1、 Copyright 2016 by THE SOCIETY OF MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION ENGINEERS 3 Barker Avenue, White Plains, NY 10601 (914) 761-1100 Approved May 18, 2016 SMPTE STANDARD Table of Contents Page Foreword . 2 Intellectual Property 2 Introduction 2 1 Scope . 3 2 Conformance Notation . 3 3 Normative Referenc
2、es . 3 4 Glossary of Acronyms, Terms and Data Types . 4 5 Mapping VC-3 into the MXF Generic Container 4 5.1 VC-3 Coding Summary (Informative) . 4 5.2 Frame Wrapping (Informative) . 4 5.3 Clip Wrapping (Informative) . 5 6 KLV Coding of VC-3 Coding Units . 6 6.1 Essence Element Key 6 6.1.1 Essence Ele
3、ment Count Byte 14 . 6 6.1.2 Essence Element Type Byte 15 6 6.1.3 Essence Element Number Byte 16 6 6.2 Length 7 6.3 Value 7 6.3.1 Frame-wrapped 7 6.3.2 Clip-wrapped . 7 7 SMPTE Label for VC-3 Essence Container Identification 7 8 SMPTE Label for VC-3 Picture Essence Compression . 8 9 Essence Descript
4、ors for VC-3 9 10 Application Issues 11 10.1 Alignment . 11 10.2 Index Tables . 11 Annex A Bibliography (Informative) . 12 Revision Notes 13 Page 1 of 13 pages Mapping VC-3 Coding Units into the MXF Generic Container SMPTE ST 2019-4:2016 Revision of SMPTE ST 2019-4:2014 SMPTE ST 2019-4:2016 Page 2 o
5、f 13 pages Foreword SMPTE (the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) is an internationally-recognized standards developing organization. Headquartered and incorporated in the United States of America, SMPTE has members in over 80 countries on six continents. SMPTEs Engineering Document
6、s, including Standards, Recommended Practices and Engineering Guidelines, are prepared by SMPTEs Technology Committees. Participation in these Committees is open to all with a bona fide interest in their work. SMPTE cooperates closely with other standards-developing organizations, including ISO, IEC
7、 and ITU. SMPTE Engineering Documents are drafted in accordance with the rules given in its Standards Operations Manual. SMPTE ST 2019-4 was prepared by the 31FS Technology Committee. Intellectual Property SMPTE draws attention to the fact that it is claimed that compliance with this Standard may in
8、volve the use of one or more patents or other intellectual property rights (collectively, “IPR“). The Society takes no position concerning the evidence, validity, or scope of this IPR. Each holder of claimed IPR has assured the Society that it is willing to License all IPR it owns, and any third par
9、ty IPR it has the right to sublicense, that is essential to the implementation of this Standard to those (Members and non-Members alike) desiring to implement this Standard under reasonable terms and conditions, demonstrably free of discrimination. Each holder of claimed IPR has filed a statement to
10、 such effect with SMPTE. Information may be obtained from the Director, Standards or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required; or that (in the negative form) a certain possibility or course of action is deprecated but not prohibited. The keywords “may“ and “need not“
11、 indicate courses of action permissible within the limits of the document. The keyword “reserved” indicates a provision that is not defined at this time, shall not be used, and may be defined in the future. The keyword “forbidden” indicates “reserved” and in addition indicates that the provision wil
12、l never be defined in the future. A conformant implementation according to this document is one that includes all mandatory provisions (“shall“) and, if implemented, all recommended provisions (“should“) as described. A conformant implementation need not implement optional provisions (“may“) and nee
13、d not implement them as described. 3 Normative References Note: All references in this document to other SMPTE documents use the current numbering style (e.g. SMPTE ST 379-1:2009) although, during a transitional phase, the document as published (printed or PDF) may bear an older designation (such as
14、 SMPTE 379-1-2009). Documents with the same root number (e.g. 379-1) and publication year (e.g. 2009) are functionally identical. The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicat
15、ed were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standards indicated below. SMPTE ST 377-1:2011, Material Exchange Format (MXF) File Format Specification Ame
16、ndment 1:2012 to SMPTE ST 377-1:2011 Amendment 2:2012 to SMPTE ST 377-1:2011 SMPTE ST 2019-4:2016 Page 4 of 13 pages SMPTE ST 379-1:2009, Material Exchange Format (MXF) MXF Generic Container SMPTE ST 400:2012, SMPTE Labels Structure SMPTE ST 2019-1:2016, VC-3 Picture Compression and Data Stream Form
17、at 4 Glossary of Acronyms, Terms and Data Types The general glossary of acronyms, terms and data types used in the MXF specification is given in SMPTE ST 377-1 and is supplemented in SMPTE ST 379-1. These glossaries are not repeated here to avoid any divergence of meaning. Definitions of terms, abbr
18、eviations and symbols relating to VC-3 are given in SMPTE ST 2019-1. 5 Mapping VC-3 into the MXF Generic Container 5.1 VC-3 Coding Summary (Informative) VC-3 is a picture-by-picture coding scheme where each picture is entirely independent and can be extracted as an independent entity. Moreover, the
19、coding units can be simply concatenated to form a sequence of compressed pictures. VC-3 is defined by SMPTE ST 2019-1, VC-3 Picture Compression and Data Stream Format. A VC-3 compressed bit stream is comprised of continuously concatenated Coding Units. A Coding Unit consists of a Header of 640 bytes
20、, a Compressed Payload, and an End-Of-Frame (EOF) signature of 4 bytes. VC-3 Coding Units are concatenated to form Compressed Frames. For progressive-scan video, a Compressed Frame consists of a single Coding Unit. For interlaced video, a Compressed Frame consists of a pair of Coding Units, one for
21、each field. Please refer to SMPTE ST 2019-1 for further details. 5.2 Frame Wrapping (Informative) The “Frame Wrapping“ methods for VC-3 are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. Figure 1 shows a series of images each wrapped in a single Content Package with no other Generic Container Elements in the Conta
22、iner. Each Content Package has the duration of one VC-3 Compressed Frame. 1 CF 1 CF 1 CF 1 CF 1 CF K L V K L V K L V K L V K L V Pictu re Ele m e n t Pictu re Ele m e n t Pictu re Ele m e n t Pictu re Ele m e n t Pictu re Ele m e n t Figure 1 Simple Representation of Frame Wrapping The Frame Wrappin
23、g method enables Frame by Frame access by MXF applications which process at the KLV level. This can be particularly useful for applications which support multiple Generic Container mapping types, for example, MXF Operational Pattern OP-1A. SMPTE ST 2019-4:2016 Page 5 of 13 pages Sufficient Informati
24、on is provided to allow individual Frames to be identified at the KLV level without an MXF decoder having to parse or decode the Essence Data. Each VC-3 Compressed Frame is KLV wrapped using a GC Picture Element Key. In some applications, the Frame Wrapped VC-3 picture data will exist in Content Pac
25、kages with other Elements such as Sound and Data Elements. An example Generic Container is shown in Figure 2. 1 CF K L V K L S o u n d E lem e n t V V K L Dat a E lem e n t P ictu re E lem e n t K L S o u n d E lem e n t V S o u n d Ite m 1 CF K L V K L S o u n d E lem e n t V V K L Dat a E lem e n
26、t P ictu re E lem e n t K L S o u n d E lem e n t V S o u n d Ite m Figure 2 Frame Wrapping with other GC Elements The Generic Container Mapping Specifications for the Sound and Data Elements will detail the Key values and format of the data within the elements. In this wrapping mode, the Sound and
27、Data Elements will follow the guidance given in SMPTE ST 379-1, Section 5.4 concerning placement of the synchronized samples in Essence Containers. 5.3 Clip Wrapping (Informative) The “Clip Wrapping“ methods for VC-3 are shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4. In Clip wrapping, KLV encoding wraps the whole
28、of the VC-3 stream that could contain a single frame or thousands of frames. Any other elements in the Generic Container could also be clip wrapped. K L 1 CF 1 CF 1 CF 1 CF 1 CF V P ict u re E le m e n t Figure 3 Simple Representation of Clip Wrapping a Video Stream The Clip Wrapping method is inten
29、ded for applications which carry the VC-3 stream as a single large entity. This can be very useful in applications where it is desired to use the rich metadata structures of MXF as an annotation to VC-3 data and also in applications such as store and forward servers which process whole files. The cl
30、ip of VC-3 data is KLV wrapped using an appropriate key as detailed in Section 6. When VC-3 data is Clip wrapped, there could be only one clip per Generic Container. Single Clips can be wrapped as atomic MXF files, for example, using MXF Operational Pattern OP-Atom. Multiple Clips can be concatenate
31、d and edited using the Operational Pattern mechanism detailed in the MXF format document. In some applications, the Clip Wrapped VC-3 data will exist in a Content Package with other Elements such as Sound and Data Elements. An example Generic Container is shown in Figure 4. SMPTE ST 2019-4:2016 Page
32、 6 of 13 pages K L 1 CF 1 CF 1 CF 1 CF V K L K L P ictu re E lem e n t S o u n d E l e m e n t Dat a E le m e n t V V K L S o u n d E l e m e n t V S o u n d Ite m Figure 4 Clip Wrapping with other GC Elements The Generic Container Mapping Specifications for the Sound and Data Elements will detail t
33、he Key values and format of the data within the elements. Note that in this wrapping mode, the duration of Sound and Data Elements is intended to be that of the entire clip. 6 KLV Coding of VC-3 Coding Units 6.1 Essence Element Key The values of the first 12 bytes of the essence element Key are defi
34、ned in SMPTE ST 379-1. The values of the last four bytes of the Picture Element Key shall be as given in Table 1. Table 1 Key Value for the VC-3 Picture Element Byte No. Description Value (hex) Meaning 112 Defined in SMPTE ST 379-1 See SMPTE ST 379-1 13 Item Type Identifier 15h GC Picture Item (as d
35、efined in SMPTE ST 379-1) 14 Essence Element Count kkh Count of Picture Elements in the Picture item 15 Essence Element Type 0Ch 0Dh Frame-wrapped VC-3 Picture Element Clip-wrapped VC-3 Picture Element 16 Essence Element Number nnh The Number (used as an Index) of this Picture Element in the Picture
36、 Item 6.1.1 Essence Element Count Byte 14 This shall be a count of the number of Picture Elements in the Picture Item of the Generic Container, typically 1. 6.1.2 Essence Element Type Byte 15 The value of 0Ch identifies that each VC-3 Compressed Frame is frame-wrapped. The value of 0Dh identifies th
37、at the sequence of VC-3 Compressed Frames are clip-wrapped. 6.1.3 Essence Element Number Byte 16 This is a number used as an index to identify this instance of the Element Type within the Picture Item. Each Element within an Item shall have a unique value between 00h and 7Fh, as defined by SMPTE ST
38、379-1, which shall remain constant within the Generic Container. SMPTE ST 2019-4:2016 Page 7 of 13 pages 6.2 Length The length field should be 4 byte BER long-form encoded (i.e., 83h.xx.yy.zz) for frame-based wrapping and should be 8 byte BER long-form encoded (i.e., 87h.aa.bb.cc.dd.ee.ff.gg) for cl
39、ip-based wrapping. Decoders shall conform to SMPTE ST 377-1. The length field shall comply with SMPTE ST 379-1, Section 5.5.1. 6.3 Value 6.3.1 Frame-wrapped The value field shall comprise a single VC-3 Compressed Frame as defined in SMPTE ST 2019-1. 6.3.2 Clip-wrapped The value field shall comprise
40、a sequence of one or more concatenated VC-3 Compressed Frames where each VC-3 Compressed Frame is as defined in SMPTE ST 2019-1. 7 SMPTE Label for VC-3 Essence Container Identification The values for the Essence Container UL shall be as given in Table 2. Table 2 Specification of the Essence Containe
41、r Label Byte No. Description Value (hex) Meaning 1-12 Defined by Generic Container See SMPTE ST 379-1 As defined in SMPTE ST 379-1 13 Essence Container Kind 02h MXF Generic Container 14 Mapping Kind 11h VC-3 Picture Element (as listed in SMPTE RP 224) 15 Content Kind 01h 02h Frame- wrapped Picture E
42、lement Clip- wrapped Picture Element 16 Reserved 00h The Essence Container UL is used within a batch of ULs in Partition Packs and the Preface set and on its own in the Essence Descriptor. These UL values are listed in the SMPTE Labels Register, RP 224. SMPTE ST 2019-4:2016 Page 8 of 13 pages 8 SMPT
43、E Label for VC-3 Picture Essence Compression The values for the Picture Essence Compression UL shall be as given in Table 3. Table 3 Specification of the Picture Essence Compression Label Byte No. Description Value (hex) Meaning 1-8 Registry Designator See SMPTE ST 400 Designator value is defined in
44、 SMPTE ST 400 9 Parametric 04h Node used to define parametric data 10 Picture Essence 01h Identifies picture essence coding 11 Picture Coding Characteristics 02h Identifies picture coding characteristics 12 Specialized Compression Schemes 02h Identifies specialized compression 13 VC-3 Picture Coding
45、 71h Identifies VC-3 picture coding 14 VC-3 Picture Coding Variant xxh Identifies VC-3 Compression ID according to SMPTE ST 2019-1 (See Table 4) 15 Unused 00h Unused 16 Unused 00h Unused The correspondence between Byte 14 in Table 3 and the VC-3 Compression ID described in SMPTE ST 2019-1 is as give
46、n in Table 4. SMPTE ST 2019-4:2016 Page 9 of 13 pages Table 4 Picture Essence Compression UL Byte 14 Picture Essence Compression UL Byte 14 SMPTE ST 2019-1 Compression ID Meaning 01h 1235 Progressive, 1920x1080, 10 bit, high ext. 03h 1237 Progressive, 1920x1080, 8 bit, medium 04h 1238 Progressive, 1
47、920x1080, 8 bit, high 07h 1241 Interlaced, 1920x1080, 10 bit 08h 1242 Interlaced, 1920x1080, 8 bit, medium 09h 1243 Interlaced, 1920x1080, 8 bit, high 0Ah 1244 Interlaced, 1440x540, 8bit, medium 10h 1250 Progressive, 1280x720, 10 bit 11h 1251 Progressive, 1280x720, 8 bit, high 12h 1252 Progressive,
48、1280x720, 8 bit, medium 13h 1253 Progressive, 1920x1080, 8 bit, low 16h 1256 Progressive, 1920x1080, 10-bit, RGB, 444 18h 1258 Progressive, 960x720, 8-bit, low 19h 1259 Progressive, 1440x1080, 8-bit, low 1Ah 1260 Interlaced, 1440x540, 8-bit, low 24h 1270 Progressive, RI, 10/12-bit, RGB/YCC, 444 25h
49、1271 Progressive, RI, 10/12-bit, 4:2:2(:4)/4:2:0(:4), high ext. 26h 1272 Progressive, RI, 8-bit, 4:2:2(:4)/4:2:0(:4), high 27h 1273 Progressive, RI, 8-bit, 4:2:2(:4)/4:2:0(:4), medium 28h 1274 Progressive, RI, 8-bit, 4:2:0, low The Picture Essence Compression UL is used in the Generic Picture Essence Descriptor. This UL is listed in RP 224, SMPTE Labels Register. 9 Essence Descriptors for VC-3 The File Descriptor sets are those structural metadata sets in the Header Metadata that d
