1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22614-5 SANS 8539:2010Edition 2 ISO 8539:2009Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Forged steel lifting components for use with Grade 8
4、 chain This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 8539:2009 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 34
5、4 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 8539:2010 Edition 2 ISO 8539:2009 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 1020, Lifting equipment, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compli
6、ance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in January 2010. This SANS document supersedes SANS 8539:1986 (edition 1 as modified by nat. amdt 1:2002 and nat. amdt 2:2005). Reference numberISO 8539:2009(E)ISO 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO8539Second edition2009-03-15F
7、orged steel lifting components for use with Grade 8 chain Accessoires de levage en acier forg pour utilisation avec des chanes de Classe 8 SANS 8539:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8539:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF
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11、SO 2009 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in th
12、e country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2009 All rights reservedSANS 8539:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscr
13、iption and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8539:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Safety requirements . 2 4.1 General. 2 4.2 Materials 2 4.3 Heat treatment. 3 4.4 Manufacturing met
14、hods and workmanship . 4 4.5 Mechanical properties 4 5 Verification of safety requirements. 6 5.1 Qualification of personnel . 6 5.2 Type examination and type tests 6 5.3 Manufacturing examination . 7 5.4 Manufacturing tests 7 5.5 Test regime and acceptance criteria. 8 6 Marking 9 6.1 Components 9 6
15、.2 Load-bearing pins. 9 7 Manufacturers declaration 9 8 Instructions for use 9 Annex A (informative) Calculation of mechanical properties 10 Annex B (informative) Designation system for forged steel components Grade 8 11 Bibliography . 12 SANS 8539:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by
16、approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8539:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is no
17、rmally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in
18、 the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepa
19、re International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that so
20、me of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 8539 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 111, Round steel link chains, chain slings, components and accessories, Subcommittee SC 3, Com
21、ponents and accessories. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8539:1986), of which it is a technical revision. SANS 8539:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8539:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reser
22、ved vIntroduction The components covered by this International Standard are normally supplied to be part of a sling, but they may also be used for other applications. In such instances, it is important that the components design be checked to ensure its fitness for the intended use. SANS 8539:2010Th
23、is s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .SANS 8539:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8539:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Forged
24、 steel lifting components for use with Grade 8 chain 1 Scope This International Standard specifies general requirements for forged steel components of Grade 8 up to 63 t working load limit (WLL), mainly for use in chain slings in conformance with ISO 4778 and ISO 7593, steel wire rope slings in conf
25、ormance with ISO 7531, and textile slings intended for lifting objects, materials or goods. This International Standard is not applicable to hand forged components and welded links, nor is it applicable to other welded components. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispe
26、nsable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 643, Steels Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size ISO 7500-1, Metallic mate
27、rials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system EN 10025-2:2004, Hot rolled products of structural steels Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy structural steels EN 10228-1, N
28、on-destructive testing of steel forgings Part 1: Magnetic partical inspection EN 10228-2, Non-destructive testing of steel forgings Part 2: Penetrant testing 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 working load limit WLL maximum mass
29、that a component is authorized to sustain in general lifting service 3.2 manufacturing proof force MPF force applied to the component during the manufacturing proof test SANS 8539:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8539:2
30、009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved3.3 breaking force BF maximum force reached during the static tensile test of the component, at which the component fails to retain the load 3.4 traceability code series of letters and/or numbers marked on a component that enables its manufacturing history, inclu
31、ding the identity of the cast of steel used, to be traced 3.5 competent person designated person, suitably trained, qualified by knowledge and practical experience, and with the necessary instruction to enable the required test and examination to be carried out NOTE ISO 9001:2008, 6.2.2 gives guidan
32、ce on training 3.6 lot specified number of components from which samples are selected for testing purposes, and which have been manufactured from the same cast of steel and subjected to the same heat treatment process 4 Safety requirements 4.1 General 4.1.1 Articulation The dimensions of the forged
33、steel components shall be such as to ensure articulation so that the force imposed is transmitted in the intended direction. 4.1.2 Relative movement Parts of mechanical joining devices, such as pins and their securing elements, shall be so designed and manufactured that, after assembly, no unintende
34、d displacement can occur. The effects of wear, corrosion of securing elements or rough usage should be considered. 4.2 Materials 4.2.1 General Within the limitations given in 4.2.2 to 4.2.4 the manufacturer shall select the type of steel to be used so that the finished component, when suitably heat-
35、treated, conforms to the mechanical properties specified in this International Standard. 4.2.2 Type of steel The steel shall be produced by an electric process or by an oxygen blown process. 4.2.3 Deoxidation The steel shall be fully killed as defined in EN 10025-2:2004, 6.2.2, shall be stabilized a
36、gainst strain-age embrittlement, and shall have an austenitic grain size of 5 or finer when tested in accordance with ISO 643. SANS 8539:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8539:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3To ens
37、ure the forged steel components are stabilized against strain-age embrittlement during services, the steel shall contain at least 0,025 % aluminium. 4.2.4 Chemical composition The steel shall contain alloying elements in sufficient quantities so that the finished component, when heat-treated in acco
38、rdance with 4.3, not only conforms to the mechanical properties specified in this International Standard, but also possesses low temperature ductility adequate for working satisfactorily in the temperature range 40 C to +400 C. The steel shall contain at least two of the three alloying elements, in
39、the minimum percentages specified in Table 1. Table 1 Chemical composition of alloying elements Element Minimum mass content (in percent by mass) as determined by cast analysis Nickel 0,40 Chromium 0,40 Molybdenum 0,15 The steel shall contain no more sulfur and phosphorus than the limits given in Ta
40、ble 2. Table 2 Sulfur and phosphorus content Maximum mass content (in percent by mass) as determined by Element Cast analysis Check analysis Sulfur 0,025 0,030 Phosphorus 0,025 0,030 4.3 Heat treatment Each component shall be hardened from a temperature above the relevant AC3 point and tempered befo
41、re being subjected to the manufacturing proof force (MPF). The tempering temperature shall be a minimum of 400 C. The tempering conditions shall be at least as effective as a temperature of 400 C maintained for a period of 1 h. A method of verification is as follows. After the components have been r
42、eheated to and maintained for 1 h at 400 C and then cooled to room temperature, they should conform in the finished condition to Columns 3 and 4 of Table 3. Surface hardening shall not be permitted for load-bearing parts of the component. SANS 8539:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by
43、approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8539:2009(E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reserved4.4 Manufacturing methods and workmanship 4.4.1 Manufacture Each forged part of a component shall be forged hot in one piece. Excess metal from the forging operation shall be removed cleanly, le
44、aving the surface free of sharp edges. After heat treatment, furnace scale shall be removed. Edges of machined surfaces shall be rounded to eliminate cutting edges and to ensure attainment of mechanical properties of the component. Welding shall not be used during the manufacture of components unles
45、s a) none of the parts to be welded are load bearing, b) the area affected by the weld is not to be subjected to load under normal operating conditions or under any foreseeable misuse of the component, or c) the welding is completed before heat treatment. Care should be taken during welding to ensur
46、e that the mechanical properties of any load-bearing parts of the finished component are not affected. All welds shall be smoothly finished. 4.4.2 Surface finish The finished condition of components shall include any surface finish. NOTE Components are supplied in various surface finishes, e.g. desc
47、aled, electroplated or painted. 4.5 Mechanical properties 4.5.1 Manufacturing proof force Components, including load-bearing pins, if used, shall be able to withstand the manufacturing proof force (MPF) specified in Table 3. Following removal of the force, the dimensions shall be within the toleranc
48、es specified on the component manufacturers drawings. 4.5.2 Breaking force Components, including load-bearing pins, if used, shall have a breaking force (BF) at least equal to that specified in Table 3. On completion of the static tensile test, components shall show evidence of deformation. 4.5.3 Fa
49、tigue resistance Components, including load-bearing pins, if used, with a working load limit up to 32 t, shall withstand, without breaking, at least 20 000 cycles of application of the force range specified in 5.2.5. SANS 8539:2010This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 8539:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 5Table 3 Code number, working load limits and mechanical properties 1 2 3 4 Code number aWorking load limit WLL Manufacturing proof
