Encouragement of the use of site pollution severity measurements, preferably over at least a year, in order to classify a site instead of the previous qualita
37、tive assessment (see below). Recognition that “solid” pollution on insulators has two components, one soluble quantified by ESDD, the other insoluble quantified by NSDD. Recognition that in some cases measurement of layer conductivity should be used for SPS determination. Use of the results of natur
38、al and artificial pollution tests to help with dimensioning and to gain more experience in order to promote future studies to establish a correlation between site and laboratory severities. Recognition that creepage length is not always the sole determining parameter. Recognition of the influence ot
39、her geometry parameters and of the varying importance of parameters according to the size, type and material of insulators. Recognition of the varying importance of parameters according to the type of pollution. The adoption of correction factors to attempt to take into account the influence of the
40、above pollution and insulator parameters. The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 36/264/DTS 36/270/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in the report on voting indicated
41、in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all the parts in the future IEC 60815 series, under the general title Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions, can be found on the
42、IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be transformed into an
43、International standard, reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. SANS 60815-1:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. 6 TS 60815-1 IEC
44、:2008(E) SELECTION AND DIMENSIONING OF HIGH-VOLTAGE INSULATORS INTENDED FOR USE IN POLLUTED CONDITIONS Part 1: Definitions, information and general principles 1 Scope and object IEC/TS 60815-1, which is a technical specification, is applicable to the selection of insulators, and the determination of
45、 their relevant dimensions, to be used in high-voltage systems with respect to pollution. For the purposes of this technical specification, the insulators are divided into the following broad categories, each dealt with in a specific part as follows: IEC/TS 60815-2 Ceramic and glass insulators for a
46、.c. systems; IEC/TS 60815-3 Polymeric insulators for a.c. systems; IEC/TS 60815-4 equivalent to 60815-2 for d.c. systems 1 ; IEC/TS 60815-5 equivalent to 60815-3 for d.c. systems 1 . This part of IEC 60815 gives general definitions, methods for the evaluation of pollution site severity (SPS) and out
47、lines the principles to arrive at an informed judgement on the probable behaviour of a given insulator in certain pollution environments. This technical specification is generally applicable to all types of external insulation, including insulation forming part of other apparatus. The term “insulato
48、r” is used hereafter to refer to any type of insulator. CIGRE C4 documents 1, 2, 3 2 , form a useful complement to this technical specification for those wishing to study in greater depth the performance of insulators under pollution. This technical specification does not deal with the effects of sn
49、ow, ice or altitude on polluted insulators. Although this subject is dealt with by CIGRE 1, 4, current knowledge is very limited and practice is too diverse. The object of this technical specification is to _ understand and identify parameters of the system, application, equipment and site influencing the pollution behaviour of insulators, understand and choose the appropriate approach to the design and sele
