1、 ANSI/TIA/EIA-136-440-E-2014 APPROVED: AUGUST 28, 2014 WITHDRAWN: JUNE 12, 2015 TIA/EIA-136-440-E (Revision of TIA/EIA-136-440-D) August 2014TDMA Third Generation Wireless Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) Codec NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest thro
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19、 SUCH DAMAGES. THE FOREGOING NEGATION OF DAMAGES IS A FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENT OF THE USE OF THE CONTENTS HEREOF, AND THESE CONTENTS WOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS. 1. Foreword This foreword is not part of TIA/EIA-136-440 TIA/EIA-136 is a multi-part standard that when taken in tot
20、al, defines the requirements for a PCS/Cellular system and mobile stations using Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) technology while also maintaining compatibility with AMPS analog technology. The parts comprising the standard are listed in TIA/EIA-136-000. TIA/EIA-136-440 provides a description o
21、f the AMR speech service, including speech coding, channel coding and link adaptation. TIA/EIA-136-440 was developed by TR45.3.5, the Speech coding Working Group of TR-45.3, the TIA/EIA TDMA Wireless Standards Subcommittee. This document references publications developed by ETSI (European Telecommun
22、ications Standards Institute). These referenced publications are freely available at http:/www.etsi.org. TIA welcomes suggestions for improvement of this standard. Please send suggestions to the following address: Telecommunications Industry Association 2500 Wilson Boulevard - Suite 300 Arlington VA
23、 22201-3836 ANSI/TIA/EIA-136-440-E-2014 i Contents 1. Foreword This foreword is not part of TIA/EIA-136-440 . iii 2. Scope . 1 3. Introduction . 2 4. References and Definitions . 3 4.1 References (Normative) . 3 4.2 Terminology 5 5. Overview of the AMR System 6 6. Speech Coding (Adaptive Multi-Rate)
24、 . 8 6.1 DTX . 8 7. Noise Suppression 10 8. Link Adaptation 11 8.1 Setup Procedure . 11 8.1.1 Definition of the AMR Active Codec Set 12 8.1.2 Default AMR Configuration 13 8.1.3 AMR Configuration Order Link Information Element 13 8.1.4 Initial Codec Mode Selection at Call Setup and Handover . 14 8.1.
25、5 Definition of Codec Mode Command/Request Decision Thresholds 14 8.2 Inband Signaling 16 8.3 Out-of-Band Signaling 17 8.3.1 Inband Signaling During DTX 17 8.3.2 AMR Configuration Using FACCH 17 8.4 Codec Mode Adaptation 17 8.4.1 Channel Quality Measure 17 8.4.2 Generation of Codec Mode Commands and
26、 Requests 18 8.4.3 Reference C/(I+N) Performance 18 8.4.4 Performance Requirements 19 8.4.4.1 Performance of the Codec Mode Request Generation 19 8.4.4.2 MS Response to the Codec Mode Command . 20 8.4.4.3 BS Response to the Codec Mode Request 20 8.5 Transmitter/Receiver Inband Channel Synchronizatio
27、n 20 9. Optimization for Tandem Free Operation 23 9.1 Operation with Ongoing TFO 23 9.2 DTX with Ongoing TFO . 23 9.3 Comfort Noise in DL with TFO 23 9.4 Operation during Handoff with Ongoing TFO 24 10. Channel Coding . 25 10.1 Definitions of Terms, Nomenclature and Assumptions . 26 10.2 Overview .
28、26 10.3 Interleaving Options 27 ANSI/TIA/EIA-136-440-E-2014 ii10.4 Subjective Ordering 27 10.5 Channel Coding Mobile Station 28 10.5.1 Speech Data Classes . 30 10.5.2 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) 30 10.5.3 Convolutional Encoding . 31 10.5.4 Channel Encoding for the Inband Channel . 40 10.5.5 Mergin
29、g of Data Blocks 41 10.5.6 Puncturing and Mapping to 8PSK Symbols . 42 10.5.7 Interleaving . 42 10.5.8 Mapping to Time Slots . 43 10.6 Channel Coding Base Station 43 10.6.1 Speech Data Classes . 44 10.6.2 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) 45 10.6.3 Convolutional Encoding . 45 10.6.4 Channel Encoding for
30、 the Inband Channel . 54 10.6.5 Merging of Data Blocks 54 10.6.6 Puncturing and Mapping to 8PSK Symbols . 55 10.6.7 Interleaving . 55 10.6.8 Mapping to Time Slots . 56 11. Change History for TIA/EIA-136-440 58 Annex A. (Informative) Example Solution for Link Quality Estimation . 60 Annex B. (Informa
31、tive): Example Definition of Mode Command/Request Decision Thresholds . 62 Annex C. (Normative): Puncturing and Mapping . 64 C.1 Full-rate Uplink with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 64 C.2 Half-rate Uplink with 2-slot Interleaving 80 C.3 Full-rate Downlink with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving 92 C.
32、4 Half-rate Downlink with 3-slot Interleaving . 108 ANSI/TIA/EIA-136-440-E-2014 iii Tables Table 1. Active Codec Set (ACS) Bit Map 12 Table 2. Codec Mode Information Encoding 13 Table 3. Link Information Element . 13 Table 4. Definition of Threshold and Hysteresis . 15 Table 5. Encoding of Threshold
33、s . 16 Table 6. Encoding of Hysteresis 16 Table 7. Reference C/(I+N) Performance for Full-Rate 19 Table 8. Reference C/(I+N) Performance for Half-Rate . 19 Table 9. Interleaving Formats for Full-rate . 27 Table 10. Interleaving Format for Half-rate 27 Table 11. Speech Encoder Frame Size for Each Mod
34、e . 28 Table 12. Bit Classification for Full-rate Uplink . 30 Table 13. Bit Classification for Half-rate Uplink 30 Table 14. Encoding of the Inband Channel . 41 Table 15. Merging of Data Blocks Before Purncturing and Mapping to Symbols 42 Table 16. Full-rate Uplink . 43 Table 17. Half-rate Uplink 43
35、 Table 18. Bit Classification for Full-rate Downlink 45 Table 19. Bit Classification for Half-rate Downlink . 45 Table 20. Merging of Data Blocks Before Purncturing and Mapping to Symbols 55 Table 21. Full-rate Downlink 56 Table 22. Half-rate Downlink, First Half Slot User 56 Table 23. Half-rate Dow
36、nlink, Second Half Slot User 57 Table 24. Filter Coefficients of C/(I+N) Measuring Filter for AMR on FRUL, FRDL and HRDL 60 Table 25. Filter Coefficients of C/(I+N) Measuring Filter for AMR on Half-rate Uplink 60 Table 26. CMC/CMR Decision Thresholds for AMR on Full-rate . 62 Table 27. CMC/CMR Decis
37、ion Thresholds for AMR on Half-rate 62 Table 28. Puncturing and Mapping for MR122FRUL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 64 Table 29. Puncturing and Mapping for MR102FRUL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 66 Table 30. Puncturing and Mapping for MR795FRUL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving .
38、68 Table 31. Puncturing and Mapping for MR74FRUL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 70 Table 32. Puncturing and Mapping for MR67FRUL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 72 Table 33. Puncturing and Mapping for MR59FRUL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 74 Table 34. Puncturing and Mapping for
39、 MR515FRUL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 76 Table 35. Puncturing and Mapping for MR475FRUL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 78 Table 36. Puncturing and Mapping for MR795HRUL with 2-slot Interleaving 80 Table 37. Puncturing and Mapping for MR74HRUL with 2-slot Interleaving 82 Table 38. P
40、uncturing and Mapping for MR67HRUL with 2-slot Interleaving 84 Table 39. Puncturing and Mapping for MR59HRUL with 2-slot Interleaving 86 Table 40. Puncturing and Mapping for MR515HRUL with 2-slot Interleaving 88 Table 41. Puncturing and Mapping for MR475HRUL with 2-slot Interleaving 90 ANSI/TIA/EIA-
41、136-440-E-2014 iv Table 42. Puncturing and Mapping for MR122FRDL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 92 Table 43. Puncturing and Mapping for MR102FRDL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 94 Table 44. Puncturing and Mapping for MR795FRDL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 96 Table 45. Puncturi
42、ng and Mapping for MR74FRDL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 98 Table 46. Puncturing and Mapping for MR67FRDL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 100 Table 47. Puncturing and Mapping for MR59FRDL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 102 Table 48. Puncturing and Mapping for MR515FRDL with 2-s
43、lot and 3-slot Interleaving . 104 Table 49. Puncturing and Mapping for MR475FRDL with 2-slot and 3-slot Interleaving . 106 Table 50. Puncturing and Mapping for MR795HRDL with 3-slot Interleaving . 108 Table 51. Puncturing and Mapping for MR74HRDL with 3-slot Interleaving . 109 Table 52. Puncturing a
44、nd Mapping for MR67HRDL with 3-slot Interleaving . 110 Table 53. Puncturing and Mapping for MR59HRDL with 3-slot Interleaving . 111 Table 54. Puncturing and Mapping for MR515HRDL with 3-slot Interleaving . 112 Table 55. Puncturing and Mapping for MR475HRDL with 3-slot Interleaving . 113 ANSI/TIA/EIA
45、-136-440-E-2014 v Figures Figure 1. High Level AMR Block Diagram 7 Figure 2. Definition of Threshold and Hysteresis for Codec Mode Adaptation . 15 Figure 3. Overview of the Full-rate Uplink Channel Encoding 29 Figure 4. Overview of the Half-rate Uplink Channel Encoding . 29 Figure 5. Example of RSC
46、Encoder 32 Figure 6. Overview of the Full-rate Downlink Channel Encoding . 43 Figure 7. Overview of the Half-rate Downlink Channel Encoding 44 ANSI/TIA/EIA-136-440-E-2014 12. Scope 1 This document provides a description of the Adaptive Multi-rate (AMR) speech service, 2 including speech coding, chan
47、nel coding and link adaptation. 3 ANSI/TIA/EIA-136-440-E-2014 23. Introduction 1 This document provides a description of the AMR speech service, including speech 2 coding, channel coding and link adaptation. 3 The following standards contain provisions which through reference in this text, 4 constit
48、ute provisions of this Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated 5 were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this 6 Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions 7 of the standards indicated
49、below. ANSI and TIA maintain registers of currently valid 8 national standards published by them. ETSI TS references in this specification are 9 specific, in the sense that they refer to release and version numbers. If there are future 10 changes that require changes to the channel coding or other parts, this specification will 11 have to be revisited. See Section 6 for specific references. 12 Section 5 provides an overview of the AMR system. 13 Section 6 describes the speech coding. 14 Section 7 provides a placeholder for possible future noise suppression. 15 Section 8 describes the
