1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21109-7 SANS 939:2008Edition 1.4Any reference to SABS 939 is deemedto be a reference to this standard(Government Notice No. 1373 of 8 Nove
4、mber 2002)SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Polished twines Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 939:2008 Edition 1.4 Table of changes
5、Change No. Date Scope Amdt 1 1989 Amended to cover only polished twines made from flax, hemp, cotton, rayon staple and cotton-and-rayon staple mixtures, and to replace a standard method. Coll. amdt 1 1999 Amended to replace reference to SABS methods, which have been withdrawn and superseded, with re
6、ferences to SABS ISO methods. The SABS ISO methods cover colour fastness and quantitative textile fibre analysis. Amdt 2 2002 Amended to delete an acknowledgement, to amend the title and the definition for acceptable, to delete reference to withdrawn SABS SMs and replace these by SABS ISO test metho
7、ds, to delete columns 1 and 2 in appendix C, to amend appendix D and to include a bibliography. Amdt 3 2008 Amended to change the designation of SABS standards to SANS standards, and to remove reference to the standardization mark. Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Commit
8、tee StanSA SC 5110.01R, Textiles Threads, ropes, cordage and netting, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in April 2008. This document supersedes SABS 939:2002 (edition 1.3). A vertical line in the
9、margin shows where the text has been technically modified by amendment No. 3. SANS 939:2008 Edition 1.4 1 Contents Page Foreword 1 Scope 3 2 Definitions 3 3 Requirements . 4 4 Packing and marking 7 5 Sampling and compliance with the specification 8 6 Inspection and methods of test . 8 6.1 Inspection
10、 8 6.2 Test specimens . 8 6.3 Composition 8 6.4 Linear density 8 6.5 Breaking strength 8 6.6 Colour fastness to light 9 6.7 Colour fastness to washing . 9 6.8 Non-fibrous material content . 9 6.9 Rotproofing 9 6.10 Fungus resistance . 9 Appendix A (normative) Applicable standards 10 Appendix B (norm
11、ative) Notes to purchasers 10 Appendix C (informative) Equivalent breaking strength values in kgf . 11 Appendix D (informative) Quality verification of polished twines . 12 Bibliography 12 Amdt 2 SANS 939:2008 Edition 1.4 2 This page is intentionally left blank SANS 939:2008 Edition 1.4 3 Polished t
12、wines 1 Scope 1.1 This standard covers polished twines made from flax, hemp, cotton, rayon staple, and cotton-and-rayon staple mixtures. Amdt 1 NOTE a) The titles of standards referred to by number in the specification are given in appendix A. b) Requirements that shall be specified by the purchaser
13、 are listed in appendix B. c) The equivalent breaking strength values in kgf are given in appendix C. d) Arrangements for taking samples required in terms of 5.1(c) require special agreement between supplier and purchaser. Amdt 3 2 Definitions 2.1 For the purposes of this specification, the definiti
14、ons given in SANS 10004 and the following definitions shall apply: acceptable acceptable to the authority administrating this standard, or to the parties concluding the purchase contract, as relevant Amdt 2 join the join where two lengths of a twine are pieced together NOTE Under this definition joi
15、ns include laps, splices, and knots. laid deleted by amendment No. 1 linear density the mass per unit length lot deleted by amendment No. 1 package a reel, ball, or cone of twine SANS 939:2008 Edition 1.4 4 parcel a number of packages wrapped together in an acceptable wrapping runnage the length per
16、 unit mass shive deleted by amendment No. 1 strand deleted by amendment No. 1 strick deleted by amendment No. 1 treatment deleted by amendment No. 1 NOTE The majority of twines are less than 10 mm in diameter, have a runnage of more than 20 m/kg and a breaking strength of less than 2 700 N but some
17、twines exceed these limits and some ropes fall within them. 3 Requirements 3.1 Fibre The fibre shall be flax, hemp, cotton, rayon, or a mixture of cotton and rayon, of a quality and a fineness that allows the twine to comply with the requirements of 3.2 and 3.8. When tested in accordance with 6.3, t
18、he fibre shall be true to type as follows: Amdt 1 a) deleted by amendment No. 1; a) flax (Linum usitatissimum); b) hemp (Cannabis sativa); c) cotton (Gossypium); d) viscose rayon. 3.2 General The fibre shall be well prepared and the yarns shall be well and evenly spun. Strands and twines shall be we
19、ll formed and free from grooves and sunken yarns. Twines shall be well twisted and acceptably free from defects such as stains. They shall be delivered in a clean and commercially dry condition. When tested in accordance with 6.4 and 6.5 and subject to the relevant tolerance given in SANS 977, they
20、shall comply with the requirements given in tables 2 to 4 (inclusive) appropriate to the type of twine specified by the purchaser. The twine in each package shall be in one continuous length and free from joins subject to a tolerance of one join per 2 kg of twine in a lot. Amdt 2 SANS 939:2008 Editi
21、on 1.4 5 Table 1 Polished jute twine Deleted by amendment No. 1. Table 2 Polished flax twine 1 2 3 4 5 Linear density Breaking strength Type Ply tex ktex N, min. PFT 1 3 320 85 PFT 2 3 280 67 PFT 3 3 250 62 PFT 4 3 1,5 36 PFT 5 6 560 155 PFT 6 3 280 555 PFT 7 2 420 105 PFT 8 3 640 155 PFT 9 4 840 21
22、5 PFT 10 5 1,1 285 PFT 11 6 640 155 PFT 12 9 1,1 260 PFT 13 12 2,3 490 Table 3 Polished hemp twine 1 2 3 4 5 Linear density Breaking strength Type Ply tex ktex N, min. PHT 1 2 8,4 1 250 PHT 2 2 3,6 580 PHT 3 3 5,6 735 PHT 4 3 3,6 445 PHT 5 4 7,2 980 PHT 6 5 8,6 1 110 PHT 7 6 10,5 1 330 PHT 8 2 1,8 2
23、65 PHT 9 3 2,8 445 PHT 10 4 3,6 580 PHT 11 5 4,4 710 PHT 12 6 5,6 800 PHT 13 7 6,8 860 PHT 14 8 7,2 955 PHT 15 9 8,4 1 110 PHT 16C 3 3 9,6 1 110 PHT 17 2 920 135 PHT 18 3 1,4 220 PHT 19 3 920 185 PHT 20 3 560 110 SANS 939:2008 Edition 1.4 6 Table 4 Polished cotton, rayon, and cotton-and-rayon twines
24、 1 2 3 4 5 6 Linear density Breaking strength Type Strands Yarns per strand tex ktex N, min. CP1 3 3 480 58 CP2 1 3 640 67 CP3 1 4 840 89 CP4 1 6 1,25 120 CP5 3 3 2,0 200 CP6 3 4 2,6 245 CP7 3 6 3,8 400 CP8 3 7 4,0 465 CP9 3 8 5,2 490 CP10 3 9 5,6 555 CP11 3 12 7,8 625 3.3 Finish The twine shall be
25、polished with a good quality size. The appearance and handle shall be acceptable. 3.4 Direction of twist The direction of twist of the twine shall be S or Z, as specified by the purchaser. 3.5 Colour When so required by the purchaser, twines shall be dyed, and the colour shall be an acceptable match
26、 to that specified by the purchaser. Black twines shall not be dyed with sulphur dyes. 3.6 Colour fastness to light When colour fastness to light (of dyed twines) is specified by the purchaser, the rating, determined in accordance with 6.6, shall be not lower than 5. 3.7 Colour fastness to washing W
27、hen colour fastness to washing (of dyed twines) is specified by the purchaser, the numerical ratings for change in colour of the dyed twine and staining of the transfer cloths, determined in accordance with 6.7, shall be not lower than 4. 3.8 Non-fibrous material content The non-fibrous material con
28、tent, detemined in accordance with 6.8, shall not exceed 15 per cent (by mass). 3.9 Rotproofing When so specified by the purchaser the twine shall be rotproof and shall comply with the following requirements: SANS 939:2008 Edition 1.4 7 a) After weathering. When tested in accordance with 6.9(a), the
29、 breaking strength of the rotproofed twine shall be not less than the breaking strength of the corresponding unrotproofed twine tested at the same time in accordance with 6.9(a). b) After weathering and fungal attack (Chaetomium globosum). When tested in accordance with 6.9(b), the breaking strength
30、 of the rotproofed twine shall be at least 90 per cent of the breaking strength of the weathered rotproofed twine (see (a) above). c) After weathering and soil burial. When tested in accordance with 6.9(c), the breaking strength of the rotproofed twine shall be at least 90 per cent of the breaking s
31、trength of the weathered rotproofed twine (see (a) above). 3.10 Fungus resistance When so specified by the purchaser the twine shall be fungal resistant and, when tested in accordance with 6.10, the breaking strength of the treated twine shall be at least 90 per cent of the breaking strength of the
32、corresponding untreated twine tested at the same time in accordance with 6.10. NOTE The fungal resistance treatment shall not include the use of any surface active or wetting agent which lowers the interfacial tension between water and twine. 4 Packing and marking 4.1 Packing Twines shall be supplie
33、d in packages of size or mass (or both) as specified by the purchaser. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, each parcel shall contain the same number of packages. Only packages of twine of the same type, colour, and treatment shall be wrapped together in a parcel and, unless otherwise specif
34、ied by the purchaser, packed together in a bulk container. 4.2 Marking 4.2.1 Parcels The following information shall appear in legible and indelible marking on the outside of each parcel: a) manufacturers name or trade mark or both; b) type and (if applicable) colour; c) where applicable, the words
35、“ROTPROOFED“ or “FUNGAL RESISTANT“; and d) quantity, package type (i.e. reel, ball, or cone) and size or mass (or both). 4.2.2 Bulk containers The following information shall appear in legible and indelible marking on the outside of each bulk container: a) information required in terms of 4.2.1; and
36、 b) quantity of parcels. 4.2.3 Additional markings When so required by the purchaser, bulk containers shall bear information additional to that specified in 4.2.2. SANS 939:2008 Edition 1.4 8 5 Sampling and compliance with the specification1)5.1 Sampling The following sampling procedure shall be app
37、lied in determining whether a lot complies with the relevant requirements of the specification. The samples so drawn shall be deemed to represent the lot. After inspecting the bulk containers for compliance with section 4, take at random from the lot a) from lots of size not exceeding 10 000 package
38、s: 1 package unit from each 500 package units, but take at least 2 package units; b) from lots of size exceeding 10 000 package units: 20 package units plus 1 package unit for each 1 000 package units by which the lot size exceeds 10 000 package units; c) in the case of rotproofed or fungus resistan
39、t twines: an equal number of package units of twine in the untreated state. 5.2 Compliance The lot shall be deemed to comply with the requirements of the specification if after inspection and testing of the sample drawn in accordance with 5.1(a) or (b), as relevant, no defective is found. 6 Inspecti
40、on and methods of test 6.1 Inspection Inspect the sample for compliance with the requirements (other than linear density and breaking strength) of 3.2, 3.3, 3.4 and (when relevant) 3.5. 6.2 Test specimens Condition all the test samples and test specimens in accordance with SANS 70. Using the methods
41、 given in 6.3 to 6.10 inclusive, carry out the tests for compliance with the remaining relevant requirements on each package unit taken in accordance with 5.1. 6.3 Composition Carry out physical, microscopical, and chemical tests on representative fibres to determine whether the sample complies with
42、 3.1. 6.4 Linear density Measure off a 50 m length on a wrap reel fitted with a suitable traversing mechanism that prevents overlapping of the twine. Weigh the measured length and calculate the linear density. 6.5 Breaking strength Use SANS 2062. Amdt 2 1) This section applies to the sampling for in
43、spection and testing before acceptance or rejection of single lots (consignments) in cases where no information about the implementation of quality control or testing during manufacture is available to help in assessing the quality of the lot. It is also used as the procedure for adjudicating in cas
44、es of dispute. SANS 939:2008 Edition 1.4 9 6.6 Colour fastness to light Use SANS 105-B02. Coll. amdt 1 6.7 Colour fastness to washing Use SANS 105-C03. Coll. amdt 1 6.8 Non-fibrous material content Use SANS 5114 (using petroleum ether as the reagent) but determine in each case the conditioned mass n
45、ot the oven-dry mass. 6.9 Rotproofing a) Weathering. From each test sample taken in accordance with 5.1(a) or (b), as relevant, and 5.1(c), cut 20 test specimens of suitable length (see SANS 2062), and weather them for 100 hours in accordance with SANS 481. Then, using SANS 2062, determine the mean
46、breaking strength of each set of specimens. Amdt 2 b) Weathering and fungal attack (Chaetomium globosum). From each test sample taken in accordance with 5.1(a) or (b), as relevant, cut 20 test specimens (see (a) above). Weather them for 100 hours in accordance with SANS 481 and then test them in acc
47、ordance with SANS 5277 and, using SANS 2062, determine the mean breaking strength. Amdt 2 c) Weathering and soil burial. From each test sample taken in accordance with 5.1(a) or (b), as relevant, cut 20 test specimens (see (a) above). Weather them for 100 hours in accordance with SANS 481 and then t
48、est them in accordance with SANS 5469 and, using SANS 2062, determine the mean breaking strength. Amdt 2 6.10 Fungus resistance From each test sample taken in accordance with 5.1(a) or (b), as relevant, cut 20 test specimens of suitable length (see SANS 2062), and test them in accordance with SANS 5
49、277. Then, using SANS 2062, determine the mean breaking strength of the treated specimens and of 20 specimens cut from each test sample taken in accordance with 5.1(c). Amdt 2 SANS 939:2008 Edition 1.4 10 Appendix A (normative) Applicable standards Reference is made to the latest issues of the following standards: SANS 70, Conditioning of textiles and standard temperate atmosphere for determining their physical and mechanical properties. Amdt 1; amdt 2 SANS 481, Accelerated weathering of
